Gombe National Park and Mwamgongo Village, Tanzania.

<p>A. Location of study site within Tanzania. B-D Land use plans, chimpanzee sightings, park border, crop-raiding zone, village perimeter and animal mobility tracks of dogs, goats and sheep. Dot colors represent mobility pattern of each individual animal.</p

Comparison of mobility patterns of domesticated animal species in Mwamgongo village adjacent to Gombe National Park, Tanzania.

<p>Results are expressed as median with interquartile range in parentheses. *Statistically significant.</p><p>Comparison of mobility patterns of domesticated animal species in Mwamgongo village adjacent to Gombe National Park, Tanzania.</p

The proportion of GPS points from infected and uninfected domesticated animals in the defined study area in Mwamgongo village and Gombe National Park, Tanzania, during the dry and wet seasons.

<p>Infected animals (Goat: n = 5, Sheep: n = 2, Dogs: n = 0).</p

Mean maximum distance traveled from home (m) in dry and wet seasons by domesticated animal species in Mwamgongo village, Tanzania.

<p>Mean maximum distance traveled from home (m) in dry and wet seasons by domesticated animal species in Mwamgongo village, Tanzania.</p

Correction: The Malagarasi River Does Not Form an Absolute Barrier to Chimpanzee Movement in Western Tanzania

<p>Correction: The Malagarasi River Does Not Form an Absolute Barrier to Chimpanzee Movement in Western Tanzania</p

Evidence of SIVcpz infection on the southern bank of the Malagarasi River.

<p>Chimpanzee fecal samples were tested for HIV/SIV specific antibodies using an enhanced chemiluminescent Western blot approach and HIV-1 antigen containing strips. Samples from individuals (Ch-2 and Ch-5; <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone-0058965-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>) reacted with envelope, integrase and/or core proteins, indicating SIVcpz infection. Molecular weights of HIV-1 specific proteins are indicated. The banding pattern of plasma from an HIV-1 infected patient (pos at a 1∶10,000 dilution) and an uninfected human control (neg) are shown.</p

Greater Gombe, Masito-Ugalla and Greater Mahale Ecosystem (outlined in red dots).

<p>The predicted distribution of suitable chimpanzee nesting habitat was developed using the Mahalanobis distance model <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Pintea3" target="_blank">[50]</a>, updated with 2007–2012 nest data and 2007 vegetation cover from Landsat TM satellite imagery (green). A red cross indicates the location of the crossing point over the Malagarasi River (blue).</p

Location of the Malagarasi River ford.

<p>The location of the crossing point (red cross) is shown in relation to forest (dark green), woodland (brown) and water (blue). The chimpanzee distribution model is shown in light green, with land cover classes extracted from 2007 Landsat TM satellite image and draped over a digital elevation map (shaded relief from 90-m SRTM - Shuttle Radar Topography Mission – data). Yellow triangles depict the location of chimpanzee fecal samples.</p

SIVcpz infection in chimpanzees sampled near the Malagarasi river.

a<p>SIVcpz infected chimpanzees are indicated by boldface.</p>b<p>F, female; M, male; n/a, not available.</p>c<p>GM7, MH37 and MH32 haplotypes have previously been reported <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Liu1" target="_blank">[40]</a>.</p>d<p>?/?, Partial genotype due to sample degradation.</p>e<p>WB, Western blot; pos, positive; neg, negative.</p

Mitochondrial genetic diversity in chimpanzees from Tanzania.

<p>Mitochondrial DNA (D loop) sequences from chimpanzees sampled on the southern bank of the Malagarasi River (MR, red) are shown in relation to previously identified chimpanzee mitochondrial haplotypes from the Gombe Stream National Park (GM, blue) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Keele2" target="_blank">[45]</a>, Mahale Mountains National Park (MH, green) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Liu1" target="_blank">[40]</a> and Ugalla (UG, orange) <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Rudicell1" target="_blank">[27]</a>. Haplotypes reported by Inoue and colleagues <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058965#pone.0058965-Inoue1" target="_blank">[32]</a> are shown in black. The tree was constructed using the neighbor joining method (asterisks denote bootstrap support values above 70%). The scale bars represents 0.003 substitutions per site.</p