Enhancing Usability of Information Extraction Results with Textual Data Profiling

PACLIC 19 / Taipei, taiwan / December 1-3, 200

The Effect of Culture on Trust in Automation: Reliability and Workload

Trust in automation has become a topic of intensive study over the past two decades. While the earliest trust experiments involved human interventions to correct failures/errors in automated control systems a majority of subsequent studies have investigated information acquisition and analysis decision aiding tasks such as target detection for which automation reliability is more easily manipulated. Despite the high level of international dependence on automation in industry and transport almost all current studies have employed Western samples primarily from the US. The present study addresses these gaps by running a large sample experiment in three (US, Taiwan and Turkey) diverse cultures using a ‘trust sensitive task’ consisting of both automated control and target detection subtasks. This paper presents results for the target detection subtask for which reliability and task load were manipulated. The current experiments allow us to determine whether reported effects are universal or specific to Western culture, vary in baseline or magnitude, or differ across cultures. Results generally confirm consistent effects of manipulations across the three cultures as well as cultural differences in initial trust and variation in effects of manipulations consistent with 10 cultural hypotheses based on Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions and Leung and Cohen’s theory of Cultural Syndromes. These results provide critical implications and insights for enhancing human trust in intelligent automation systems across cultures. Our paper presents the following contributions: First, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first set of studies that deal with cultural factors across all the cultural syndromes identified in the literature by comparing trust in the Honor, Face, Dignity cultures. Second, this is the first set of studies that uses a validated cross-cultural trust measure for measuring trust in automation. Third, our experiments are the first to study the dynamics of trust across cultures

Relation between Trust Attitudes Toward Automation, Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions, and Big Five Personality Traits

Automation has been widely used in interactions with smartphones, computers, and other machinery in recent decades. Studies have shown that inappropriate reliance on automation can lead to unexpected and even catastrophic results. Trust is conceived as an intervening variable between user intention and actions involving reliance on automation. It is generally believed that trust is dynamic and an individual’s culture or personality may influence automation use through changes in trust. To better understand how cultural and individual differences may affect a person’s trust and resulting behaviors, the present study examined the effects of cultural characteristics and personality traits on reported trust in automation in U.S., Taiwanese and Turkish populations. The results showed individual differences significantly affected human trust in automation across the three cultures

Influence of Culture, Transparency, Trust, and Degree of Automation on Automation Use

The reported study compares groups of 120 participants each, from the United States, Taiwan, and Turkey interacting with versions of an automated path planner that vary in transparency and degree of automation. The nationalities were selected in accordance with the theory of Cultural Syndromes as representatives of Dignity (US), Face (Taiwan), and Honor (Turkey) cultures and were predicted to differ in readiness to trust automation, degree of transparency required to use automation, and willingness to use systems with high degrees of automation. Three experimental conditions were tested. In the first, highlight, path conflicts were highlighted leaving rerouting to the participant. In the second, re-planner made requests for permission to reroute when a path conflict was detected. The third combined condition increased transparency of the re-planner by combining highlighting with rerouting to make the conflict on which decision was based visible to the user. A novel framework relating transparency, stages of automation, and trust in automation is proposed in which transparency plays a primary role in decisions to use automation but is supplemented by trust where there is insufficient information otherwise. Hypothesized cultural effects and framework predictions were confirme

Multiagent Coordination in Tightly Coupled Task Scheduling

We consider an environment where agents' tasks are tightly coupled and require real-time scheduling and execution. In order to complete their tasks, agents need to coordinate their actions both constantly and extensively. We present an approach that consists of a standard operating procedure and a look-ahead coordination. The standard operating procedure regulates task coupling and minimizes communication. The look-ahead coordination increases agents' global visibility and provides indicative information for decision adjustment. The goal of our approach is to prune decision myopia while maintaining system responsiveness in real-time, dynamic environments. Experimental results in job shop scheduling problems show that (1) the look-ahead coordination significantly enhances the performance of the standard operating procedure in solution quality, (2) the approach is capable of producing solutions of very high quality in a real-time environment. Introduction Most research on multiagent sy..