The Megamaser Cosmology Project. VII. Investigating disk physics using spectral monitoring observations

We use single-dish radio spectra of known 22 GHz H$_2$O megamasers, primarily gathered from the large dataset observed by the Megamaser Cosmology Project, to identify Keplerian accretion disks and to investigate several aspects of the disk physics. We test a mechanism for maser excitation proposed by Maoz & McKee (1998), whereby population inversion arises in gas behind spiral shocks traveling through the disk. Though the flux of redshifted features is larger on average than that of blueshifted features, in support of the model, the high-velocity features show none of the predicted systematic velocity drifts. We find rapid intra-day variability in the maser spectrum of ESO 558-G009 that is likely the result of interstellar scintillation, for which we favor a nearby ($D \approx 70$ pc) scattering screen. In a search for reverberation in six well-sampled sources, we find that any radially-propagating signal must be contributing $\lesssim$10% of the total variability. We also set limits on the magnetic field strengths in seven sources, using strong flaring events to check for the presence of Zeeman splitting. These limits are typically 200--300 mG ($1\sigma$), but our most stringent limits reach down to 73 mG for the galaxy NGC 1194.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Hard X-ray properties of radio-selected blazars

Hard X-ray properties of beamed AGN have been published in the 105-month Swift/BAT catalog, but there have not been any studies carried out so far on a well-defined, radio-selected sample of low-peaked blazars in the hard X-ray band. Using the statistically complete MOJAVE-1 sample, we aim to determine the hard X-ray properties of radio-selected blazars, including the enigmatic gamma-ray-faint type. Also, we aim to determine the contribution of radio-selected low-peaked blazars to the diffuse CXB. We determined photon indices, fluxes, and luminosities in the range of 20 keV - 100 keV of blazars and other extragalactic jets from the MOJAVE-1 sample, derived from the 105-month Swift/BAT survey. We calculated log N-log S distributions and the luminosity functions. The majority of the MOJAVE-1 blazars are found to be hard X-ray emitters albeit many at low count rates. The log N-log S distribution for the hard X-ray emission of radio-selected blazars is clearly non-Euclidean, in contrast to the radio flux density distribution. Approximately 0.2% of the CXB in the 20 keV - 100 keV band can be resolved into MOJAVE-1 blazars. The peculiar log N-log S distribution disparity might be attributed to different evolutionary paths in the X-ray and radio bands, as tested by luminosity-function modeling. X-ray variability can be ruled out as the dominant contributor. Low-peaked blazars constitute an intrinsically different source population in terms of CXB contribution compared to similar studies of X-ray-selected blazars. The hard X-ray flux and spectral index can serve as a good proxy for the gamma-ray detection probability of individual sources. Future observations combining deep X-ray survey, for example, with eROSITA, and targeted gamma-ray observations with CTA can benefit strongly from the tight connection between these high-energy bands for the different blazar sub-classes