Generative Model Watermarking Based on Human Visual System

Intellectual property protection of deep neural networks is receiving attention from more and more researchers, and the latest research applies model watermarking to generative models for image processing. However, the existing watermarking methods designed for generative models do not take into account the effects of different channels of sample images on watermarking. As a result, the watermarking performance is still limited. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we first analyze the effects of embedding watermark information on different channels. Then, based on the characteristics of human visual system (HVS), we introduce two HVS-based generative model watermarking methods, which are realized in RGB color space and YUV color space respectively. In RGB color space, the watermark is embedded into the R and B channels based on the fact that HVS is more sensitive to G channel. In YUV color space, the watermark is embedded into the DCT domain of U and V channels based on the fact that HVS is more sensitive to brightness changes. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed work, which improves the fidelity of the model to be protected and has good universality compared with previous methods.Comment: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IdiF7M0AAAAJ&hl=e

High Efficiency Permanent Magnet Machine

The present invention is a high efficiency permanent magnet machine capable of maintaining high power density. The machine is operable over a wide range of power output. The improved efficiency is due in part to copper wires with a current density lower than traditional designs and larger permanent magnets coupled with a large air gap. In a certain embodiment wide stator teeth are used to provide additional improved efficiency through significantly reducing magnetic saturation resulting in lower current. The machine also has a much smaller torque angle than that in traditional design at rated load and thus has a higher overload handling capability and improved efficiency. In addition, when the machine is used as a motor, an adaptive phase lag compensation scheme helps the sensorless field oriented control (FOC) scheme to perform more accurately

Design of High-Efficiency Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Drive System

Utilization of renewable energy has become the future trend in the trucking industry. Electrical power generated from renewable energy can replace part of the fuel usage. There is usually limited space for storing on-board battery. Thus, to better utilize the battery power, it becomes critical to have an efficient energy conversion device that can transfer energy from battery to amenities such as air conditioner, microwave, TV, mini refrigerator, etc. In this dissertation, a designed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can be such energy conversion device for an electric Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) application, which will have a desired output power of 2 kW at 2 krpm, and maintain an efficiency greater than 90%. The design calls for good performance over a speed range of 1.5 krpm to 2.5 krpm. The current air conditioning system for automobile works only by on or off mode. For the heat mode, that means it is on with heat once the cabin temperature drops down to a level and off if the temperature rises back above that level. For the cool mode, that means it is on with cold air once the cabin temperature rises above a level, and off if the temperature drops back to that level. This is because the motor does not have the speed control functionality according to the temperature variation and people in the cabin do not feel much comfortable for that temperature change periodically as well as the inefficient energy consumption. With our novel technology, the designed motor can adjust its speed through the embedded system of our novel DC to AC inverter to provide a variable load. For example, with high efficiency, the fully charged battery sets (48 volts) can supply the electrical power and cooling to the cabin for about 10 hours without recharging using the main engine. Copper loss is the most significant part of all the losses in low speed electric machines. Reducing the copper loss is the key to build highly efficient machine. We use copper wires with the current density lower than traditional design which result in large cross section of the wire and thus reduce the copper loss and improve the efficiency. This also makes thermal management easier and reduces the need to use active cooling methodologies (such as fan, liquid cooling or spray cooling); and hence the overall power density of the whole system (including cooling devices) will not decease much. In traditional machine design, the torque angle is designed to be in the range of 15 to 30 degrees at the rated power and speed. In our high efficiency motor design, we propose to use much lower torque angle of 2 to 15 degrees at the rated power and speed. Such design can effectively increase the overload power handling capability and efficiency. Besides, small torque angle will result in large airgap size and increased thickness of the permanent magnets. Large airgap helps to reduce the windage loss of the machine and generates a lot less mechanical noise based on our design experience. Increased thickness of the permanent magnets helps to avoid the demagnetization. As the technology of advanced micro-controller develops, fast response power electronic devices can be used in the motor controller. A novel design of DC to AC inverter with the field oriented control scheme and sliding mode observer algorithm for driving the designed motor is developed. The inverter has the capability of driving the motor with its output power at 2 kW

Hiding Data Hiding

Data hiding is the art of hiding secret data into a cover object such as digital image for covert communication. In this paper, we make the first step towards hiding ``data hiding'', which is totally different from many conventional works that directly embed secret data in a given cover object. In detail, we propose a novel method to disguise data hiding tools, including a data embedding tool and a data extraction tool, as a deep neural network (DNN) with an ordinary task (i.e., style transfer). After training the DNN for both style transfer and data hiding, while the DNN can transfer the style of an image to the target one, it can also hide secret data into a cover image or extract secret data from a stego image. In other words, the tools of data hiding are hidden to avoid arousing suspicion. Experimental results and analysis have shown the feasibility, applicability and superiority of the proposed method.Comment: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IdiF7M0AAAA

Graph Representation Learning for Spatial Image Steganalysis

In this paper, we introduce a graph representation learning architecture for spatial image steganalysis, which is motivated by the assumption that steganographic modifications unavoidably distort the statistical characteristics of the hidden graph features derived from cover images. In the detailed architecture, we translate each image to a graph, where nodes represent the patches of the image and edges indicate the local relationships between the patches. Each node is associated with a feature vector determined from the corresponding patch by a shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) structure. By feeding the graph to an attention network, the discriminative features can be learned for efficient steganalysis. Experiments indicate that the reported architecture achieves a competitive performance compared to the benchmark CNN model, which has shown the potential of graph learning for steganalysis.Comment: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IdiF7M0AAAAJ&hl=e

Design Of A Permanent Magnet Motor With Wide Temperature Range

We present the design of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for wide temperature range applications. The designed motor will operate within a temperature range of -60 °C up to 300 °C, have an output power of 12 kW at 12 krpm rotating speed, and maintain an efficiency greater than 90%. The design calls for good performance over a speed range of 8 krpm to 16 krpm. The stator material in the current design is Hiperco50 and the permanent magnet (PM) material is Samarium Cobalt (SmCo). Special wire insulation is applied to the stator windings. Previously, magneto motive force (MMF) was simply calculated by multiplying the total magnetic field intensity of the air gap by the length of the air gap. This method is not accurate if the designed air gap is large, such as in a PMSM design. In this paper, we have analyzed the mathematical model of the air gap and describe the MMF by an expression in terms of a logarithm function. We have analyzed the effects of temperature variations on the residual flux density, copper loss, core loss, and windage loss, etc

A pan-cancer analysis of SLC1A5 in human cancers

Background: The alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2, ASCT2 (solute carrier family 1 member 5, SLC1A5), is a major transporter of the amino acid, glutamine. Although SLC1A5 has been reported to be associated with some types of cancer, less pan-cancer analysis, which would give a comprehensive understanding of SLC1A5 across human cancers, has been carried out. Methods: We used the TCGA and GEO databases to investigate the oncogenic role of SLC1A5. We examined gene and protein expression, survival, genetic mutations, protein phosphorylation, immunocyte infiltration and the related genes correlated pathways. In HCT116 cells, SLC1A5 was silenced by siRNAs and the mRNA and protein was checked by Q-PCR and WB, respectively and the cellular function was assessed by CCK8, cell cycle and apoptosis. Results: We found that SLC1A5 was over-expressed in multiple types of cancer and that elevated expression of SLC1A5 was associated with poor survival in many cancers. The missense mutation of R330 H/C was associated with poor survival, especially in uterine carcinosarcoma. Furthermore, we found enhanced phosphorylation of S503 in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, elevated SLC1A5 expression was associated with immune cell infiltration in many cancers. KEGG and GO analysis showed that SLC1A5 and its related genes were involved in central carbon metabolism in cancer, due to their amino acid transport activity. The cellular function indicated that SLC1A5 may influence the cell proliferation by affecting DNA synthesis. Conclusions: Our findings highlighted the important role of SLC1A5 in tumorigenesis and provided insights into potential cancer treatment strategies

Design Of A High-Efficiency Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor And Inverter System

Utilization of renewable energy has become the future trend in the trucking industry. Electrical power generated from renewable energy can replace part of the fuel energy. There is usually limited space for storing on-board battery. Thus, to better utilize the battery power, it becomes critical to have an efficient energy conversion device that can transfer energy from battery to amenities such as air conditioner, microwave, TV, mini refrigerator, etc. In this work, a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can be such energy conversion device for an all-electric Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) application, which will have a desired output power of 2 kW at 2 krpm, and maintain a high efficiency greater than 90%. With our novel technology, the designed motor can adjust its speed through a DC to AC inverter to provide a variable load. For example, with high efficiency performance, the fully charged battery sets (48 volts) can supply the electrical power and cooling to the cabin for about 10 hours without recharging using the main engine. A novel design of DC to AC inverter with a high performance embedded system for driving the designed motor is developed. Advanced sensorless control is applied to the design