Bridging Sensor Gaps via Single-Direction Tuning for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Recently, some researchers started exploring the use of ViTs in tackling HSI classification and achieved remarkable results. However, the training of ViT models requires a considerable number of training samples, while hyperspectral data, due to its high annotation costs, typically has a relatively small number of training samples. This contradiction has not been effectively addressed. In this paper, aiming to solve this problem, we propose the single-direction tuning (SDT) strategy, which serves as a bridge, allowing us to leverage existing labeled HSI datasets even RGB datasets to enhance the performance on new HSI datasets with limited samples. The proposed SDT inherits the idea of prompt tuning, aiming to reuse pre-trained models with minimal modifications for adaptation to new tasks. But unlike prompt tuning, SDT is custom-designed to accommodate the characteristics of HSIs. The proposed SDT utilizes a parallel architecture, an asynchronous cold-hot gradient update strategy, and unidirectional interaction. It aims to fully harness the potent representation learning capabilities derived from training on heterologous, even cross-modal datasets. In addition, we also introduce a novel Triplet-structured transformer (Tri-Former), where spectral attention and spatial attention modules are merged in parallel to construct the token mixing component for reducing computation cost and a 3D convolution-based channel mixer module is integrated to enhance stability and keep structure information. Comparison experiments conducted on three representative HSI datasets captured by different sensors demonstrate the proposed Tri-Former achieves better performance compared to several state-of-the-art methods. Homologous, heterologous and cross-modal tuning experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed SDT

The lower bounds of the first eigenvalues for the biharmonic operator on manifolds

Abstract In this paper, we use the Reilly formula and the Hessian comparison theorem to estimate the lower bounds of the first eigenvalues for the biharmonic operator eigenvalue problems (buckling problem and clamped plate problem) on manifolds

Post-Harvest Processing Methods Have Critical Roles in the Contents of Active Ingredients of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

To find the best post-harvest processing method for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, we explored the effects of fresh and traditional processing on the active ingredients in S. baicalensis and evaluated three drying techniques to determine the optimal post-harvest processing technique. We quantified four active ingredients (baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, and wogonin) in 16 different processed S. baicalensis samples that were harvested from Tongchuan, Shaanxi province, by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). In addition, we performed a similarity analysis (SA), a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and a principal component analysis (PCA) on the common peaks in S. baicalensis that were identified by the HPLC fingerprints. Compared to the traditional processing method, the fresh processing method could better preserve the four active ingredients in S. baicalensis, meanwhile, the similarity analysis (0.997–1.000) showed that the fresh processing was more similar to the traditional processing, and it did not change the type of 18 active ingredients in S. baicalensis. The cluster analysis results showed that the shade drying and sun drying methods results were more similar to each other, while the oven drying (60 °C) method results were clustered into one category. According to the results of the principal component analysis, S9, S7, and S8 had higher scores, and they were relatively well processed under these processing settings. Fresh processing could be an alternative to traditional processing; the moisture content was reduced to 24.38% under the sun drying condition, and it was the optimal post-harvest processing solution for S. baicalensis

Determining the Preferred Orientation of Silver-Plating via X-ray Diffraction Profile

Determining the preferred orientation of plating film is of practical importance. In this work, the Rietveld method and quantitative texture analysis (RM+QTA) are used to analyze the preferred orientation of plating silver film with XRD profile, whose <311> axial texture can be completely described by a set of exponential harmonics index, extracted from a single XRD profile, C41,1(0.609), C61,1(0.278), C81,1(−0.970). The constructed pole figures with the index of the exponential harmonic are following those measured by the multi-axis diffractometer. The method using exponential harmonic index can be extended to characterize the plating by electroplating in a quantitative harmonic description. In addition, a new dimension involving crystallite shape and size is considered in characterizing the preferred orientation

Origin of gold in the formation of Shihu Gold deposit, Hebei province, China

The geochemical feature of the trace element and the rare earth element in the wall rock indicate Au is derived from regional stratigraphy in Shihu Gold deposit, Hebei province, China. The data of S, Pb and C isotopes show that they were derived from the mantle, the data of the compositions of gas and liquid phases in quartz inclusion and H, O isotopes suggest that fluids flow is a mixture of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and atmosphere precipitation. The physical chemical condition of lgfo2:39.95, Eh: - 0.42 to - 0.64V and pH: 5.94 to 6.44 suggest that the deposit emplaced in a near-surface, relative oxidized and weakly alkaline geological setting. Measure of components, decrepitation temperature and the vertical isothermal diagram of quartz inclusions at different levels in orebody 101-4 suggest that fluids flow are K+- Na+- Ca2+- SO4\ud 2- - NO3 - - Cl-system rich in organic volatiles such as CO2, H2O and CH4 and C2H6, and moved from south to north and from deep to shallow. Shihu gold deposit is a polygenetic compound ore deposit formed in the Archean mesometamorphic rock and remobilized by mixed hydrothermal fluid controlled by fracture zone