Receipt of interpersonal citizenship: fostering agentic emotion, cognition, and action in organizations

With an eye to fostering an energized and empowered workforce, we explore the discrete emotion of selfâ assurance (characterized by boldness, pride, and audacity), investigating how receipt of interpersonal citizenship behavior (ICB) fuels this agentic emotion. ICB includes acts of everyday concern that may be of a personâ or taskâ focused nature. With two survey samples, we propose and test a model that situates selfâ assurance as a mechanism linking ICBâ receipt to employee thriving and empowerment. Additionally, we find links to citizenship enactment, as reported by coworkers. Notably, personâ focused ICBâ receipt may be just as beneficial to selfâ assurance as taskâ focused ICBâ receipt. These results hold equally for working women and men. Our multiâ study, multiâ source results underscore the role of agentic emotion in cultivating a proactive workforce.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136264/1/jasp12421_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136264/2/jasp12421.pd

Latino/a Depression and Smoking: An Analysis Through the Lenses of Culture, Gender, and Ethnicity

Rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cigarette smoking increase with Latino/a acculturation, but this varies by gender and ethnic subgroup. We investigated how lived experiences (i.e., discrimination, family conflict, family cohesion, familismo) clustered together in the everyday lives of Latina/os. We further examined associations of cluster profile and Latino/a subgroup with MDD and smoking, and tested whether gender moderated these associations. Data came from the National Latino Asian American Study, which included 2,554 Latino/as (48 % female; mean age = 38.02 years). K‐means cluster analysis revealed six profiles of experience, which varied by gender and socio‐cultural characteristics. Proportionately more women than men were in groups with problematic family lives. Acculturated Latino/as were disproportionately represented in profiles reporting frequent discrimination, family conflict, and a lack of shared family values and cohesion. Profiles characterized by high discrimination and family problems also predicted elevated risk for MDD and smoking. Findings suggest that Latino/a acculturation comes jointly with increased discrimination, increased family conflict, and reduced family cohesion and shared family values, exacerbating risk for MDD and smoking. This research on pathways to depression and smoking can inform the development of targeted assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies, tailored to the needs of Latino/as.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117144/1/ajcp9553.pd

See Something, Do Something: Predicting Sexual Assault Bystander Intentions in the U.S. Military

Sexual assault is a pervasive problem in the U.S. military, especially against women. Bystander intervention is increasingly promoted as important for reducing sexual violence, and it may be particularly helpful in contexts with high rates of sexual violence. Bystander training encourages and enables people to intervene safely and stop sexual violence. In this study, we drew from an ecological model to investigate intrapersonal, microsystem, and exosystem factors that predicted Service members’ assumption of personal responsibility to intervene in an alcohol‐involved sexual assault. Moreover, we examined how these predictors played a role in decisions about how to intervene: confronting the perpetrator, assisting the victim, or finding someone to help. We analyzed data from 24,610 active duty personnel collected by the Department of Defense. Several factors significantly related to Service members’ bystander intentions: gender, rank, morale, attitudes about sexual assault, training, and trust in the military sexual assault system predicted the likelihood and method of bystander intervention. These findings help identify how and why people intervene (or fail to intervene) when they witness situations that could develop into sexual violence.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134152/1/ajcp12077_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134152/2/ajcp12077.pd

Observed Workplace Incivility toward Women, Perceptions of Interpersonal Injustice, and Observer Occupational Well-Being: Differential Effects for Gender of the Observer

The present study examined perceptions of interpersonal injustice as a mediator of the relationship between observed incivility toward women at work and employees’ occupational well-being. We also examined gender of the observer as a moderator of these mediational relationships. Using online survey data from 1,702 (51% women; 92% White) employees, results showed that perceptions of injustice partially mediated the relationship between observed incivility toward women and job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and organizational trust. Men reported greater perceptions of injustice than did women the more they observed the uncivil treatment of women at work and the indirect effects of observed incivility toward women on well-being were stronger for men compared to women. Observed incivility toward women also had direct relationships with the occupational well-being outcomes over and above the impact mediated through injustice, particularly for women. Specifically, observing incivility toward female coworkers directly related to lowered job satisfaction and perceptions of safety for female bystanders. In addition, although both male and female bystanders reported heightened turnover intentions and lowered trust in the organization with higher levels of observed incivility toward women, these relationships were stronger for female than male observers. Our findings both replicate and extend past research on vicarious workplace incivility toward women

Social and situational dynamics surrounding workplace mistreatment: Context matters

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163449/2/job2479_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163449/1/job2479.pd

Attributions and Appraisals of Workplace Incivility: Finding Light on the Dark Side?

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144621/1/apps12127.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144621/2/apps12127_am.pd

Sexual Assault Training in the Military: Evaluating Efforts to End the “Invisible War”

Sexual assault is an insidious problem in the United States military. In 2005 the Department of Defense (DoD) created the Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office, which centralizes responsibility for sexual assault training. However, this training initiative has undergone little evaluation by outside researchers. Addressing this need, we analyzed responses from over 24,000 active duty personnel who completed the 2010 DoD Workplace and Gender Relations Survey. We assessed whether sexual assault training exposure (None, Minimal, Partial, or Comprehensive) predicted accurate knowledge of sexual assault resources and protocols. Using a social‐ecological framework, we investigated whether institutional and individual factors influenced Service members’ training exposure and judgment of training effectiveness. According to our results, exposure to comprehensive training predicted lower sexual assault incidence and superior knowledge. However, comprehensive training differed as a function of military branch, rank, gender, and sexual assault history. Judgments of training effectiveness also varied across these dimensions. Our results highlight the importance of considering context, gender, and victimization history when evaluating institutional efforts to end sexual violence. The DoD’s 2010 annual report on military sexual assault concluded that “most Active Duty members receive effective training on sexual assault” (p. 104). Our results cast doubt on that assertion.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117230/1/ajcp9672.pd

What's Gender Got to Do with It? Incivility in the Federal Courts

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72366/1/j.1747-4469.2002.tb00804.x.pd

Measurement and Modeling of Latina Experiences of Sexual Harassment

125 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.With respect to modeling, this study integrated findings from Latino cultural literature and past sexual harassment research into a culturally-salient model of the sexual harassment process---as experienced by Latina women. When surveying the 476 Latinas, the study assessed factors that the literature claimed to be particularly salient to Latinas' experiences, as well as those that are highly relevant to harassing situations in general. These factors included not only personal characteristics of Latina women, but also organizational contextual variables and attributes of the harasser. Path analyses and moderated regressions then demonstrated whether and how the factors affected Latina women's experiences of sexual harassment severity, which in turn influenced their job conditions and psychosomatic functioning. The paper concludes by comparing and contrasting findings with previous harassment research, and suggesting directions for future studies.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Measurement and Modeling of Latina Experiences of Sexual Harassment

125 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.With respect to modeling, this study integrated findings from Latino cultural literature and past sexual harassment research into a culturally-salient model of the sexual harassment process---as experienced by Latina women. When surveying the 476 Latinas, the study assessed factors that the literature claimed to be particularly salient to Latinas' experiences, as well as those that are highly relevant to harassing situations in general. These factors included not only personal characteristics of Latina women, but also organizational contextual variables and attributes of the harasser. Path analyses and moderated regressions then demonstrated whether and how the factors affected Latina women's experiences of sexual harassment severity, which in turn influenced their job conditions and psychosomatic functioning. The paper concludes by comparing and contrasting findings with previous harassment research, and suggesting directions for future studies.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD