12 research outputs found
The influence of social comparison on risk decision-making for self and groups in intergroup contexts
Objective The current study aims to explore the influence of social comparison on risk decision-making for self and for groups in intergroup contexts. Method Two experiments with the within-subjects design of 2 (social comparison: upward comparison, downward comparison) × 3 (decision-maker role: for “me”, for “us”, for “them”) were conducted in this study. Experiment 1 focused on the ingroup contexts, and experiment 2 focused on the outgroup contexts. Results (1) in outgroup contexts, individuals are more risk-seeking in upward comparison conditions than in downward comparison conditions. However, the difference disappears in ingroup contexts. (2) Making decisions for “them” is riskier than making decisions for “me” and for “us” with no significant differences between the latter two and consistent across intergroup contexts. (3) The difference in risk decisions made amid upward and downward comparisons is amplified for decisions made for groups. Conclusion The findings may support the selective accessibility model and provide an interpretation with responsibility alleviation for self-group differences in risk decision-making
The Mechanism of Electrolyte Gating on High-Tc Cuprates The Role of Oxygen Migration and Electrostatics
10.1021/acsnano.7b03978ACS Nano119950 - 995
Efficient Metabolic Fingerprinting of Follicular Fluid Encodes Ovarian Reserve and Fertility
Abstract Ovarian reserve (OR) and fertility are critical in women's healthcare. Clinical methods for encoding OR and fertility rely on the combination of tests, which cannot serve as a multi‐functional platform with limited information from specific biofluids. Herein, metabolic fingerprinting of follicular fluid (MFFF) from follicles is performed, using particle‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (PALDI‐MS) to encode OR and fertility. PALDI‐MS allows efficient MFFF, showing fast speed (≈30 s), high sensitivity (≈60 fmol), and desirable reproducibility (coefficients of variation <15%). Further, machine learning of MFFF is applied to diagnose diminished OR (area under the curve of 0.929) and identify high‐quality oocytes/embryos (p < 0.05) by a single PALDI‐MS test. Meanwhile, metabolic biomarkers from MFFF are identified, which also determine oocyte/embryo quality (p < 0.05) from the sampling follicles toward fertility prediction in clinics. This approach offers a powerful platform in women's healthcare, not limited to OR and fertility
The Mechanism of Electrolyte Gating on HighTc Cuprates: The Role of Oxygen Migration and Electrostatics
Anti-diabetic potential of apigenin, luteolin, and baicalein via partially activating PI3K/Akt/Glut-4 signaling pathways in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells
Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities. In this study, apigenin, luteolin, and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in high-glucose and dexamethasone induced insulin-resistant (IR) HepG2 cells. All flavonoids improves the glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis abilities in IR-HepG2 cells via activating glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT4) and phosphor-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3β). These flavonoids significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which were closely related to the suppression of the phosphorylation form of NF-κB and P65. The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in IR-HepG2 cells were all partially activated by the flavonoids, with variable effects. Furthermore, the intracellular metabolic conditions of the flavonoids were also evaluated
The Mechanism of Electrolyte Gating on High‑<i>T</i><sub><i>c</i></sub> Cuprates: The Role of Oxygen Migration and Electrostatics
Electrolyte
gating is widely used to induce large carrier density
modulation on solid surfaces to explore various properties. Most of
past works have attributed the charge modulation to electrostatic
field effect. However, some recent reports have argued that the electrolyte
gating effect in VO<sub>2</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, and SrTiO<sub>3</sub> originated from field-induced oxygen vacancy formation. This gives
rise to a controversy about the gating mechanism, and it is therefore
vital to reveal the relationship between the role of electrolyte gating
and the intrinsic properties of materials. Here, we report entirely
different mechanisms of electrolyte gating on two high-<i>T</i><sub><i>c</i></sub> cuprates, NdBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7−δ</sub> (NBCO) and Pr<sub>2–<i>x</i></sub>Ce<sub><i>x</i></sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> (PCCO), with
different crystal structures. We show that field-induced oxygen vacancy
formation in CuO chains of NBCO plays the dominant role, while it
is mainly an electrostatic field effect in the case of PCCO. The possible
reason is that NBCO has mobile oxygen in CuO chains, while PCCO does
not. Our study helps clarify the controversy relating to the mechanism
of electrolyte gating, leading to a better understanding of the role
of oxygen electro migration which is very material specific