Global nonexistence of solutions for the viscoelastic wave equation of Kirchhoff type with high energy

In this paper we consider the viscoelastic wave equation of Kirchhoff type: $$u_{tt}-M(\|\nabla u\|_{2}^{2})\Delta u+\int_{0}^{t}g(t-s)\Delta u(s){\rm d}s+u_{t}=|u|^{p-1}u$$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Under some suitable assumptions on $g$ and the initial data, we established a global nonexistence result for certain solutions with arbitrarily high energy.Comment: 12 page

Social capital for rural revitalization in China: A critical evaluation on the government's new countryside programme in Chengdu

In the context of urbanisation and decline of its countryside in the 21 st century, the Chinese government has initiated a campaign namely "building a socialist new countryside" in 2006 which is now renamed as "rural revitalisation". Bringing together social capital, government intervention and other capital, we argue that rural revitalisation can be viewed as a process of the interaction between land transfer and community building leading to multiple gains of all stakeholders. Given the predomination of top-down government intervention and external capital investment in its campaign, this paper sheds new light on social capital in terms of not only mobilising community members' participation, but also reaching a balance with interests of government and other stakeholders. The importance of social capital can be illustrated from critical evaluation on governmental pilot projects in the suburban zone of Chengdu, a model municipal in China in urban-rural integration. In particular, this paper aims to address the following questions: How does social capital engage and contribute to rural restructuring for sustainable rural livelihoods? What role can social capital play in the decision making of land transfer and community building? This paper contributes to rural revitalisation and land use debates in three aspects. Firstly, we post a triangular model by bringing together government intervention, social and other capital to emphasize the interwoven nature of the relationship between land transfer and community building for better understanding of the intrinsic dynamics within the communities and their interests interfaced with external stakeholders. Secondly, with respect to the impact of land transfer on sustainable livelihoods, we propose an evaluation framework to account and compare 2 the roles of social capital against government intervention and other conditions in land transfer decision making. Thirdly, applying the above framework to sample villages, we identify three types of rural restructuring: government-led, farmer self-organising, and returned entrepreneur-oriented. Policy implications and further research direction are discussed

Being a morning man has causal effects on the cerebral cortex: a Mendelian randomization study

IntroductionNumerous studies have suggested a connection between circadian rhythm and neurological disorders with cognitive and consciousness impairments in humans, yet little evidence stands for a causal relationship between circadian rhythm and the brain cortex.MethodsThe top 10,000 morningness-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics were used to filter the instrumental variables. GWAS summary statistics from the ENIGMA Consortium were used to assess the causal relationship between morningness and variates like cortical thickness (TH) or surficial area (SA) on the brain cortex. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and weighted median (WM) were used as the major estimates whereas MR-Egger, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel-plot were used for heterogeneity and pleiotropy detecting.ResultsRegionally, morningness decreased SA of the rostral middle frontal gyrus with genomic control (IVW: β = −24.916 mm, 95% CI: −47.342 mm to −2.490 mm, p = 0.029. WM: β = −33.208 mm, 95% CI: −61.933 mm to −4.483 mm, p = 0.023. MR Egger: β < 0) and without genomic control (IVW: β = −24.581 mm, 95% CI: −47.552 mm to −1.609 mm, p = 0.036. WM: β = −32.310 mm, 95% CI: −60.717 mm to −3.902 mm, p = 0.026. MR Egger: β < 0) on a nominal significance, with no heterogeneity or no outliers.Conclusions and implicationsCircadian rhythm causally affects the rostral middle frontal gyrus; this sheds new light on the potential use of MRI in disease diagnosis, revealing the significance of circadian rhythm on the progression of disease, and might also suggest a fresh therapeutic approach for disorders related to the rostral middle frontal gyrus-related

Exponential energy decay of solutions for a system of viscoelastic wave equations of Kirchhoff type with strong damping

The initial boundary value problem for a system of viscoelastic wave equations of Kirchhoff type with strong damping is considered. We prove that, under suitable assumptions on relaxation functions and certain initial data, the decay rate of the solutions energy is exponential

Temperature-Controlled Divergent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole Derivatives via Iridium Catalysis

We have achieved an Ir(III)-catalyzed temperature-controlled divergent synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkenes and pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole derivatives through C−H alkenylation/DG migration and [3+2] annulation, respectively. This method has various advantageous features: a) excellent regio- and stereoselectivity and good functional group tolerance, b) broad substrate scope and moderate to excellent yields, c) mild redox-neutral reaction conditions and operational simplicity

Construction of sterile system of Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.

The stems of male and female strains of Bison grass (Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.) were taken as explants, and 1 / 2MS and MS medium were used, and different concentrations of NAA, KT and 6-BA were added to study the rapid propagation technology of ferison grass. Results indicated that 75% alcohol was treated for 30s with another 0.1 g ꞏL-1The disinfection effect of mercury solution for 12 min; The MS + 1.5 mg ꞏL-1 NAA + 0.4 mg ꞏL-1 KT female strain showed the best induction effect, The MS + 1.5 mg ꞏL-1 NAA + 0.6 mg ꞏL-1 KT male strain had the best induction effect; 1 / 2 MS + 2 mg + L-1 NAA + 1.5 mg ꞏL-1 6-BA the female and male strains had the best proliferation effect; The highest number of roots and root root rate of 1 / 2 MS + 1.5 mg ꞏL-1 female and male NAA strains were combined