Consumers\u27 Misunderstanding of Health Insurance.

We report results from two surveys of representative samples of Americans with private health insurance. The first examines how well Americans understand, and believe they understand, traditional health insurance coverage. The second examines whether those insured under a simplified all-copay insurance plan will be more likely to engage in cost-reducing behaviors relative to those insured under a traditional plan with deductibles and coinsurance, and measures consumer preferences between the two plans. The surveys provide strong evidence that consumers do not understand traditional plans and would better understand a simplified plan, but weaker evidence that a simplified plan would have strong appeal to consumers or change their healthcare choices

Consumers’ Misunderstanding of Health Insurance

We report results from two surveys of representative samples of Americans with private health insurance. The first examines how well Americans understand, and believe they understand, traditional health insurance coverage. The second examines whether those insured under a simplified all-copay insurance plan will be more likely to engage in cost-reducing behaviors relative to those insured under a traditional plan with deductibles and coinsurance, and measures consumer preferences between the two plans. The surveys provide strong evidence that consumers do not understand traditional plans and would better understand a simplified plan, but weaker evidence that a simplified plan would have strong appeal to consumers or change their healthcare choices.Economic

Finite element simulation of the dynamic behaviour of deep drawn components with accurate thickness description

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. In this paper we consider the simulation of the dynamic behaviour of deep drawn components by means of the finite element method (FEM). The deep drawing process involves high deformations which result in an irregular thickness distribution in the manufactured component. The thickness variation therefore has to be taken into account in the dynamic FEM simulation, since a reference model based on the initial thickness of the blank material often fails to accurately represent the dynamic properties of the final component. In order to properly account for this variation, two approaches are considered in this paper: the first one consists in simulating the forming procedure with the FEM and subsequently using the resulting geometry for the dynamic analysis. The second approach consists in the generation of an FEM model for the dynamic analysis starting from laser scan measurements on the manufactured component. Both approaches are analysed in detail and are validated with experimental measurements. It is found that the framework based on surface measurements provides slightly more accurate results but the purely numerical procedure is still a useful and faster methodology to obtain engineering accuracy.status: publishe