19,074 research outputs found
Heavy Higgs Bosons at 14 TeV and 100 TeV
Searching for Higgs bosons beyond the Standard Model (BSM) is one of the most
important missions for hadron colliders. As a landmark of BSM physics, the MSSM
Higgs sector at the LHC is expected to be tested up to the scale of the
decoupling limit of O(1) TeV, except for a wedge region centered around
, which has been known to be difficult to probe. In this
article, we present a dedicated study testing the decoupled MSSM Higgs sector,
at the LHC and a next-generation -collider, proposing to search in channels
with associated Higgs productions, with the neutral and charged Higgs further
decaying into and , respectively. In the case of neutral Higgs we are
able to probe for the so far uncovered wedge region via . Additionally, we cover the the high range with . The combination of these searches with channels dedicated to
the low region, such as and potentially covers the full range. The search for charged
Higgs has a slightly smaller sensitivity for the moderate region,
but additionally probes for the higher and lower regions with even
greater sensitivity, via . While the LHC will be able
to probe the whole range for Higgs masses of O(1) TeV by combining
these channels, we show that a future 100 TeV -collider has a potential to
push the sensitivity reach up to TeV. In order to deal
with the novel kinematics of top quarks produced by heavy Higgs decays, the
multivariate Boosted Decision Tree (BDT) method is applied in our collider
analyses. The BDT-based tagging efficiencies of both hadronic and leptonic
top-jets, and their mutual fake rates as well as the faking rates by other jets
(, , , , etc.) are also presented.Comment: published versio
Construction, analysis, ligation, and self-assembly of DNA triple crossover complexes
This paper extends the study and prototyping of unusual DNA motifs, unknown in nature, but founded
on principles derived from biological structures. Artificially designed DNA complexes show promise as building
blocks for the construction of useful nanoscale structures, devices, and computers. The DNA triple crossover
(TX) complex described here extends the set of experimentally characterized building blocks. It consists of
four oligonucleotides hybridized to form three double-stranded DNA helices lying in a plane and linked by
strand exchange at four immobile crossover points. The topology selected for this TX molecule allows for the
presence of reporter strands along the molecular diagonal that can be used to relate the inputs and outputs of
DNA-based computation. Nucleotide sequence design for the synthetic strands was assisted by the application
of algorithms that minimize possible alternative base-pairing structures. Synthetic oligonucleotides were purified,
stoichiometric mixtures were annealed by slow cooling, and the resulting DNA structures were analyzed by
nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and heat-induced unfolding. Ferguson analysis and hydroxyl radical
autofootprinting provide strong evidence for the assembly of the strands to the target TX structure. Ligation
of reporter strands has been demonstrated with this motif, as well as the self-assembly of hydrogen-bonded
two-dimensional crystals in two different arrangements. Future applications of TX units include the construction
of larger structures from multiple TX units, and DNA-based computation. In addition to the presence of reporter
strands, potential advantages of TX units over other DNA structures include space for gaps in molecular arrays,
larger spatial displacements in nanodevices, and the incorporation of well-structured out-of-plane components
in two-dimensional arrays
Vortex dynamics
Vortex flows of interest to aerodynamicists cover a wide range of scales from a fraction of an inch in boundary layer flows to many feet in wake flows. In many applications these flows are poorly understood and, due to their complexity, present a challenge both analytically and experimentally. Four topics representing the spectrum of experimental and analytical vortex research are presented
Interactions with Frontiers of Financial Economic — A Research Agenda for Real Estate Finance
[Excerpt] Recent years have seen the emergence of substantial scholarly research in real estate finance that uses the methodology and paradigms at the frontiers of financial economics. Agency theory, search theory, and signaling have appeared in several models of real estate finance (see, for example, Damodaran, John, and Liu, 1998; Damodaran and Liu, 1993; Williams, 1993a, 1993b, 1995, 1998). Continuous time-valuation models of financial options, real options, and fixed-income securities and term structure models have also been applied in a number of papers on the pricing of mortgage-backed securities with and without sophisticated prepayment structures (for example, see Dunn and Spatt, 1985, 1986; Grenadier, 1995, 1996; John, Liu, and Radhakrishnan, 1997; Stanton and Wallace, 1998; Williams, 1993a, 1993b, 1997). Paradigms of securitization and optimal design of securities and organizational forms have also made their appearance in recent real estate research (see, for example, DeMarzo and Duffie, 1998; DeMarzo, 1998; Shiller andWeiss, 1998; Damodaran, John, and Liu, 1997).
The objective of this special issue is to showcase some of this research in real estate and explore additional paradigms in financial economics that would provide the framework for interesting and innovative real estate research
Do Property Characteristics or Cash Flow Drive Hotel Real Estate Value? The Answer Is Yes
Analysts typically use two types of methods to value hotels: comparable sales and the present value of income (sometimes calculated as discounted cash flow). This report explores whether one model is superior to the other, and whether combining both models results in more precise hotel valuations. This evaluation addresses the issue of which property characteristics and income calculations are the most effective in explaining variation in the prices of hotels, how the descending influence of hotel property characteristics and income present value components determine the prices of hotels, and whether hedonic and income-based models produce similar estimates of hotel values. The findings show that using an approach based on comparable sales or one based on incomes results in similar value estimates. Beyond that, the analysis finds that combining both models does not result in more precise hotel valuations
Adhesion, friction, and deformation of ion-beam-deposited boron nitride films
The tribological properties and mechanical strength of boron nitride films were investigated. The BN films were predominantly amorphous and nonstoichiometric and contained small amounts of oxides and carbides. It was found that the yield pressure at full plasticity, the critical load to fracture, and the shear strength of interfacial adhesive bonds (considered as adhesion) depended on the type of metallic substrate on which the BN was deposited. The harder the substrate, the greater the critical load and the adhesion. The yield pressures of the BN film were 12 GPa for the 440C stainless steel substrate, 4.1 GPa for the 304 stainless steel substrate, and 3.3 GPa for the titanium substrate
The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. III. Globular Cluster Specific Frequencies of Early-Type Galaxies
The globular cluster (GC) specific frequency (), defined as the number
of GCs per unit galactic luminosity, represents the efficiency of GC formation
(and survival) compared to field stars. Despite the naive expectation that star
cluster formation should scale directly with star formation, this efficiency
varies widely across galaxies. To explore this variation we measure the z-band
GC specific frequency () for 43 early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Fornax Cluster
Survey. Combined with the homogenous measurements of in 100 ETGs from
the HST/ACS Virgo Cluster Survey from Peng et al. (2008), we investigate the
dependence of on mass and environment over a range of galaxy
properties. We find that behaves similarly in the two galaxy
clusters, despite the clusters' order-of-magnitude difference in mass density.
The is low in intermediate-mass ETGs (), and increases
with galaxy luminosity. It is elevated at low masses, on average, but with a
large scatter driven by galaxies in dense environments. The densest
environments with the strongest tidal forces appear to strip the GC systems of
low-mass galaxies. However, in low-mass galaxies that are not in strong tidal
fields, denser environments correlate with enhanced GC formation efficiencies.
Normalizing by inferred halo masses, the GC mass fraction,
, is constant for ETGs with stellar masses
, in agreement with previous
studies. The lack of correlation between the fraction of GCs and the nuclear
light implies only a weak link between the infall of GCs and the formation of
nuclei.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables; accepted by Ap
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