Comparison of the amounts of physical activity and insufficient physical activity (n = 286).

<p>Weight status: underweight, BMI <15th percentile; average weight, BMI 15th to 85th percentile; overweight, BMI 85th to 95th percentile; and obese, BMI >95th percentile.</p><p>Socio-economic status: high, Social Classes 1 and 2 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; medium, Social Classes 3 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; low, Social Classes 4 and 5 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status.</p><p>Family support level: low, below the 50th of the percentile scores; high, above the 50th of the percentile scores.</p><p>PEF, Peak expiratory flow; insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity.</p><p>Comparison of the amounts of physical activity and insufficient physical activity (n = 286).</p

Physical activity amount, family support score and socio-demographic variables between adolescents with non-asthma and adolescents with asthma.

<p>Insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity for adolescents.</p><p>Physical activity amount, family support score and socio-demographic variables between adolescents with non-asthma and adolescents with asthma.</p

Distribution of demographic data among adolescents with asthma (N = 286).

<p>Weight status: underweight, BMI <15th percentile; average weight, BMI 15th to 85th percentile; overweight, BMI 85th to 95th percentile; and obese, BMI >95th percentile.</p><p>Socio-economic status: high, Social Classes 1 and 2 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; medium, Social Classes 3 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status; low, Social Classes 4 and 5 of Hollingshead's Socio-economic status.</p><p>Family support level: low, below the 50th of the percentile scores; high, above the 50th of the percentile scores.</p><p>PEF, Peak expiratory flow.</p><p>Insufficient physical activity, less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity.</p><p>Distribution of demographic data among adolescents with asthma (N = 286).</p

Spleen mRNA expression.

<p>Spleen mRNA expression in Foxp3, IL-10, IFN-γ, GATA-3, and RORγt were decreased in hIN and lmwhIN groups. #p = 0.05.</p

Serum Der p-specific IgE levels.

<p>Serum Der p-specific IgE levels were significantly decreased in hIN and lmwhIN groups. Control group, mIT group, hIN group, and lmwhIN group were analyzed. ^★p<0.00000001, p<0.000001.</p

Cytokine levels in supernatants from splenocyte culture stimulated with mite.

<p>Cytokine levels in splenocyte supernatants are shown in this figure. Due to the large differences between cytokines level, we showed each cytokine level as a percentage of the corresponding level in the mIT group. The levels of mIT group are as follows: TGF-beta 2448.25±136.31 pg/mL, IL-10 5.93±0.98 pg/mL, IFN-γ 16.27±8.80 ng/mL, IL-13 2102.10±269.55 pg/mL, IL-4 159.40±20.51 pg/mL, IL-17A/F 708.6±374.52 pg/mL. ^⊚p = 0.012, *p = 0.005, **p = 0.013, ^#p = 0.034, ^@p = 0.0038, ^&p = 0.037,^$p = 0.033, p = 0.001, ^★p = 0.001, ^⊙p = 0.005, ^▴p = 0.034.</p

The animal protocol of this study.

<p>MIT group, heparin IN (hIN) group and low-molecular-weight heparin IN (lmwhIN) group were sensitized twice with Der p allergen subcutaneously on day 1 and day 8. Der p allergen was administered intratracheally on day 15. The hIN and lmwhIN groups were treated with heparin or lmw heparin intranasally from days 1 to 22. Splenocytes from sacrificed mice stimulated with Der p 16 ug/ml were cultured for 72 hours.</p