The independent variables associated with the GB benign diseases by multiple logistic regression analysis.

*<p>The reference group is dotted intralesional vessels. # The reference group is intact wall on CEUS.</p

Morphological type and intralesional blood vessels in the gallbladder lesion.

<p>Upper left, polypoid type; upper middle, thickened-wall type; upper right, mass-forming type. Lower left, scattered blood vessels; lower middle, linear blood vessels; lower right, branched blood vessels.</p

Cholesterol polyp in gallbladder.

<p>Upper left, color flow imaging shows intralesional vascularity in the polyp (arrow); Upper right, the lesion (arrow) shows hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase; Lower left, the lesion (arrow) shows iso-enhancement during the venous phase.</p

Adenomyomatosis in gallbladder.

<p>Upper left, conventional ultrasound shows a slight hypoechoic mass (arrow) in the gallbladder; Upper right, the lesion (arrow) shows inhomogeneous hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase; Lower left, the lesion (arrow) shows hypo-enhancement during the venous phase.</p

Adenocarcinoma in gallbladder.

<p>Upper left, conventional ultrasound shows an isoechoic mass (arrow) and a stone (arrowhead) in the gallbladder; Upper right, color flow imaging shows intralesional vascularity (arrow); Lower left, the lesion (arrow) shows hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase and the infiltration (arrowhead) to the adjacent liver is seen; Lower right, the lesion (arrow) shows hypo-enhancement during the venous phase and the infiltration (arrowhead) to the adjacent liver is seen.</p

Basic characteristics and baseline US characteristics of the patients with gallbladder diseases.

*<p>Comparisons between malignant and benign gallbladder diseases.</p

Enhancement features of the gallbladder diseases on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

*<p>Comparisons between malignant and benign gallbladder diseases. ^# n = 129 after excluding the 12 lesions of biliary sludge in the categories of intralesional vessel, enhancement pattern and enhancement extent. NA, not applicable.</p

Intactness of the gallbladder wall on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

<p>Left, the gallbladder wall (arrow) beneath an adenoma is intact. Right, the gallbladder wall (arrow) beneath a cancer (arrowheads) is destructed and the infiltration to the adjacent liver (arrow) is observed.</p

ROC analyses of the independent variables in differentiating malignant from benign GB diseases.

*<p>Numbers in the parenthesis indicate 95% confidence interval.</p

The advantage of CEUS measures over conventional US in the diagnosis of GB diseases.

<p>“+” means positive and “−” means negative.</p