Renormalization of K+K−→π0π+π−K^+ K^- \to \pi^0\pi^+\pi^-

We derive the vertices of five-meson and seven-meson anomaly processes from the four dimensional expansion form of Wess-Zumino term. Using these vertices we calculate the amplitude, both the finite part and divergent part, of {$K^+ K^- \rightarrow \pi^0 \pi^+ \pi^-$} to one loop and renormalize the lagrangian. The divergent part agrees with the result derived from path integral approach. Contribution from counter terms is estimated by using the vector meson dominance model. Test of the vertex in the $t$-channel of $K^- P\rightarrow\Sigma^0\pi^0\pi^+\pi^-$ near the threshold is discussed. We find that the amplitudes arising from chiral loop and counter terms are of opposite sign and the counter term amplitude is about twice the loop amplitude.Comment: 13 pages, latex, 7 figures unencoded and can be obtained by reques

Magnetoelectronic states of a monolayer graphite

The Peierl's tight-binding model, with the band Hamiltonian matrix, is used to calculate the magnetoelectronic structure of a monolayergraphite. There are many flat Landau levels and some oscillatory Landau levels. The low Landau-level energies are characterized by a simple relation, not for others. State degeneracy is, respectively, fourfold degenerate and doubly degenerate at low and high energies. The level spacing declines quickly and then grows gradually in the increase of state energy. The main features of electronic properties are directly reflected in density of states. The predicted results could be verified by the optical spectroscopy.Comment: 9 pages and 4 figure

Modulation effects on Landau levels in a monolayer graphene

A monolayer graphene exists in an environment where a uniform magnetic field interacts a spatially modulated magnetic field. The spatially modulated magnetic field could affect Landau levels due to a uniform magnetic field. The modulation effects on Landau levels are investigated through the Peierl's tight-binding model. The magneto-electronic properties are dominated by the period, the strength, and the direction of a spatially modulated magnetic field. Such a field could induce the growth in dimensionality, the change of energy dispersions, the destroy of state degeneracy, and the creation of band-edge states. There are a robust Landau level at Fermi level and 1D parabolic subbands located around the original Landau levels, which make density of states exhibit a delta-function-like structure and many pairs of asymmetric peak structure, respectively. The density of states and the energies of band-edge states strongly depend on the strength, but not on the period and the direction.Comment: 11 pages,4 figure

Dynamic response of some tentative compliant wall structures to convected turbulence fields

Some tentative compliant wall structures designed for possible skin friction drag reduction are investigated. Among the structural models considered is a ribbed membrane backed by polyurethane or PVS plastisol. This model is simplified as a beam placed on a viscoelastic foundation as well as on a set of evenly spaced supports. The total length of the beam may be either finite or infinite, and the supports may be either rigid or elastic. Another structural model considered is a membrane mounted over a series of pretensioned wires, also evenly spaced, and the entire membrane is backed by an air cavity. The forcing pressure field is idealized as a frozen random pattern convected downstream at a characteristic velocity. The results are given in terms of the frequency response functions of the system, the spectral density of the structural motion, and the spectral density of the boundary layer pressure including the effect of structural motion. These results are used in a parametric study of structural configurations capable of generating favorable wave lengths, wave amplitudes, and wave speeds in the structural motion for potential drag reduction

Superconducting Resonance and paring symmetry in electron-doped cuprates

The magnetic excitations in the superconducting electron-doped cuprates are studied in the framework of spin-density-wave description. The superconducting resonance is a natural product of the superconductivity due to the opening of d-wave gap. Its resonance energy exhibits well linear scaling with superconducting gap as $E_{res}/2\Delta\sim 0.6$, quantitatively consisting with the experimental discovery. This ratio is insensitive to the selected parameters, manifesting its universality. Another lower-energy peak below resonance energy is predicted when the hole pocket emerges due to suppression of spin-density wave. We further verify that the ratio of linear scales is intimately related to the pairing symmetry. Distinct ratio can be found with respective pairing symmetry. In comparison with the inelastic neutron scattering data, the monotonic d-wave superconductivity is the most likely candidate in the electron-doped cuprates. Furthermore, we proposed a new method to check the pairing symmetry by the inelastic neutron scattering measurements.Comment: 4 Pages, 4 Figure

The commensurate magnetic excitations induced by band-splitting and Fermi surface topology in n-type Cuprates

The antiferromagnetic correlation plays an important role in high-T$_{c}$ superconductors. Considering this effect, the magnetic excitations in n-type cuprates near the optimal doping are studied within the spin density wave description. The magnetic excitations are commensurate in the low energy regime and further develop into spin wave-like dispersion at higher energy, well consistent with the inelastic neutron scattering measurements. We clearly demonstrate that the commensurability originates from the band splitting and Fermi surface topology. The commensurability is a normal state property, and has nothing to do with d-wave superconductivity. The distinct behaviors of magnetic excitation between the n-type and p-type cuprates are further discussed. Our results strongly suggest the essential role of antiferromagnetic correlations in the cuprates.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

MgCNi3: a conventional and yet puzzling superconductor

The newly discovered superconductivity in MgCNi3, though with Tc<8 K lower than that of the celebrated MgB2, is probably even more interesting in its many puzzling physical properties. MgCNi3 has been theoretically speculated to be unstable towards ferromagnetism. However, there are numerous evidences from the specific heat C(T), Tunneling spectroscopy and NMR experiments indicating conventional s-wave superconductivity in MgCNi3. The Hall effect and the thermoelectric power experiments suggest that the carriers responsible for the transport properties are electrons, in obvious contrast to holes predicated by the band structure calculations. In this article, we report the results of C(T) experiments, upper critical field Hc2 measurements, and the pressure effects on MgCNi3. These experimental evidences clearly demonstrate that superconductivity in MgCNi3 is well explained within the conventional electron-phonon interaction scenario, at most with minor modifications from the magnetic interaction. The thermodynamic data C(T) is consistent with the conventional s-wave order parameter. Hc2 of all samples follows a universal WHH relation . Surprisingly, dTc/dP is positive which leaves room for further improvements in band structure calculations. There are other serious discrepancies between experiments and theory like in the transport properties and x-ray photoemission. The possible reconciliation within the two-band model and the consequent difficulties are discussed.Comment: 27 pages, 9 pages, tentatively to appear in ''Horizons in Superconductivity'' by Nova Science Publishers, In

Heavy Quark and Chiral Symmetry Predictions for Semileptonic Decays B->D(D*),pi,l,nu

We study in detail the prediction for the semileptonic decays $\bar{B} \to D (D^*) \pi \ell \bar{\nu}$ by heavy quark and chiral symmetry. The branching ratio for $\bar{B} \to D \pi \ell \bar{\nu}$ is quite significant, as big as $(0.5-1)\%$. The branching ratio for $\bar{B} \to D^* \pi \ell \bar{\nu}$ is only of order $10^{-4}-10^{-5}$. Numerical results for various single particle spectra and their dependence on the pion momentum cutoff schemes are presented in a series of figures, as are the model independent ratios for differential rates of $D$ and $D^*$. We also study the parity-violation effects on the decay rates for different polarization states of the $D^*$. Figures may be obtained by anonymous FTP from strange.tn.cornell.edu in the directory pub/CLNS931204, or by email from the author.Comment: 28 pages, 23 figs (FTP from author), LaTeX, Typos corrected in Eq. 4.9c (factor of 2), Eq. A.4, and Tables II & III. No change in content, results, or figures. CLNS93/1204, IP-ASTP-15-9

The selection rule of graphene in a composite magnetic field

The generalized tight-binding model with exact diagonalization method is developed to calculate the optical properties of monolayer graphene in the presence of composite magnetic fields. The ratio of the uniform magnetic field and the modulated one accounts for a strong influence on the structure, number, intensity and frequency of absorption peaks, and thus the extra selection rules that are subsequently induced can be explained. When the modulated field increases, each symmetric peak, under a uniform magnetic field, splits into a pair of asymmetric peaks with lower intensities. The threshold absorption frequency exhibits an obvious evolution in terms of a redshift. These absorption peaks obey the same selection rule that is followed by Landau level transitions. Moreover, at a sufficiently strong modulation strength, the extra peaks in the absorption spectrum might arise from different selection rules

Optical Properties of Graphene in External Fields

The generalized tight-binding model, with the exact diagonalization method, is developed to investigate optical properties of graphene in five kinds of external fields. The quite large Hamiltonian matrix is transferred into the band-like one by the rearrangement of many basis functions; furthermore, the spatial distributions of wave functions on distinct sublattices are utilized to largely reduce the numerical computation time. The external fields have a strong influence on the number, intensity, frequency and structure of absorption peaks, and the selection rules. The optical spectra in a uniform magnetic field exhibit plentiful symmetric absorption peaks and obey a specific selection rule. However, there are many asymmetric peaks and extra selection rules under the modulated electric field, the modulated magnetic field, the composite electric and magnetic fields, and the composite magnetic fields.Comment: 68 pages and 21 figure