Dynamic Melting of Freezing Droplets on Ultraslippery Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Condensed droplet freezing and freezing droplet melting phenomena on the prepared ultraslippery superhydrophobic surface were observed and discussed in this study. Although the freezing delay performance of the surface is common, the melting of the freezing droplets on the surface is quite interesting. Three self-propelled movements of the melting droplets (ice– water mixture) were found including the droplet rotating, the droplet jumping, and the droplet sliding. The melting droplet rotating, which means that the melting droplet rotates spontaneously on the superhydrophobic surface like a spinning top, is first reported in this study and may have some potential applications in various engineering fields. The melting droplet jumping and sliding are similar to those occurring during condensation but have larger size scale and motion scale, as the melting droplets have extra-large specific surface area with much more surface energy available. These self-propelled movements make all the melting droplets on the superhydrophobic surface dynamic, easily removed, which may be promising for the anti-icing/frosting applications

Dynamic Melting of Freezing Droplets on Ultraslippery Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Condensed droplet freezing and freezing droplet melting phenomena on the prepared ultraslippery superhydrophobic surface were observed and discussed in this study. Although the freezing delay performance of the surface is common, the melting of the freezing droplets on the surface is quite interesting. Three self-propelled movements of the melting droplets (ice– water mixture) were found including the droplet rotating, the droplet jumping, and the droplet sliding. The melting droplet rotating, which means that the melting droplet rotates spontaneously on the superhydrophobic surface like a spinning top, is first reported in this study and may have some potential applications in various engineering fields. The melting droplet jumping and sliding are similar to those occurring during condensation but have larger size scale and motion scale, as the melting droplets have extra-large specific surface area with much more surface energy available. These self-propelled movements make all the melting droplets on the superhydrophobic surface dynamic, easily removed, which may be promising for the anti-icing/frosting applications

Investigating global phase diagrams (GPDs) with reentrant transition behavior - Fig 1

<p>The 3D global phase diagram of the exchange parameter <i>J</i>₀ against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for Ω₀ = 1.10 and for (a) n = 1.5, m = 2.2, and (b) n = 1.0, m = 2.2.</p

Dynamic Melting of Freezing Droplets on Ultraslippery Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Condensed droplet freezing and freezing droplet melting phenomena on the prepared ultraslippery superhydrophobic surface were observed and discussed in this study. Although the freezing delay performance of the surface is common, the melting of the freezing droplets on the surface is quite interesting. Three self-propelled movements of the melting droplets (ice– water mixture) were found including the droplet rotating, the droplet jumping, and the droplet sliding. The melting droplet rotating, which means that the melting droplet rotates spontaneously on the superhydrophobic surface like a spinning top, is first reported in this study and may have some potential applications in various engineering fields. The melting droplet jumping and sliding are similar to those occurring during condensation but have larger size scale and motion scale, as the melting droplets have extra-large specific surface area with much more surface energy available. These self-propelled movements make all the melting droplets on the superhydrophobic surface dynamic, easily removed, which may be promising for the anti-icing/frosting applications

Investigating global phase diagrams (GPDs) with reentrant transition behavior - Fig 3

<p>The 3D global phase diagram of the transverse field parameter Ω₀ against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for <i>J</i>₀ = 1.10 and for (a) n = 0.6, m = 0.6, and (b) n = 1.6, m = 1.8.</p

The 3D global phase diagram of the exponent n against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for fixed values of <i>J</i>₀ = 1.10, Ω₀ = 1.11, m = 2.2.

<p>The 3D global phase diagram of the exponent n against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for fixed values of <i>J</i>₀ = 1.10, Ω₀ = 1.11, m = 2.2.</p

The 3D global phase diagram of the exponent m against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for fixed values of <i>J</i>₀ = 1.25,n = 1.6,Ω₀ = 1.8.

<p>The 3D global phase diagram of the exponent m against temperature <i>t</i> and concentration <i>ρ</i> for fixed values of <i>J</i>₀ = 1.25,n = 1.6,Ω₀ = 1.8.</p

Biomimetic Choline-Like Graphene Oxide Composites for Neurite Sprouting and Outgrowth

Neurodegenerative diseases or acute injuries of the nervous system always lead to neuron loss and neurite damage. Thus, the development of effective methods to repair these damaged neurons is necessary. The construction of biomimetic materials with specific physicochemical properties is a promising solution to induce neurite sprouting and guide the regenerating nerve. Herein, we present a simple method for constructing biomimetic graphene oxide (GO) composites by covalently bonding an acetylcholine-like unit (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, DMAEMA) or phosphorylcholine-like unit (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, MPC) onto GO surfaces to enhance neurite sprouting and outgrowth. The resulting GO composites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV–vis spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle analyses. Primary rat hippocampal neurons were used to investigate nerve cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on these biomimetic GO composites. GO–DMAEMA and GO–MPC composites provide the desired biomimetic properties for superior biocompatibility without affecting cell viability. At 2 to 7 days after cell seeding was performed, the number of neurites and average neurite length on GO–DMAEMA and GO–MPC composites were significantly enhanced compared with the control GO. In addition, analysis of growth-associate protein-43 (GAP-43) by Western blot showed that GAP-43 expression was greatly improved in biomimetic GO composite groups compared to GO groups, which might promote neurite sprouting and outgrowth. All the results demonstrate the potential of DMAEMA- and MPC-modified GO composites as biomimetic materials for neural interfacing and provide basic information for future biomedical applications of graphene oxide

Ultrathin Amorphous Alumina Nanoparticles with Quantum-Confined Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Blue Photoluminescence as Fluorescent Biological Labels

Ultrathin alumina nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of less than 4 nm are produced from porous anodic alumina membranes. The alumina NPs in a suspension produce strong blue tunable photoluminescence (PL) with a high quantum efficiency of ∼15% and Stokes shift as large as 1.0 eV. An obvious blue-shift and diminished line width are observed after storing the suspension in air. The tunable blue PL which is closely related to the oxygen vacancy (OV) defect centers at different depths beneath the surface depends on the NP size. The experimental observations are corroborated by theoretical derivation demonstrating that the electron wave functions of the OV-induced defect levels are extended in space, and quantum confinement takes place when the alumina NP is smaller than the spread of the wave functions. It is thus possible to control the PL behavior by changing the NP size and OV depth distribution and the alumina NPs are experimentally demonstrated to be robust and nontoxic biological probes

Chronicity Index of Kidney Samples

<p>Histology from patient 40 is shown on the left, demonstrating a normal glomerulus (G), tubules and interstitial space (T), and arteriole (A), respectively (chronicity score of zero). Histology from patient 62 is shown on the right, demonstrating glomerulosclerosis (g), tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis (t), and arterial intimal hyalinosis (a), respectively (chronicity score of ten). Hematoxylin and eosin staining of paraffin-embedded sections.</p