Treatment of Acute Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Palmar Plate Injury by Bone Channel Suture

Objective: Objective: To explore the surgical efect of suture through bone canal in the treatment of reconstruction of acute prox-imal interphalangeal joint metacarpal anchorage. Methods From July 2018 to August 2021, we retrospectively analyzed 9 cases of avulsion of metacarpal plate near interphalangeal joint, including 7 males and 2 females, aged 17-40 years, with an average of 34 years. There were 4 cases of index fnger, 3 cases of middle fnger and 2 cases of ring fnger. Early fexion and extension exercises were performed after opera-tion. The last follow-up included the range of motion of the proximal interphalangeal joint and joint pain. Results All patients were followed up (4-12 months) after operation.According to the TAM method, 7 cases were excellent and 2 cases were good. Conclusion Transosseous su-ture for acute proximal interphalangeal joint metacarpal reconstruction has the advantages of simple operation, safety, frm fxation and rapid postoperative recovery

Fair Text-to-Image Diffusion via Fair Mapping

In this paper, we address the limitations of existing text-to-image diffusion models in generating demographically fair results when given human-related descriptions. These models often struggle to disentangle the target language context from sociocultural biases, resulting in biased image generation. To overcome this challenge, we propose Fair Mapping, a flexible, model-agnostic, and lightweight approach that modifies a pre-trained text-to-image diffusion model by controlling the prompt to achieve fair image generation. One key advantage of our approach is its high efficiency. It only requires updating an additional linear network with few parameters at a low computational cost. By developing a linear network that maps conditioning embeddings into a debiased space, we enable the generation of relatively balanced demographic results based on the specified text condition. With comprehensive experiments on face image generation, we show that our method significantly improves image generation fairness with almost the same image quality compared to conventional diffusion models when prompted with descriptions related to humans. By effectively addressing the issue of implicit language bias, our method produces more fair and diverse image outputs

Text Guided Image Editing with Automatic Concept Locating and Forgetting

With the advancement of image-to-image diffusion models guided by text, significant progress has been made in image editing. However, a persistent challenge remains in seamlessly incorporating objects into images based on textual instructions, without relying on extra user-provided guidance. Text and images are inherently distinct modalities, bringing out difficulties in fully capturing the semantic intent conveyed through language and accurately translating that into the desired visual modifications. Therefore, text-guided image editing models often produce generations with residual object attributes that do not fully align with human expectations. To address this challenge, the models should comprehend the image content effectively away from a disconnect between the provided textual editing prompts and the actual modifications made to the image. In our paper, we propose a novel method called Locate and Forget (LaF), which effectively locates potential target concepts in the image for modification by comparing the syntactic trees of the target prompt and scene descriptions in the input image, intending to forget their existence clues in the generated image. Compared to the baselines, our method demonstrates its superiority in text-guided image editing tasks both qualitatively and quantitatively

The Nature-Based Ecological Engineering Paradigm: Symbiosis, Coupling, and Coordination

[no abstract available

Initial pore distribution characteristics and crack failure development of cemented tailings backfill under low impact amplitude

The stability of the cemented paste backfill is threatened by the dynamic disturbance during the excavation of the surrounding ore body. In this paper, the computerized tomography (CT) and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests were conducted to explore the initial pore distribution characteristics of the cemented tailings backfill (CTB) and the development of the crack under low impact amplitude. SHPB tests were conducted with impact amplitudes of 34, 37, and 39 mV, respectively. Results show that the initial pores of CTB were steadily distributed with the height of CTB. The CTB contained many initial pores with similar pore size distribution characteristics, and the largest number of pores is between 0.1 and 0.3 mm. Most of the cracks in CTB after low impact amplitude develop and expand along the initial pores, and the damage of CTB mainly exists in shear cracks. A dependence has been established that the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength of the CTB increases, the total crack volume first increases and then decreases, and the number of cracks increases as the impact amplitude increases. The research results can provide a valuable reference for the dynamic performance of CTB under low impact amplitude and the design of mining backfill

Residual life prediction method of multi-source sensing linear degradation equipment based on BP neural network

With increasing complexity in modern equipment systems, single-source degradation signals are often insufficient to characterize system health, posing significant challenges for accurate remaining useful life (RUL) prediction. This paper proposes a method for RUL prediction of equipment with linear degradation patterns using a backpropagation (BP) neural network integrated with multi-source sensing data. Composite health indicator (CHI) is constructed by a BP neural network with multi-source linear degradation signals. A one-dimensional linear Wiener process is adopted to model performance degradation, with its parameters estimated via maximum likelihood estimation. To enhance prediction accuracy and stability, the BP network is optimized using the NSGA-II algorithm, ensuring that the evolution of CHI aligns with the degradation model. Based on this matching, online RUL prediction is achieved for complex systems under multi-source monitoring. The proposed method is validated using 100 datasets of the F001 single-failure-mode engine from the C-MAPSS benchmark. Performance is evaluated through four metrics: average prediction score (0.56), accuracy (95%), mean squared error (25.81), and coefficient of determination (0.9920). Comparative analysis confirms the method’s superior performance and reliability in predicting RUL under linear degradation scenarios with complex sensor environments.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author

B7DC/PDL2 Promotes Tumor Immunity by a PD-1–independent Mechanism

B7H1 (PDL1) and B7DC (PDL2) are two new members of the B7 family that can interact with PD-1, a putative negative regulator for immune function. Recent studies have provided evidence for inhibitory functions of both members via PD-1. Meanwhile, compelling evidence exists for costimulatory function of both members. Here we demonstrate that expression of B7DC on the tumor cells promotes CD8 T cell–mediated rejection of tumor cells, at both the induction and effector phase of antitumor immunity. Moreover, B7DC binds to PD-1(−/−) cells and enhances T cell killing in a PD-1–independent mechanism. Our results demonstrate a novel pathway for B7DC to promote tumor immunity and may reconcile the apparently contradictory findings on the function of B7DC

Novel prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma using a comprehensive machine learning framework to predict prognosis and guide treatment

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly aggressive, with delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis, and a lack of comprehensive and accurate prognostic models to assist clinicians. This study aimed to construct an HCC prognosis-related gene signature (HPRGS) and explore its clinical application value.MethodsTCGA-LIHC cohort was used for training, and the LIRI-JP cohort and HCC cDNA microarray were used for validation. Machine learning algorithms constructed a prognostic gene label for HCC. Kaplan–Meier (K-M), ROC curve, multiple analyses, algorithms, and online databases were used to analyze differences between high- and low-risk populations. A nomogram was constructed to facilitate clinical application.ResultsWe identified 119 differential genes based on transcriptome sequencing data from five independent HCC cohorts, and 53 of these genes were associated with overall survival (OS). Using 101 machine learning algorithms, the 10 most prognostic genes were selected. We constructed an HCC HPRGS with four genes (SOCS2, LCAT, ECT2, and TMEM106C). Good predictive performance of the HPRGS was confirmed by ROC, C-index, and K-M curves. Mutation analysis showed significant differences between the low- and high-risk patients. The low-risk group had a higher response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and immunotherapy. Treatment response of high- and low-risk groups to small-molecule drugs was predicted. Linifanib was a potential drug for high-risk populations. Multivariate analysis confirmed that HPRGS were independent prognostic factors in TCGA-LIHC. A nomogram provided a clinical practice reference.ConclusionWe constructed an HPRGS for HCC, which can accurately predict OS and guide the treatment decisions for patients with HCC

Ameliorative action of “daitongxiao” against hyperuricemia includes the “uric acid transporter group”

This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of daitongxiao (DTX) on hyperuricemia (HUA). DTX was administered to two animal models of HUA via gavage feeding: HUA quail model (a uricotelic animal with urate oxidase deficiency), treated continuously for 35 days post-HUA induction, and HUA rats (an animal with active urate oxidase), treated continuously for 28 days post-HUA induction. HUA was induced in quail by administering a solution of sterile dry yeast powder via gavage feeding, while in rats, it was induced by intragastric gavage feeding of a solution of adenine and ethambutol hydrochloride. DTX improved overall health; increased bodyweight; reduced renal index, serum urate levels, serum xanthine oxidase activity, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine; and enhanced urinary and fecal uric acid (UA) excretion in these two animal models. The results of hematoxylin and eosin and hexamine silver staining of kidney sections revealed that DTX significantly mitigated HUA-induced renal structural damage and inflammatory response. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that DTX downregulated the renal expression levels of glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) and upregulated the renal expression levels of organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3) in both HUA models. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that DTX suppresses the progression of HUA by modulating the expression of the UA transporter group members