Investigation on Social Anxiety of Secondary Vocational Students

Objective: To investigate the status quo of social anxiety among secondary vocational students and the differences in demographic variables through the Communication Anxiety Scale (IAS) survey. Methods: A total of 890 students from a secondary vocational school in Changshou District of Chongqing were surveyed with the Communication Anxiety Scale (IAS) to understand the social anxiety of secondary vocational students. Results: The mean score of social anxiety of secondary vocational students was 45.25±9.32. The gender difference of social anxiety in secondary vocational students was significant (P0.05); The social anxiety of secondary vocational students was significantly different in household registration type (P0.05). The difference of social anxiety in family income of secondary vocational students was very significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The level of social anxiety of secondary vocational students is above the middle level. From the perspective of gender variables, there is a significant difference in the level of social anxiety between male and female students, and the level of social anxiety of male students is significantly lower than that of female students. In terms of grade variables, there was no significant difference in social anxiety in grade variables. From the perspective of the variable of residence type, social anxiety is significantly different between rural students and urban students. The level of social anxiety of rural students is higher than that of urban students. There is no significant difference between only-child and non-only-child in social anxiety. From the perspective of family income level, social anxiety is significantly different among different income families. Students from families with wages higher than the average social level had the lowest level of social anxiety, students from families with wages comparable to the average social level had higher levels of social anxiety, and students from families with wages lower than the average social level had the highest level of social anxiety.

Clinical application of spectral CT perfusion scanning in evaluating the blood supply source of portal vein tumor thrombus in hepatocellular carcinoma

PurposeTo evaluate the characteristic of blood supply of liver portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) using perfusion indexes and spectral parameters.MethodsBetween July 2020 and December 2022, the study enrolled 25 liver cancer patients completed with PVTT (male=20, female=5; age 41-74 years (59.48 ± 9.12)) from the Interventional Department of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital. There were 11 cases of type III PVTT, 12 of type II PVTT, and 2 of type I PVTT (Cheng’s classification). All patients underwent spectral perfusion scans through dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography. The PVTTs were divided into proximal and distal groups based on the distance between the tumor thrombus and the main portal vein. The perfusion analysis was performed on the 120-kVp conventional images to generate hepatic perfusion index (HPI). The spectral based images (SBIs) during the artery and venous peak phases were extracted from the perfusion data. The iodine map and 40&amp;100-keV virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) were generated from SBI data. HPI, iodine concentration (IC), CT value at 40 and 100-keV, and spectral slope (40-100keV) of the primary lesion, proximal and distal PVTT, and liver parenchyma were measured and compared. The correlation between the primary lesion and proximal and distal PVTT was analyzed.ResultsThe IC and spectral slope during the arterial and venous peak phases and HPI of the primary lesion, proximal PVTT, and distal PVTT were highly correlated (P&lt;0.001). The differences between the IC and spectral slope during the arterial and venous peak phases and HPI of the primary lesion, proximal PVTT were statistically significant (P&lt;0.001). The differences between the IC during venous peak phase and HPI of primary lesion, distal PVTT were statistically significant (P&lt;0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference in arterial phase IC, arterial and venous phase spectral slopes.ConclusionThe IC, slope, and HPI of the distal and proximal PVTT were highly correlated with the primary lesion, indicating that PVTT was similar to the primary lesion in the liver that they were both mainly supplied by the hepatic artery. However, there was still significant heterogeneity between the proximal PVTT and the primary lesion, while the difference in the distal PVTT was relatively small

Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) inhibits HIV-1 replication via promoting APOBEC3G (A3G) expression in both enzyme activity-dependent and -independent manners

Abstract. Background:. Ubiquitination plays an essential role in many biological processes, including viral infection, and can be reversed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Although some studies discovered that DUBs inhibit or enhance viral infection by various mechanisms, there is lack of information on the role of DUBs in virus regulation, which needs to be further investigated. Methods:. Immunoblotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction, in vivo/in vitro deubiquitination, protein immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and co-localization biological techniques were employed to examine the effect of ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) on APOBEC3G (A3G) stability and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. To analyse the relationship between USP3 and HIV disease progression, we recruited 20 HIV-infected patients to detect the levels of USP3 and A3G in peripheral blood and analysed their correlation with CD4+ T-cell counts. Correlation was estimated by Pearson correlation coefficients (for parametric data). Results:. The results demonstrated that USP3 specifically inhibits HIV-1 replication in an A3G-dependent manner. Further investigation found that USP3 stabilized 90% to 95% of A3G expression by deubiquitinating Vif-mediated polyubiquitination and blocking its degradation in an enzyme-dependent manner. It also enhances the A3G messenger RNA (mRNA) level by binding to A3G mRNA and stabilizing it in an enzyme-independent manner. Moreover, USP3 expression was positively correlated with A3G expression (r = 0.5110) and CD4+ T-cell counts (r = 0.5083) in HIV-1-infected patients. Conclusions:. USP3 restricts HIV-1 viral infections by increasing the expression of the antiviral factor A3G. Therefore, USP3 may be an important target for drug development and serve as a novel therapeutic strategy against viral infections

Constipation in DM are associated with both poor glycemic control and diabetic complications: Current status and future directions

Constipation is a major complications of diabetes mellitus. With the accelerating prevalence of diabetes worldwide and an aging population, there is considerable research interest regarding the altered function and structure of the gastrointestinal tract in diabetic patients. Despite current advances in hyperglycemic treatment strategies, the specific pathogenesis of diabetic constipation remains unknown. Patients with constipation, may be reluctant to eat regularly, which may worsen glycemic control and thus worsen symptoms associated with underlying diabetic bowel disease. This paper presents a review of the complex relationship between diabetes and constipation, exploring the morphological alterations and biomechanical remodeling associated with intestinal motility dysfunction, as well as alterations in intestinal neurons, cellular signaling pathways, and oxidative stress. Further studies focusing on new targets that may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic constipation may, provide new ideas for the development of novel therapies to treat or even prevent diabetic constipation

The Characteristics of Heavy Ozone Pollution Episodes and Identification of the Primary Driving Factors Using a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) in an Industrial Megacity of Northern China

Tropospheric ozone is the only normal pollutant with a continuously increasing annual average concentration worldwide. In this study, data were monitored at the Nankai University Air Quality Research Supersite (NKAQRS) (38.99° N, 117.33° E) between 1 April, and 31 August from 2018 to 2020, 33 O3 episodes from 2018 to 2020 were analyzed to reveal the characteristics of O3, VOCs and OFP during O3 episodes and to evaluate the driving factors. The O3 episodes showed a decreasing trend in terms of pollution frequency, days, heavy pollution duration and peak concentration. Ethane, acetylene, cyclopentane, and methylcyclopentane were the major types in 2020, while 1-hexene was the main component in 2019. The main ozone-contributing species in 2020 were propene cyclopentane methylcyclopentane and ethylene. Alkenes were important contributors to ozone formation. Using generalized additive models (GAMs), the explanatory variables in the study are divided into environmental and meteorological factors, and 16 impact factors are selected as explanatory variables. We found that the influence of these meteorological factors on O3 pollution was nonlinear and impacted by the interaction between variables. O3 episodes were mainly driven by meteorological and precursor (NO) factors in 2018, while meteorological conditions (T), followed by precursor (NO2) were the driving factors in 2019 and 2020, suggesting that O3 episodes were mainly driven by meteorological conditions

Multifunctional Optoelectronic Synapses Based on Arrayed MoS2 Monolayers Emulating Human Association Memory

Abstract Optoelectronic synaptic devices integrating light‐perception and signal‐storage functions hold great potential in neuromorphic computing for visual information processing, as well as complex brain‐like learning, memorizing, and reasoning. Herein, the successful growth of MoS2 monolayer arrays assisted by gold nanorods guided precursor nucleation is demonstrated. Optical, spectral, and morphology characterizations of MoS2 prove that arrayed flakes are homogeneous monolayers, and they are further fabricated as optoelectronic devices showing featured photocurrent loops and stable optical responses. Typical synaptic behaviors of photo‐induced short‐term potentiation, long‐term potentiation, and paired pulse facilitation are recorded under different light stimulations of 450, 532, and 633 nm lasers at various excitation powers. A visual sensing system consisting of 5 × 6 pixels is constructed to simulate the light‐sensing image mapped by forgetting curves in real time. Moreover, the system presents the ability of utilizing associated images to restore vague and incomplete memories, which successfully mimics human intelligent behaviors of association memory and logical reasoning. The work emulates the brain‐like artificial intelligence using arrayed 2D semiconductors, which paves an avenue to achieve smart retina and complex brain‐like system

Multifunctional Polypropylene Separator via Cooperative Modification and Its Application in the Lithium–Sulfur Battery

The continuous shuttling of dissolved polysulfides between the electrodes is the primary cause for the rapid decay of lithium–sulfur batteries. Modulation of the separator–electrolyte interface through separator modification is a promising strategy to inhibit polysulfide shuttling. In this work, we develop a graphene oxide and ferrocene comodified polypropylene separator with multifunctionality at the separator–electrolyte interface. The graphene oxide on the functionalized separator could physically adsorb the polysulfide while the ferrocene component could effectively facilitate the conversion of the adsorbed polysulfide. Due to the combination of these beneficial functionalities, the separator exhibits an excellent battery performance, with a high reversible capacity of 409 mAh g–1 after 500 cycles at 0.2 C. We anticipate that the combinatorial separator functionalization proposed herein is an effective approach for improving the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries