Nonlinear resonances of electrostatically actuated nano-beam

Nonlinear response of electrostatically actuated nano-beam near-half natural frequency is studied by considering the nonlinearities of the large deformation, electrostatic force and Casimir effect. A first-order fringe correction of the electrostatic force, large deformation, viscous damping, and Casimir effect are included in the dynamic model. The dynamics of the resonator are investigated by using the method of multiple scales in a direct approach to the problem. The sufficient conditions of guaranteeing the system stability and a saddle-node bifurcation are studied. The influences of large deformation, damping, actuation, and fringe effect on the resonator response are studied. The peak amplitude of the primary resonance is given in the paper. Numerical simulations are conducted for uniform nano-beam

Adherence to an antioxidant diet and lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from NHANES 1999–2018

BackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) stands a prevalent chronic liver condition significantly influenced by oxidative stress. We investigated the unclear relationship between antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rate and mortality in adult patients with NAFLD.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHAENS) spanning from 1999 to 2018 to investigate the association between adherence to an antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence rate and mortality in adult patients with NAFLD. The study employed the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) to define antioxidant diet and lifestyle.ResultsIncluding 8,670 adult patients with NAFLD, the study revealed an inverse association between OBS and the prevalence of most CVD conditions. Fully adjusted models demonstrated that each unit increase in diet OBS, lifestyle OBS, and overall OBS corresponded to a 2, 7, and 2% reduction in all-cause mortality, respectively. In models 2, findings revealed that lifestyle Q2 and Q3 were linked to reduced cancer mortality, whereas diet and overall OBS did not exhibit an association. Additionally, Stratified analysis revealed that age (<45 years) and education level (> high school) significantly influenced the association between the OBS and the prevalence of CVD.ConclusionThese results underscore the protective link between adherence to an antioxidant diet and lifestyle and a diminished prevalence of CVD and mortality in adults with NAFLD, particularly among younger and higher-educated populations

Study on the outdoor thermal comfort of college students under different activity intensities in a high-altitude climate zone

IntroductionResearch on the outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) of a university campus is beneficial to the physical and mental health of college students.MethodsIn this study, the OTC of students attending Tibet University in Lhasa, which experiences high-altitude cold climate conditions, under different activity intensities was studied using field measurements and a questionnaire survey.ResultsWith the increase in activity intensity, the comfort physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) value gradually increased in summer, while the comfortable PET value gradually decreased in winter. The most comfortable PET value is 17.6°C in summer and 11.5°C in winter. The neutral PET of Tibetan college students during outdoor activities in summer was 16.3°C, and the neutral PET of outdoor activities in winter was 12.1°C. Gender and ethnicity had different effects on thermal sensation under different activity intensities. Under vigorous-intensity activities, PET in winter and summer had the greatest influence on thermal sensation. The situation was different under moderate-intensity activity. PET had the greatest influence on thermal sensation in summer, and Tmrt had the greatest influence on thermal sensation in winter.DiscussionThese findings provide a basis for an improved design of the outdoor environment under different outdoor activity intensities in high-altitude areas

Colorimetric Determination of Peroxidation Values of Edible Pure Vegetable Oil by Using Fe3O4@COOH Nanozyme

A colorimetric method for the determination of the peroxide value (POV) of edible vegetable oils was established based on the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of Fe3O4@COOH nanoenzyme. For five edible vegetable oils (corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil), POV over the range of 0–0.3 g/100 g exhibited a good linear relationship with absorbance values. The proposed method could accurately detect the POV of edible vegetable oils oxidized in three different ways (ultraviolet lamp irradiation, oven heating and natural oxidation). The differences between the POV determined by this method and the national standard method for 25 oil samples were less than 0.05, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil were 6.13 %, 5.84 %, 6.82 %, 3.62 % and 5.75 %, respectively, indicating good practicability of the colorimetric method. This study provides a fast and convenient method for determining the POV of edible pure vegetable oils

Low-Dose Immune Tolerance Induction in Children With Severe Hemophilia A With High-Titer Inhibitors: Type of Factor 8 Mutation and Outcomes

BACKGROUND: No studies evaluated the role of OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between METHODS: Children SHA with high-titer inhibitors who received low-dose ITI therapy at least for 1 year were included in this study. Based on the risk of inhibitor development, RESULTS: Of 104 children included, 101 had CONCLUSIONS: Types o

The association of bone, fingernail and blood manganese with cognitive and olfactory function in Chinese workers

Occupational manganese (Mn) exposure has been associated with cognitive and olfactory dysfunction; however, few studies have incorporated cumulative biomarkers of Mn exposure such as bone Mn (BnMn). Our goal was to assess the cross-sectional association between BnMn, blood Mn (BMn), and fingernail Mn (FMn) with cognitive and olfactory function among Mn-exposed workers. A transportable in vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNAA) system was designed and utilized to assess BnMn among 60 Chinese workers. BMn and FMn were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cognitive and olfactory function was assessed using Animal and Fruit Naming tests, World Health Organization/University of California-Los Angeles Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Additional data were obtained via questionnaire. Regression models adjusted for age, education, factory of employment, and smoking status (UPSIT only), were used to assess the relationship between Mn biomarkers and test scores. In adjusted models, increasing BnMn was significantly associated with decreased performance on average AVLT scores [β (95% confidence interval (CI)) = -0.65 (-1.21, -0.09)] and Animal Naming scores [β (95% CI) = -1.54 (-3.00, -0.07)]. Increasing FMn was significantly associated with reduced performance measured by the average AVLT [β (95% CI) = -0.35 (-0.70, -0.006)] and the difference in AVLT scores [β (95% CI) = -0.40 (-0.77, -0.03)]. BMn was not significantly associated with any test scores; no significant associations were observed with Fruit Naming or UPSIT tests. BnMn and FMn, but not BMn, are associated with cognitive function in Mn-exposed workers. None of th

Association between salivary microbiota and renal function in renal transplant patients during the perioperative period

IntroductionRenal transplantation is an effective treatment for the end stage renal disease (ESRD). However, how salivary microbiota changes during perioperative period of renal transplant recipients (RTRs) has not been elucidated.MethodsFive healthy controls and 11 RTRs who had good recovery were enrolled. Saliva samples were collected before surgery and at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the composition of salivary microbiota between ESRD patients and healthy controls. The salivary microbiota of RTRs showed higher operational taxonomic units (OTUs) amount and greater alpha and beta diversity than those of ESRD patients and healthy controls, but gradually stabilized over time. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Tenericutes and Spirochaetes was about ten times different from ESRD patients or healthy controls for RTRs overall in time. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Patescibacteria, Leptotrichiaceae and Streptococcaceae was correlated with serum creatinine (Scr) after renal transplantation.DiscussionIn short, salivary microbiota community altered in the perioperative period of renal transplantation and certain species of salivary microbiota had the potential to be a biomarker of postoperative recovery

MULTI: Multimodal Understanding Leaderboard with Text and Images

Rapid progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) highlights the need to introduce challenging yet realistic benchmarks to the academic community, while existing benchmarks primarily focus on understanding simple natural images and short context. In this paper, we present MULTI as a cutting-edge benchmark for evaluating MLLMs on understanding complex tables and images, and reasoning with long context. MULTI provides multimodal inputs and requires responses that are either precise or open-ended, reflecting real-life examination styles. MULTI includes over 18,000 questions and challenges MLLMs with a variety of tasks, ranging from formula derivation to image detail analysis and cross-modality reasoning. We also introduce MULTI-Elite, a 500-question selected hard subset, and MULTI-Extend, with more than 4,500 external knowledge context pieces. Our evaluation indicates significant potential for MLLM advancement, with GPT-4V achieving a 63.7% accuracy rate on MULTI, in contrast to other MLLMs scoring between 28.5% and 55.3%. MULTI serves not only as a robust evaluation platform but also paves the way for the development of expert-level AI.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, 10 tables. Details and access are available at: https://OpenDFM.github.io/MULTI-Benchmark