Grand-averaged ERP waveforms and ERP scalp distribution results elicited by the Up shift of the F0.

<p>Left panel represents ERPs elicited in predictable and unpredictable experimental conditions measured at two electrode sites that were submitted for statistical analyses. Blue vertical bar depicts time window at which the mean amplitude of the ERP difference wave was measured for the statistical analyses. Right panel represents scalp distribution of N1 response in predictable (top) and unpredictable (middle) experimental conditions as well as the scalp distribution of the ERP difference wave (bottom).</p

Grand-averaged ERP waveforms and ERP scalp distribution results elicited by the Down shift of the F0.

<p>Left panel represents ERPs elicited in predictable and unpredictable experimental conditions measured a two electrode sites that were submitted for statistical analyses. Blue vertical bar depicted time window at which the mean amplitude of the ERP difference wave was measured for the statistical analyses. Right panel represents scalp distribution of N1 response in predictable (top) and unpredictable (middle) experimental conditions as well as the scalp distribution of the ERP difference wave (bottom).</p

Voice perturbation paradigm and behavioral study results.

<p>(A) Schematic illustration of voice output and perturbation stimuli. (B) Schematic representation of experimental conditions showing upward and downward pitch shifts in the unpredictable (top) and predictable conditions (bottom 2 rows). (C) Behavioral (voice) results. Grand-averaged F0 traces across all subjects separately for “Up” and “Down” stimuli with unpredictable and predictable experimental conditions. Thick lines show opposing and thin lines “following” responses. Vertical bars illustrate standard deviations of the averaged F0 traces. Vertical dashed lines represent pitch shift stimuli onset.</p