Intramuscular Hemangioma of the Temporalis Muscle With Incidental Finding of Bilateral Symmetric Calcification of the Basal Ganglia: A Case Report

We report an 11-year-old boy whose brain computed tomography findings incidentally revealed bilateral basal ganglia calcification. He was symptom-free and had no abnormal neurological findings. He was diagnosed with Fahr's disease based on radiological findings and after excluding other etiologies such as infection, metabolic disorders, congenital malformation and malignancies. Most of the reported cases display an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Although Fahr's disease is a rare cause of basal ganglia calcification in children, this disease should be considered in children with a family history of neuropsychiatric disorders

Analysis of 10086 Microarray Gene Expression Data Uncovers Genes that Subclassify Breast Cancer Intrinsic Subtypes

Breast cancer is a complex disease comprising molecularly distinct subtypes. The prognosis and treatment differ between subtypes; thus, it is important to distinguish one subtype from another. In this chapter, we make use of high-throughput microarray dataset to perform breast cancer subtyping of 10086 samples. Aside from the four major subtypes, that is, Basal-like, HER2-enriched, luminal A, and luminal B, we defined a normal-like subtype that has a gene expression profile similar to that found in normal and adjacent normal breast samples. Also, a group of luminal B-like samples with better prognosis was distinguished from the high-risk luminal B breast cancer. We additionally identified 33 surface-protein encoding genes whose gene expression profiles were associated with survival outcomes. We believe these genes are potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer

Decoration of graphene nanoribbons by 5d5d transition-metal elements

Graphene is a famous truly two-dimensional (2D) material, possessing a cone-like energy structure near the Fermi level and treated as a gapless semiconductor. Its unique properties trigger researchers to find applications of it. The gapless feature shrinks the development of graphene nanoelectronics. Making one-dimensional (1D) strips of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) could be one of the promising routes to modulating the electronic and optical properties of graphene. The electronic and optical properties of GNRs are highly sensitive to the edge and width. The tunability in electronic and optical properties further implies the possibilities of GNR application. However, the dangling bonds at ribbon edges remain an open question in GNR systems. Various passivation at the ribbon edge might change the essential physical properties. In this work, $5d$ transition-metal elements are considered as the guest atoms at the edges. The geometric structure, energy bands, density of states, charge distribution, and optical transitions are discussed

Protein domain repetition is enriched in Streptococcal cell-surface proteins

AbstractTandem repetition of domain in protein sequence occurs in all three domains of life. It creates protein diversity and adds functional complexity in organisms. In this work, we analyzed 52 streptococcal genomes and found 3748 proteins contained domain repeats. Proteins not harboring domain repeats are significantly enriched in cytoplasm, whereas proteins with domain repeats are significantly enriched in cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall and extracellular locations. Domain repetition occurs most frequently in S. pneumoniae and least in S. thermophilus and S. pyogenes. DUF1542 is the highest repeated domain in a single protein, followed by Rib, CW_binding_1, G5 and HemolysinCabind. 3D structures of 24 repeat-containing proteins were predicted to investigate the structural and functional effect of domain repetition. Several repeat-containing streptococcal cell surface proteins are known to be virulence-associated. Surface-associated tandem domain-containing proteins without experimental functional characterization may be potentially involved in the pathogenesis of streptococci and deserve further investigation

Effect of Samarium doping on the nucleation of fcc-Aluminum in undercooled liquids

The effect of Sm doping on the fcc-Al nucleation was investigated in Al-Sm liquids with low Sm concentrations (xSm) with molecular dynamics simulations. The nucleation in the moderately undercooled liquid is achieved by the recently developed persistent-embryo method. Systematically computing the nucleation rate with different xSm (xSm=0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%) at 700 K, we found Sm dopant reduces the nucleation rate by up to 25 orders of magnitudes with only 5% doping concentration. This effect is mostly associated with the increase in the free energy barrier with a minor contribution from suppression of the attachment to the nucleus caused by Sm doping.Comment: 4 figure