EVOLUÇÃO DA AVICULTURA BRASILEIRA

Esta revisão teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução da avicultura em vários aspectos, bem como sua produção e tendência ao consumo no Brasil e no mundo. O espaço ocupado pelo Brasil atualmente, foi devido à intensificação no seu processo de produção, relacionado a fatores como introdução de novas tecnologias melhoria genética, uso de instalações mais apropriadas e alimentação racional. As inúmeras inovações na área de genética, nutrição, sanidade e no processo produtivo de forma geral, possibilitaram a produção de frangos com mais peso, em menos tempo e com menor consumo de ração são alguns dos diversos fatores que contribuíram para que o setor alcançasse o patamar atual

EVALUATION OF THE MILK PRODUCTION OF SAANEN GOATS IN BRAZIL

The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity.The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity

APPLICATION OF RANDOM REGRESSION MODELS FOR GROWTH TRAITS OF NELLORE CATTLE IN BRAZIL

The purpose of this review is to show the increase in number of researches on covariance components and genetic evaluation using random regression models (RRM) for growth traits of Nellore cattle. Random regression models, also known as infinite-dimension models have been used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for weight of beef cattle. In addition, those models are a standard alternative for genetic analyses of longitudinal data, however, the availibility of computational resources for performing genetic evaluations widely is an obstacle. Traits related to animal growth are adopted as selection criteria in beef cattle breeding programs, because the remuneration of cattle breeders is made based on the weight of carcasses. In recent years, RRM have been adopted as standard procedure in relation to the analysis of longitudinal data in animal breeding

ESTIMATES COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS TO GOATS MILK PRODUCTION USING REGRESSION MODELS RANDOM

The aim of this review was to estimate covariance functions for the production of Alpine breeds of goat milk and Saanen using random regression models. Conventional analysis for estimating components of (co) variance and genetic parameters for growth traits are performed by finite-dimensional models, which allows the construction and use of selection indexes and mixed model equations, obtaining parameters as heritability and genetic correlation. The random regression models (MRA) enable work with characteristics of genetic lactation curves for each animal or growth that are measured repeatedly in the animal's life, called longitudinal data

Covariance Genetic Estimates For Features Tabapuã Growth In Brazil

This review aimed to estimate covariance components for Tabapuã the growth characteristics in Brazil, using random regression models. The random regression models (MRA) make it possible to estimate coefficients of the covariance functions by the method of restricted maximum likelihood. These are suitable for longitudinal data analysis models, because of the deficiencies of conventional methods of quantitative genetic analysis, which are considered phenotypic values inherently continuous processes, as discrete processes. The covariance functions show the statistical correlation between two features of a trajectory at different points of same, ie that present in the arrangement have the same direction and magnitude. With the current concern of cutting bovinocultores regarding the growth of animals, the use of methods or techniques that provide increasingly accurate assessments of genetic parameters to be used in studying the development of animals for meat production is relevan

Application of random regression models for growth traits of nellore cattle in brazil

The purpose of this review is to show the increase in number of researches on covariance components and genetic evaluation using random regression models (RRM) for growth traits of Nellore cattle. Random regression models, also known as infinite-dimension models have been used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for weight of beef cattle. In addition, those models are a standard alternative for genetic analyses of longitudinal data, however, the availibility of computational resources for performing genetic evaluations widely is an obstacle. Traits related to animal growth are adopted as selection criteria in beef cattle breeding programs, because the remuneration of cattle breeders is made based on the weight of carcasses. In recent years, RRM have been adopted as standard procedure in relation to the analysis of longitudinal data in animal breeding

CAUSAS E CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO ÊXODO RURAL NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é fornecer informações sobre o êxodo rural na região Nordeste, visando incentivar as organizações governamentais a promover movimentos sociais no campo que priorize o pequeno agricultor a desenvolver suas atividades agrícolas. Entre as causas desse processo, a falta de emprego e o poder atrativo que as cidades exercem sobre a população rural, são as mais frequentes. Diante disso, as informações apresentadas neste trabalho serão de fundamental relevância para a criação de políticas públicas visando o aperfeiçoamento do pequeno agricultor com técnicas agrícolas

INFLUÊNCIAS DE INTERAÇÕES ENTRE GENE-AMBIENTE SOBRE DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES E NUTRIÇÃO

O súbito aparecimento de doenças cardiovasculares como um importante problema de saúde pública, com isso o objetivo desta revisão de literatura é estudar a influências de interações gene-ambiente sobre a presença de doenças cardiovasculares e nutrição. Existe evidência demonstra claramente que um certo número de interações entre gene e ambiente. Estudos sobre epigenética descrevem os mecanismos que permitem que as células respondam rapidamente às mudanças ambientais e estabeleçam uma ligação entre genes e ambiente. Foi avaliado a associação do polimorfismo-514C/T com medidas de metabolismo de lipoproteína de alta densidade colesterol (LAD-C) que depende da quantidade e do tipo de gordura consumida. A apolipoproteína (Apo) AI é um componente chave da lipoproteína de alta densidade (LAD). O termo nutrigenômica diz respeito à avaliação do genoma completo dos efeitos de fatores dietéticos. As doenças cardiovasculares recebem influência da interação gene-ambiente no qual são avaliados risco de doenças cardiovasculares e também são identificar variações genéticas associadas a nutrientes dos alimentos