The role of fiscal instruments in the implementation of low-carbon agriculture

Purpose. The study purpose is to determine the aspects for improving the fiscal toolkit as an economic lever for regulating agricultural land use with the optimized approach to the selection of areas of introduction of the low-carbon development for the formation of organizational and economic management conditions towards the ensuring of restoration and preservation of agricultural resource potential. Methodology / approach. In this work, we used the following research methods: monographic, statistical analysis, graphic, correlation and regression analysis. The national and international documents of legal framework for regulating the processes of agricultural land use, materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used. Results. Based on the ecological and economic efficiency analysis of agricultural land use, the priority of obtaining profits in contrast to the problems of the restoration and preservation of the agricultural resource potential was demonstrated, thanks to which Ukraine took the lead in many commodity crops export. The soil fertility decline is a reason of formed threat to agroecological and food security. Based on the assessment of the nitrogen balance flows, the amount of removal of nutrients from the soil cover was estimated. Originality / scientific novelty. The expediency of using an improved tax instrument for land use as an economic lever for the formation of organizational and economic conditions of management with a focus on the introduction of the principles of the green economy is substantiated. This improvement consists in the correction factor proposed for the first time to the calculated volumes of tax collections. This coefficient allows taking into account the characteristics of the land use effectiveness in combination with the coefficients of carbon stock changes of the internationally recognized methodology UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Based on the improvement of the target agroecological zoning approach (on the example of the Odesa region), an approach to establishing the priority of land plots from the point of view of the perspective of introducing low-carbon land use is proposed. Practical value / implications. The proposed approach opens the possibility to optimize efforts to introduce low-carbon land use and therefore to restore and preserve agro-resource potential. The national crop production competitiveness is ensured by this. Therefore, this approach can be taken as a basis for the introduction of the latest green economy tools for the agricultural land use sector at the level of territorial communities

Total Water Consumption and Evaporation of Winter Wheat in the Irrigation Zone of Southern Ukraine

The most important element in the development of the irrigation regime of agricultural crops is the total water consumption or/and the amount of water that plants need during the growing season to obtain the planned crop in specific natural conditions while optimising all technological processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of total water consumption and average daily evaporation of winter wheat plants depending on the natural moisture supply of growing years, irrigation regimes, and groundwater level in the irrigation zone of southern Ukraine. In the course of the study, generally accepted methods were used: system approach and systems analysis, monographic, analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical, historical, field research, statistical and economic-mathematical, etc. The highest indicators of total water consumption were observed in the average weather conditions and amounted to 4,263 m3/ha in the 2-metre layer of soil, in wet years characterised by moderate temperatures, high humidity, and a considerable number of days with precipitation, the average water consumption from this soil layer was 3,993 m3/ha. In dry years, which were characterised by hot weather with low humidity and low precipitation, the total water consumption was the lowest and amounted to 3685 m3/ha. The reduction of the growing season occurs in late June – early July when high air temperatures and low humidity are observed, which is the main reason for the decrease in the total water consumption of irrigated winter wheat. Analysis of data on the use of moisture from different soil layers indicates that during the autumn growing season and during the wintering of plants water reserves in the deep layers are replenished. In general, during the growing season of winter wheat, considering the winter period, the field of this crop consumes an average of 5.2 thousand m3 of water during irrigation over 12 years. Observation of the average daily evaporation of winter wheat plants in conditions of natural and artificial irrigation indicates that it has the form of a parabola, the maximum mark of which falls on the interphase period of earing – the beginning of milky ripeness of grai

The Role of Fiscal Instruments in the Implementation of Low-Carbon Agriculture

Purpose. The study purpose is to determine the aspects for improving the fiscal toolkit as an economic lever for regulating agricultural land use with the optimized approach to the selection of areas of introduction of the low-carbon development for the formation of organizational and economic management conditions towards the ensuring of restoration and preservation of agricultural resource potential. Methodology / approach. In this work, we used the following research methods: monographic, statistical analysis, graphic, correlation and regression analysis. The national and international documents of legal framework for regulating the processes of agricultural land use, materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used. Results. Based on the ecological and economic efficiency analysis of agricultural land use, the priority of obtaining profits in contrast to the problems of the restoration and preservation of the agricultural resource potential was demonstrated, thanks to which Ukraine took the lead in many commodity crops export. The soil fertility decline is a reason of formed threat to agroecological and food security. Based on the assessment of the nitrogen balance flows, the amount of removal of nutrients from the soil cover was estimated. Originality / scientific novelty. The expediency of using an improved tax instrument for land use as an economic lever for the formation of organizational and economic conditions of management with a focus on the introduction of the principles of the green economy is substantiated. This improvement consists in the correction factor proposed for the first time to the calculated volumes of tax collections. This coefficient allows taking into account the characteristics of the land use effectiveness in combination with the coefficients of carbon stock changes of the internationally recognized methodology UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Based on the improvement of the target agroecological zoning approach (on the example of the Odesa region), an approach to establishing the priority of land plots from the point of view of the perspective of introducing low-carbon land use is proposed. Practical value / implications. The proposed approach opens the possibility to optimize efforts to introduce low-carbon land use and therefore to restore and preserve agro-resource potential. The national crop production competitiveness is ensured by this. Therefore, this approach can be taken as a basis for the introduction of the latest green economy tools for the agricultural land use sector at the level of territorial communities

The role of fiscal instruments in the implementation of low-carbon agriculture

Purpose. The study purpose is to determine the aspects for improving the fiscal toolkit as an economic lever for regulating agricultural land use with the optimized approach to the selection of areas of introduction of the low-carbon development for the formation of organizational and economic management conditions towards the ensuring of restoration and preservation of agricultural resource potential. Methodology / approach. In this work, we used the following research methods: monographic, statistical analysis, graphic, correlation and regression analysis. The national and international documents of legal framework for regulating the processes of agricultural land use, materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used. Results. Based on the ecological and economic efficiency analysis of agricultural land use, the priority of obtaining profits in contrast to the problems of the restoration and preservation of the agricultural resource potential was demonstrated, thanks to which Ukraine took the lead in many commodity crops export. The soil fertility decline is a reason of formed threat to agroecological and food security. Based on the assessment of the nitrogen balance flows, the amount of removal of nutrients from the soil cover was estimated. Originality / scientific novelty. The expediency of using an improved tax instrument for land use as an economic lever for the formation of organizational and economic conditions of management with a focus on the introduction of the principles of the green economy is substantiated. This improvement consists in the correction factor proposed for the first time to the calculated volumes of tax collections. This coefficient allows taking into account the characteristics of the land use effectiveness in combination with the coefficients of carbon stock changes of the internationally recognized methodology UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Based on the improvement of the target agroecological zoning approach (on the example of the Odesa region), an approach to establishing the priority of land plots from the point of view of the perspective of introducing low-carbon land use is proposed. Practical value / implications. The proposed approach opens the possibility to optimize efforts to introduce low-carbon land use and therefore to restore and preserve agro-resource potential. The national crop production competitiveness is ensured by this. Therefore, this approach can be taken as a basis for the introduction of the latest green economy tools for the agricultural land use sector at the level of territorial communities

The Role of Fiscal Instruments in the Implementation of Low-Carbon Agriculture

Purpose. The study purpose is to determine the aspects for improving the fiscal toolkit as an economic lever for regulating agricultural land use with the optimized approach to the selection of areas of introduction of the low-carbon development for the formation of organizational and economic management conditions towards the ensuring of restoration and preservation of agricultural resource potential. Methodology / approach. In this work, we used the following research methods: monographic, statistical analysis, graphic, correlation and regression analysis. The national and international documents of legal framework for regulating the processes of agricultural land use, materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were used. Results. Based on the ecological and economic efficiency analysis of agricultural land use, the priority of obtaining profits in contrast to the problems of the restoration and preservation of the agricultural resource potential was demonstrated, thanks to which Ukraine took the lead in many commodity crops export. The soil fertility decline is a reason of formed threat to agroecological and food security. Based on the assessment of the nitrogen balance flows, the amount of removal of nutrients from the soil cover was estimated. Originality / scientific novelty. The expediency of using an improved tax instrument for land use as an economic lever for the formation of organizational and economic conditions of management with a focus on the introduction of the principles of the green economy is substantiated. This improvement consists in the correction factor proposed for the first time to the calculated volumes of tax collections. This coefficient allows taking into account the characteristics of the land use effectiveness in combination with the coefficients of carbon stock changes of the internationally recognized methodology UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Based on the improvement of the target agroecological zoning approach (on the example of the Odesa region), an approach to establishing the priority of land plots from the point of view of the perspective of introducing low-carbon land use is proposed. Practical value / implications. The proposed approach opens the possibility to optimize efforts to introduce low-carbon land use and therefore to restore and preserve agro-resource potential. The national crop production competitiveness is ensured by this. Therefore, this approach can be taken as a basis for the introduction of the latest green economy tools for the agricultural land use sector at the level of territorial communities

International Tourism Development in the Context of Increasing Globalization Risks: On the Example of Ukraine’s Integration into the Global Tourism Industry

Today, international tourism is one of the most affected sectors of the economy due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. The main purpose of this article is to analyze current trends and identify prospects for the international tourism development in the context of increasing globalization risks in the world, using the example of Ukraine’s integration into the global tourism industry, as Ukraine is located in the centre of Europe and belongs to a number of countries with developing economies, and has the potential to expand its tourism industry, which may be of interest to the international scientific community in terms of overcoming the bifurcation point of its economic development. Analyzing the tourism industry, as one of the most progressive sectors of the world economy, we used general scientific and special research methods (abstract-logical, statistical, systemic analysis and synthesis, abstract-theoretical, and correlation-regression analysis). The paper analyzes major indexes of international tourism development in the modern globalized world and details the risks emerging during the global COVID-19 pandemic. It examines the global dynamics of tourism flows, where France, Spain, and the USA are unquestionable leaders. The study considers foreign exchange earnings of international tourism and the industry contribution to the gross domestic product of countries being an essential component of national budgets. Based on the study conducted, there were developed reliable forecast models for the tourism industry development in the countries under research. These models will provide an opportunity to generate reliable forecasts, which will allow timely identification of potential threats and making effective decisions to address them. At the same time, the issues of managing information support of economic entities in the field of international tourism need to be further developed in order to reduce risks