A study of fabrication methods and design outcome on student perspective in an academic industrial design studio

The construction of models is an important component in the innovation and final production phase of a design project. They are the key to testing a concept to identify and correct design or usability problems. Models at each stage of the design process should accurately represent the concept and so it is important to choose fabrication methods that are appropriate for the goals of the model. The focus of this paper is to examine the relationship between the fabrication methods used for model construction during the design process and the perceived success of the final design outcome. Sixty industrial design students, both undergraduate and graduate, were surveyed about the methods used to fabricate models during the early conceptual stage and the late testing phase of an assigned design project. Their comments regarding the purpose for choosing each method and the level of contribution to the final design outcome were collected. Results from the survey are presented and potential steps for guiding students to utilize the most effective fabrication method for the design scenario are discussed.M.S

How to Use Live Streaming to Improve Consumer Purchase Intentions: Evidence from China

As a new business model, live-streaming commerce has great commercial value. This study used the stimulus–organism–response framework to explore the psychological mechanisms of how live peculiarities impact consumer behavioral responses as well as the effects of gender and platform differences, and to make clear how to choose the two dependent variables of engagement and purchase intentions. Using 454 valid questionnaires from consumers who had made purchases during live streaming, the authors employed partial least squares structural equation modeling to analysis the research model. The results suggest that interactivity, visualization, entertainment, and professionalization play considerable roles in consumer behavioral responses and that their psychological mechanisms are different. Male respondents are more satisfied with interactivity than females. E-commerce platforms are more interactive, visible and professional than social media platforms, and the trust mechanism of social media platforms is immature. If we use engagement to describe consumer behavioral responses of interactivity and purchase intentions to describe consumer behavioral responses of visualization, entertainment, and professionalization, this provides a basis for selecting the two dependent variables in live-streaming commerce. This study extends existing theoretical research on live-streaming commerce and provides some managerial implications for platforms, stores, and streamers

Movability of lacustrine shale oil: A case study of Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

Taking the Paleogene Shahejie Formation lacustrine shale in Dongying Sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, as an example, this paper makes a systematic study on the properties of shale of lower part of Sha-3 Member (Es3x) and upper part of Sha-4 Member (Es4s), including porosity, compressibility, mechanical properties, oil saturation, gas-oil ratio and oil saturation pressure by lab analysis and well log data of shale cores taken from different depths. On this basis, the movability of shale oil is discussed in terms of formation energy. According to the study results, both the elastic movable oil ratios and the solution gas driving movable oil ratios of Es3x and Es4s increase with the shale burial depth increasing, and both ratios of Es4s are generally higher than that of Es3x at the same depth. Within the depth of 2 800 – 4 000 m, the total movable oil ratio of Es3x varies from 8% to 28%, while the total movable oil ratio of Es4s varies from 9% to 30%. Combining with the profiles of oil saturation and movable oil ratio of shale, a conclusion is made that the shale of Es3x and Es4s deeper than 3 400 m in the study area are favorable objects for shale oil exploration. Key words: lacustrine shale, shale oil, movable oil, porosity, compressibility, saturation pressur

Hydrocarbon formation and accumulation of the deep Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression, Shengli Oilfield

Using geochemistry, sedimentary and petroleum geology methods, and based on the analysis of spatial distribution of deep source rocks and sedimentary organic facies, the favorable exploration prospects in the Jiyang Depression, Shengli Oilfield are studieded. There are 4 types of sedimentary organic facies (including anoxic organic facies, anaerobic organic facies, dysaerobic organic facies and aerobic organic facies) in deep source rocks of Kongdian Formation - Sha-4 Member, Paleogene. The source rocks of Anoxic facies and anaerobic facies are discovered in the Sha-4 Member and are proved as excellent source rocks, while the Kongdian Formation source rocks compose mainly of the dysaerobic facies and aerobic facies and served as common source rocks. The whole hydrocarbon expulsion process is divided into 3 stages, including free water expulsion, hydrocarbon generation and energy accumulation, and hydrocarbon expulsion from microfractures. The hydrocarbon expulsion from deep source rocks mainly occurs in the stage of hydrocarbon expulsion from microfractures, during which there are three oil and gas migration modes with different geologic conditions, including vertical migration, lateral migration and downward migration. The studies indicated that the hydrocarbons in shallow and medium formations from the Sha-4 Member excellent source rocks of anoxic and anaerobic facies are mainly accumulated through vertical migration along the faults, while the reservoirs formed by lateral migration and downward migration are still waiting to be revealed. So there is great exporation potential for the deep Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression. Key words: Jiyang Depression, Paleogene, organic facies, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mechanism, hydrocarbon migration, accumulatio

Control of pressure system development on reservoir formation in the Dongying Sag, Shengli Oilfield, East China

The zonality of abnormal pressure is closely correspondent to the breakthrough pressure (or pressure preservative ability) of mudstones in the Dongying Sag. The breakthrough pressures and formation fluid pressure coefficients rise with increasing depth. The preservation of isolated mudstone intervals is also important to the abnormal pressure formation. Based on the episodic difference of pressure buildup mechanism, source dynamic (fluid pressure in source rocks) fields of critical geologic times were analyzed in lateral plane and vertical profiles in the Dongying Sag. Source dynamic of major source rocks occurs in disequilibrium with time and space, which affects oil-gas sources and reservoir formation and controls the direction of oil-gas migration as a whole. The present reservoirs are distributed along the pressure decreasing directions. The distribution of the reservoirs is successional to the evolution of source dynamic. On the other hand, oil-gas migration and accumulation affect the distribution of formation pressure fields. The isolated mudstone intervals preserve the fluid pressures to different extents. Due to the equilibrium between pressure buildup and pressure relief, source dynamic creates different conditions in various pressure systems during its transference, which cause the differences in types and features of oil-gas reservoirs. Based on the evolutionary history of source dynamic, the reservoir forming process in the Dongying Sag was analyzed. The deep layers of the Shahejie Formation are important targets for us to discover light hydrocarbon and natural gas reservoirs with high pressures. 摘 要: 东营凹陷异常压力的分带性与泥岩的突破压力（或保存能力）具有明显的对应关系，随着深度增加，泥岩突破压力及地层流体压力系数均增大，泥岩封隔层对流体压力的保存也是形成异常压力的重要条件。基于增压机制的阶段性差异，对东营凹陷平面上及典型剖面中重要地质历史时期源动力（烃源岩流体压力）场进行了分析，主力烃源岩的源动力在时间和空间上发育不均衡，从整体上影响了储集层油气来源及油藏的形成，控制了油气运移的方向。现今油藏总体沿地质历史时期源动力场降低的方向分布，表现出油藏的分布与源动力的演化具有一定的继承性；油气运移和成藏也影响了地层压力场的分布，高压油气运移到储集层后，其泥岩封隔层不同程度地保存了流体压力。由于增压-卸压的平衡关系，源动力传递过程中在不同压力系统中构成了不同的动力条件，造成了各压力系统中油气成藏类型和特征具有一定的差异性。根据源动力的演化史，指出沙河街组深层是寻找高压轻质油藏及天然气藏的重要目标。 Key words: Dongying Sag, palaeopressure, petroleum accumulation, controlling, fillin

ID6101 Airline Aisle Chair re-design

Aisle Chair Project Summary - Team 4ID6101 in Spring 2013 engaged various stakeholders to assess and re-design aisle chairs used to transport persons with disabilities onto and off of aircraft. These are the executive summaries from each Team.Stephen Sprigl

Analysis of Unsatisfying User Experiences and Unmet Psychological Needs for Virtual Reality Exergames Using Deep Learning Approach

The number of consumers playing virtual reality games is booming. To speed up product iteration, the user experience team needs to collect and analyze unsatisfying experiences in time. In this paper, we aim to detect the unsatisfying experiences hidden in online reviews of virtual reality exergames using a deep learning method and find out the unmet psychological needs of users based on self-determination theory. Convolutional neural networks for sentence classification (textCNN) are used in this study to classify online reviews with unsatisfying experiences. For comparison, we set eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) with lexical features as the baseline of machine learning. Term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) is used to extract keywords from every set of classified reviews. The micro-F1 score of textCNN classifier is 90.00, which is better than 82.69 of XGBoost. The top 10 keywords of every set of reviews reflect relevant topics of unmet psychological needs. This paper explores the potential problems causing unsatisfying experiences and unmet psychological needs in virtual reality exergames through text mining and makes a supplement for experimental studies about virtual reality exergames

Study of Influence of Boundary Condition of Diffuser with Non-Uniform Velocity on the Jet Characteristics and Indoor Flow Field

In practice, the outflow from a diffuser is highly non-uniform due to many reasons. However, the air outflow velocity from a diffuser is uniform in most current studies. Little research has been conducted to determine under what conditions uniform velocity can be used. Therefore, based on the non-uniformity of velocity, airflow characteristics of grille and ceiling diffusers were investigated experimentally and numerically. Two generic CFD cases (non-uniform and uniform velocity) are presented. The velocity field near the diffuser is investigated with measurements in order to determine velocity-inlet boundary conditions. The study shows that the uniform velocity-inlet boundary condition can be considered accurate only under certain conditions. For the grille diffuser, the aspect ratio affects the distribution of the outflow velocity. Using uniform velocity as the velocity-inlet boundary condition for the grille diffuser would result in at least a 14.2% error in the jet region, except when the outflow aspect ratio is 1 and the average velocity is greater than 1.83 m/s. However, when the average velocity of the ceiling diffuser is 3.64 m/s, the error of using uniform velocity as the velocity-inlet boundary condition reaches 58.3%. This study provides the basis for determining the velocity-inlet boundary conditions during numerical simulations

A novel change detection method using remotely sensed image time series value and shape based dynamic time warping

Satellite image time series change detection methods provide comprehensive understanding of land cover changes. Traditional bi-temporal change detection methods in satellite image time series require consistent time series lengths and use only time series value or shape to calculate change magnitude maps, which may not fully utilize land cover change information. To address this challenge, we propose a change detection method using remotely sensed image time series value and shape based dynamic time warping (TSVS). Change magnitude maps were obtained from the time series trajectories of NDVI and MNDWI using time series value-based dynamic time warping method and time series shape-based dynamic time warping method. Change detection results were derived by clustering the polar coordinate space of time series value and shape using Gaussian mixture model method. Experiments using Landsat images show that the TSVS method improves about 2.75–5.10% compared to the CVA_GMM method, reducing the generation of false alarms