The hierarchy of higher order solutions of the derivative nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation

In this paper, we provide a simple method to generate higher order position solutions and rogue wave solutions for the derivative nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. The formulae of these higher order solutions are given in terms of determinants. The dynamics and structures of solutions generated by this method are studied

The higher order Rogue Wave solutions of the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation

We construct higher order rogue wave solutions for the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation explicitly in term of determinant expression. Dynamics of both soliton and non-soliton solutions is discussed. A family of solutions with distinct structures are presented, which are new to the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation

JOB PLACEMENT AND JOB SHIFT ACROSS EMPLOYMENT SECTORS IN CHINA: THE EFFECTS OF EDUCATION, FAMILY BACKGROUND, AND GENDER

This dissertation investigates the impact of the market-oriented economic reform in China on one aspect of the labor market outcomes--individuals' access to different employment sectors, that is, the state and collective sector, the private sector, and the sector of family contract farming. Using the first wave (1989) and the fourth wave (1997) of the CHNS data, this study examines the effects of education, family background, and gender on the job placement among the employment sectors for young workers (age 17 to 24) and the job shifts across the employment sectors for older workers (age 25 to 44). The change of these effects on young workers' job placement from 1989 to 1997 is also examined. It is found that education is important in determining young workers' employment sectors and older workers' destination of employment sector if they change jobs, and the better-educated workers are more likely to work in the state and collective sector. The social capital effect of family background overwhelms the practice of risk diversification and young workers are more likely to work in the employment sector in which they have some family connections. While young women have some advantage in entering the private sector than young men, older married women are disadvantaged in transferring to the private sector than older married men and women farmers are less likely to leave the family farm than male farmers. The findings suggest that the access to different employment sectors is not equally distributed among Chinese workers. The hierarchy of employment sectors is reproduced through the procedure that assorts individual workers to different employment sectors. In addition to achieved characteristics such as human capital, ascribed characteristics such as family background and gender are important factors in understanding the procedure of social stratification in the reform-era

Visual Presentation Modes in Online Product Reviews and Their Effects on Consumer Responses

Online product reviews posted by consumers are becoming a staple part of e-commerce websites. Researchers demonstrate that the volume and strength of online reviews, among others, have a significant impact on consumer responses. These studies have focused on the effect of text-based online reviews, but current information technologies enable the posting of online reviews with higher visual content, such as with images and videos. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Dual Coding theory, we examine the effects of three visual modes for presenting online reviews with three products – backpack, digital camera and video game. Our results indicate that video-based online reviews are perceived as being more credible, helpful, persuasive, and providing a great sense of involvement, compared to text-based and image-based online reviews, but with no significant differences among the latter two. The influence of presentation modes on consumer responses is partially moderated by product type

Multiple Signaling Pathways Are Involved in the Interleukine-4 Regulated Expression of DC-SIGN in THP-1 Cell Line

Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important pattern recognition receptor on dendritic cells (DCs), and its expression shows significant cytological and histological specificity, being interleukine-4 (IL-4) dependent. The signaling pathways through which IL-4 regulates expression of DC-SIGN are still unclear. We used phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate- (PMA-) differentiated THP-1 cells as the in vitro model of monocyte/macrophage cells to study the signaling pathways involved in IL-4-regulated expression of DC-SIGN. We found that a high expression of DC-SIGN could be induced by IL-4 at the levels of mRNA and cell surface protein. Upregulated expression of DC-SIGN was almost completely blocked by the specific inhibitor of ERK pathway, and partly reduced by the specific inhibitors of JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways. The activation of the three signaling pathways was directly confirmed by testing the phosphorylation of protein kinase within the cytoplasm and nucleus over time. The analysis of cis-acting elements of DC-SIGN promoter showed that the activity of DC-SIGN promoter without Ets-1 transcription factors binding site almost completely disappeared. Our results demonstrated that multiple signaling pathways are involved in IL-4 induced high expression of DC-SIGN on THP-1 cells, in which ERK pathway is the main signaling pathway and mediated by the Ets-1 transcription factors binding site

Serum lactate dehydrogenase activities as systems biomarkers for 48 types of human diseases

Most human diseases are systems diseases, and systems biomarkers are better fitted for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment monitoring purposes. To search for systems biomarker candidates, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a housekeeping protein expressed in all living cells, was investigated. To this end, we analyzed the serum LDH activities from 172,933 patients with 48 clinically defined diseases and 9528 healthy individuals. Based on the median values, we found that 46 out of 48 diseases, leading by acute myocardial infarction, had significantly increased (p  0.8) for hepatic encephalopathy and lung fibrosis

Study on perception threshold for whole-body vibration

When people stay in the vibrating environment for a long time, the body may produce a series of physiological and psychological diseases. In order to evaluate the impact of vibration on the human body, the establishment of evaluation method or evaluation system is necessary. At present, most countries usually evaluate whole-body vibration based on the international standard ISO 2631-1 “Mechanical vibration and shock-Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration-Part 1: General requirements”. In this paper, the experiments of perception threshold of whole-body vibration were taken as the breakthrough point of evaluation method, and 12 subjects participated in the experiments. Through the experiments, comparing the provisions of ISO 2631-1, we get some different conclusions about the distribution law of perception thresholds. This also provides some data support for further experimental research

Effect of surface water level fluctuations on the performance of near-bank managed aquifer recharge from injection wells

Funding: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42102286, U1803241, 51779230), the Belt and Road Special Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering (Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute. Grant 2020nkms05), the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education (Grant No. 202105002KF), and the Natural Resources Science and Technology Project of Henan Province in 2020 (Henan Natural Resources Han [2020] No. 542-7), providing financial support for the collection of data, their analysis and the writing and publication of the results Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge valuable comments from the reviewers, which led to significant improvement of the paper.Peer reviewedPublisher PD