Dimensions of fractals related to languages defined by tagged strings in complete genomes

A representation of frequency of strings of length K in complete genomes of many organisms in a square has led to seemingly self-similar patterns when K increases. These patterns are caused by under-represented strings with a certain "tag"-string and they define some fractals when K tends to infinite. The Box and Hausdorff dimensions of the limit set are discussed. Although the method proposed by Mauldin and Williams to calculate Box and Hausdorff dimension is valid in our case, a different and simpler method is proposed in this paper.Comment: 9 pages with two figure

Electron Flavored Dark Matter

In this paper we investigate the phenomenology of the electron flavored Dirac dark matter with two types of portal interactions. We analyze constraints from the electron magnetic moment anomaly, LHC searches of singly charged scalar, dark matter relic abundance as well as direct and indirect detections. Our study shows that the available parameter space is quite constrained, but there are parameter space that is compatible with the current data. We further show that the DAMPE cosmic ray electron excess, which indicates cosmic ray excess at around 1.5 TeV, can be interpreted as the annihilation of dark matter into electron positron pairs in this model.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Factors Influencing Dental Implant Survival & Success: A Retrospective Study

Background: With the increasing number of implants affected by peri-implant diseases, disease prevention by identifying and managing risk factors are crucial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the odds ratios (ORs) of various risks related to implant success. Materials and Methods: Subjects with at least one implant placed and with periapical or bitewing radiographs taken at the time of prosthesis placement and at least one year follow-up after implant restoration were included. Data at patient and implant level, including surgical related factors, restorative related factors, and peri-implant parameters were recorded. The associations and ORs between implant success and the recorded variables were analyzed. Results: A total of 550 implants (mean 6.25 year follow-up) from 200 subjects were included. Treatment success was found in 75.5% of the subjects and 71.82% of the implants. Implant success is associated with the following variables: non-smokers (OR= 3.68), non-diabetes (OR= 5.85), healthy periodontium (OR= 7.13), and single implant placement (OR= 3.58). At implant level, implant success is associated with provider experiences (OR= 4.40). Furthermore, implant-supported single crowns were found with higher success rate compared to bridge restoration (OR= 3.62); implant-supported restorations without cantilever design had higher success rate (OR= 6.94). Probing depth (OR= 3.51) was also found to be negatively associated with implant success. Conclusion: Prevalence of peri-implant diseases (peri-implant mucositits and peri-implantitis) is high, affecting 69.5% of the patients and 77.6% of the implants. Factors such as smoking, diabetes, history of periodontal disease, number of implants placed, provider level, restoration type and cantilever design have significant impact on implant success. Probing depth is a good indicator to determine peri-implant health but not bleeding on probing.Master of SciencePeridonticsUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/122727/1/Risk_Factors_of_Dental_Implant_Survival_0630.pd

An efficient and low-divergence method for generating inhomogeneous and anisotropic turbulence with arbitrary spectra

In this article, we propose a divergence-free method for the generation of inhomogeneous and anisotropic turbulence. Based on the idea of correlation reconstruction, the method uses the Cholesky decomposition matrix to re-establish the turbulence correlation functions, which avoids the time-consuming procedure that solves eigenvalues and eigenvectors in every location needed by the coordinate transformation in the conventional method and thus reduces the computational complexity and improves the efficiency of generating synthetic turbulence. Through adjusting the generation strategy of specific random vectors, the proposed method, which is based on the classical spectrum-based method widely used to generate uniform isotropic turbulence, can obtain inhomogeneous and anisotropic turbulence with a relatively low divergence level in practice with almost no additional computational burden. There are two versions of this new method: the shifter version and the inverter version. Both versions of the method are highly efficient, easy to implement, and compatible with high-performance computing. Suitable for providing high-quality initial or boundary conditions for scale-resolving turbulence simulations with large grid numbers (such as direct numerical simulation or large eddy simulation), this method can be quickly implemented either based on various open-source CFD codes or common commercial CFD software

A Hybrid Genetic-Simulated Annealing Algorithm for the Location-Inventory-Routing Problem Considering Returns under E-Supply Chain Environment

Facility location, inventory control, and vehicle routes scheduling are critical and highly related problems in the design of logistics system for e-business. Meanwhile, the return ratio in Internet sales was significantly higher than in the traditional business. Many of returned merchandise have no quality defects, which can reenter sales channels just after a simple repackaging process. Focusing on the existing problem in e-commerce logistics system, we formulate a location-inventory-routing problem model with no quality defects returns. To solve this NP-hard problem, an effective hybrid genetic simulated annealing algorithm (HGSAA) is proposed. Results of numerical examples show that HGSAA outperforms GA on computing time, optimal solution, and computing stability. The proposed model is very useful to help managers make the right decisions under e-supply chain environment

Dynamics in direct two-photon transition by frequency combs

Two-photon resonance transition technology has been proven to have a wide range of applications,it's limited by the available wavelength of commercial lasers.The application of optical comb technology with direct two-photon transition (DTPT) will not be restricted by cw lasers.This article will further theoretically analyze the dynamics effects of the DTPT process driven by optical frequency combs. In a three-level atomic system, the population of particles and the amount of momentum transfer on atoms are increased compared to that of the DTPT-free process. The 17% of population increasement in 6-level system of cesium atoms has verified that DTPT process has a robust enhancement on the effect of momentum transfer. It can be used to excite the DTPTs of rubidium and cesium simultaneously with the same mode-locked laser. And this technology has potential applications in cooling different atoms to obtain polar cold molecules, as well as high-precision spectroscopy measurement.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

The Significance of Keratinized Mucosa on Implant Health: A Systematic Review

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142238/1/jper1755-sup-0012.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142238/2/jper1755.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142238/3/jper1755-sup-0011.pd