Procurement and logistics of immunochromatographic tests for identification of bacteria of the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex in positive culture isolates in national TB reference laboratories of 15 high endemic countries.

<p>NRL: national TB reference laboratory, ICT: immunochromatographic test, Y: Yes, N: No, DNK: Did not know, n.a.: not applicable, Room: Room temperature, Tauns: Capilia TB assay (Tauns, Japan), SD: TB Ag MPT64 Rapid assay (SD Bio Standard Diagnostic, India/South Korea), BD: BD MGITTM TBc Identification Test (BD Diagnostics, USA).</p>1<p>List of countries eligible for negotiated pricing schemes for immunochromatic speciation tests as shown on the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) website (<a href="http://www.finddiagnostics.org/about/what_we_do/successes/find-negotiated-prices/bactec-mgit.html" target="_blank">http://www.finddiagnostics.org/about/what_we_do/successes/find-negotiated-prices/bactec-mgit.html</a>).</p>2<p>Also mentioned Genotype MTBDRplus (Hain, Germany) and GeneXpert (Cepheid, USA).</p>3<p>Mentioned AccuProbe (GenProbe, USA).</p

Order in which different laboratory tests for identification of bacteria of the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex in positive culture isolates are performed in national TB reference laboratories of 15 high endemic countries.

<p>NRL: national TB reference laboratory, AFB: acid fast bacilli, MTB: <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.</p>*<p>NRL indicated the type of tests performed, but not the order in which these tests were performed.</p

Diagnostic development pipeline.

<p>The status of the pipeline for new diagnostics for tuberculosis in July 2011 and the placement of liquid culture and rapid speciation tests within it. Reproduced from ‘Global tuberculosis control: WHO report 2011’ with permission.</p

Pictures from malaria parasites stained with a regular Giemsa stain and visualized by light microscopy (field 100× oil immersion) taken with mobile phone cameras with different resolutions.

<p>Panel 2A shows a 2 MP image and panel 2C a 5MP image of malaria parasites. Inside the black circles different stages of the parasites (schizonts and gametocytes) are visible. The middle panel 2B shows a 3MP image of a white blood cell and inside the black circle, malaria trophozoites.</p

Sex, age, newly found leprosy patients by cluster.

1<p>M/F ratio = male/female ratio.</p>2<p>Registered prevalence (at sub-district level) per 10,000 population per September 30, 2002, before the survey.</p

Prevalence of previously undiagnosed leprosy (PPUL) per 10,000 in the subgroups of the contact population of the COLEP study [13] and in the general population sample.

1<p>95% CI = 95% confidence interval for PPUL.</p

Data transfer system forms.

<p>Illustrated above is the test form on the end user's mobile phone. The image below shows the website page model for receiving the data (image, sample type and locations specifications). Images can be enlarged on the site and comments to image sent back to the requester through a text message.</p

A 5MP image of an auramine stained sputum sample captured in our European laboratory.

<p>The image was captured with a Nokia C3 mobile phone on a Nikon AFX-IIA microscope (field 40×). <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> is depicted in the center and a magnification of the bacterium is shown at the bottom of the image.</p

Model structure to calculate benefits (newly diagnosed leprosy patients) and costs of chemoprophylaxis with single dose rifampicin.

<p>Model structure to calculate benefits (newly diagnosed leprosy patients) and costs of chemoprophylaxis with single dose rifampicin.</p

Summary of total costs in the two treatment arms (in US$).

<p>Summary of total costs in the two treatment arms (in US$).</p