Generating Supplementary Travel Guides from Social Media

In this paper we study how to summarize travel-related information in forum threads to gener-ate supplementary travel guides. Such summaries presumably can provide additional and more up-to-date information to tourists. Existing multi-document summarization methods have limita-tions for this task because (1) they do not generate structured summaries but travel guides usually follow a certain template, and (2) they do not put emphasis on named entities but travel guides often recommend points of interest to travelers. To overcome these limitations, we propose to use a latent variable model to align forum threads with the section structure of well-written travel guides. The model also assigns section labels to named entities in forum threads. We then propose to modify an ILP-based summarization method to generate section-specific summaries. Evaluation on threads from Yahoo! Answers shows that our proposed method is able to generate better summaries compared with a number of baselines based on ROUGE scores and coverage of named entities.

CodeFuse-13B: A Pretrained Multi-lingual Code Large Language Model

Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have gained significant attention in the industry due to their wide applications in the full lifecycle of software engineering. However, the effectiveness of existing models in understanding non-English inputs for multi-lingual code-related tasks is still far from well studied. This paper introduces CodeFuse-13B, an open-sourced pre-trained code LLM. It is specifically designed for code-related tasks with both English and Chinese prompts and supports over 40 programming languages. CodeFuse achieves its effectiveness by utilizing a high quality pre-training dataset that is carefully filtered by program analyzers and optimized during the training process. Extensive experiments are conducted using real-world usage scenarios, the industry-standard benchmark HumanEval-x, and the specially designed CodeFuseEval for Chinese prompts. To assess the effectiveness of CodeFuse, we actively collected valuable human feedback from the AntGroup's software development process where CodeFuse has been successfully deployed. The results demonstrate that CodeFuse-13B achieves a HumanEval pass@1 score of 37.10%, positioning it as one of the top multi-lingual code LLMs with similar parameter sizes. In practical scenarios, such as code generation, code translation, code comments, and testcase generation, CodeFuse performs better than other models when confronted with Chinese prompts.Comment: 10 pages with 2 pages for reference

Determination of trace uranium (VI) using its self-assembly with a tetradentate–monodentate ditopic ligand by resonance light scattering

<p>We describe here a resonance light scattering (RLS) method for uranium (VI) detection by using phosphorylethanol-amido-salophen (PAS) as optical probe. PAS is a tetradentate<b>–</b>monodentate ditopic ligand in which the tetradentate and monodentate ligands are salophen moiety and phosphate group, respectively. PAS can chelate uranyl with its salophen moiety. The chelated uranyl can connect phosphate group in another PAS through coordination reaction. This causes the self-assembly of PAS with uranyl to form a metallo-supramolecular polymer, resulting in a production of strong RLS signal. The RLS method was established based on the self-assemble. The RLS intensity is linearly related to the concentration of uranium (VI) in the 0.8–32 ng mL⁻¹ range, with a detection limit of 0.24 ng mL⁻¹ detection limit under optimal conditions. The method was successfully applied to determine uranium (VI) in environmental water samples with the recoveries between 97.1% and 102.6%.</p

Parasitic Nematodes and Acanthocephalan Obtained from Wild Murids and Dipodids Captured in Xinjiang-Uygur, China

For the developement of new animal models for human disease in the western part of China, helminthological surveys of murids and dipodids in and around both Mt Tian-Shan and Mt Altai, the Xinjiang-Uigur Autonomous region were carried out from 1998 to 1999. A total of 124 individuals belonging to 24 species were examined, and an acanthocephala and/or nematodes were obtained from the following 15 host species, i.e., Dipus sagitta [Ds] [Abbreviation of host name], Euchoreutes naso [En], Allactaga sibirica [Asi], Meriones meridianus [Mme], M. tamariscinus [Mt], Rhombomys opimus [Ro], Cricetulus migratorius [Cm], C. eversmanni [Cev], Microtus oeconomus [Mo], Lagurus lagurus [Lla], L. luteus [Llu], Alticola argentatus [Aa], Clethrionomys rutilus [Cr], Microtus arvalis [Ma], and Apodemus uralensis [Au]. To date, 1 acacthocephalan species, Meniliformis sp. [Cev] [abbreviation of infected animals], and at least 19 nematode species, i.e., Eucoleus sp. (gastrica?) [Au], Eucoleus sp. [Asi], Aonchotheca murissylvatici [Cr], Calodium hepaticum [Au], Trichuris muris [Llu], Trichuris sp. (rhombomidis?) [Mt], Dentostonella translucida [Mme), Aspiculuris tetraptera [Ds], Syphacia petrusewiczi [Cr], Syphacia sp, (or spp.) [Mt, Cm, Cev, Lla and Ma], Rhabditis (Pelodera) orbitalis (3rd larvae) [Lla, Cr, Ma and Mo], Heligmosomoides yorkei [Cm], H. polygyrus [Au], Heligmosomum (Paraheligmosomum) mixtum [Cr and Ma], Heligmosomum (Heligmosomum) sp. [Aa and Mo], Subulura citelli [En], Pterygodermatites sp. [Cr], Litomosa vite [Ro], and spirurid unknown species [Cr] were obtained. Although most species have been reported from the former USSR or outer Mongolia, several species are first records in Xinjiang. Photographs of these nematodes are presented and helminthological studies of the parasitic nematodes obtained from the wild small mammals in Xinjiang are briefly reviewed

Collection Record of Small Mammals in Xinjiang-Uygur, 1998 and 1999 with Brief Review of Its Mammalian Fauna

Epidemiological surveys of zoonosis in small mammals in Xinjiang in the western part of China were carried out from 1998 to 1999, for the developement of new animal models for human disease. The study areas of the survey were located in and around both Mt Tian-Shan and Mt Altai, the Xinjiang-Uygur autonomous region. The total number of specimens was 569 belonging to 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species of Insectivora, and 3 families, 18 genera. 25 species of Rodentia. We captured about 50% of rodent species recorded in Xinjiang throught these collection surveys. A brief review of mammalian fauna of the orders Insectivora and Rodentia in Xinjiang-Uygur was presented

Schistosome egg-derived extracellular vesicles deliver Sja-miR-71a inhibits host macrophage and neutrophil extracellular traps via targeting Sema4D

Abstract Background Macrophages and neutrophils are rapidly recruited around Schistosome eggs to form granulomas. Extracellular traps (ETs) of macrophages and neutrophils are part of the pathogen clearance armamentarium of leukocytes. Schistosome eggs possess the ability to resist attack by the host’s immune cells and survive by employing various immune evasion mechanisms, including the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the specific mechanisms by which Schistosome egg-derived EVs (E-EVs) evade the immune response and resist attack from macrophage and neutrophil ETs remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between E-EVs and macrophage/neutrophil ETs. Methods EVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of S. japonicum eggs and treated macrophages and neutrophils with E-EVs and Sja-miR-71a. The formation of ETs was then observed. Additionally, we infected mice with S. japonicum, administered HBAAV2/9-Sja-miR-71a, and the formation of macrophage ETs (METs) and neutrophil ETs (NETs) in the livers was measured. Sema4D-knockout mice, RNA sequencing, and trans-well assay were used to clarify Sja-miR-71a in E-EVs inhibits METs and NETs formation via the Sema4D/ PPAR-γ/ IL-10 axis. Results Our findings revealed that E-EVs were internalized by macrophages and neutrophils, leading to the inhibition of METs and NETs formation. The highly expressed Sja-miR-71a in E-EVs targeted Sema4D, resulting in the up-regulation of IL-10 and subsequent inhibition of METs and NETs formation. Sema4D knockout up-regulated IL-10 expression and inhibited the formation of METs and NETs. Furthermore, we further demonstrated that Sja-miR-71a inhibits METs and NETs formation via the Sema4D/ PPAR-γ/ IL-10 axis. Conclusions In summary, our findings provide new insights into the immune evasion abilities of Schistosome eggs by demonstrating their ability to inhibit the formation of METs and NETs through the secretion of EVs. This study enhances our understanding of the host-pathogen interaction and may have implications for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Video Abstrac

Resonance Light Scattering Study on the Formation of a Manganese (II) Coordination Supramolecular Polymer and Its Analytical Application

<div><p>The formation of a manganese (II) coordination supramolecular polymer was studied by resonance light scattering spectra for manganese (II) detection. Bis-sulfosalophen (a ditopic tetradentate Schiff base ligand) and bis-phenanthroline-glutaraldehyde (a ditopic bidentate ligand) were prepared for the construction of the supramolecular polymer. In a procedure of manganese (II) detection, manganese (II) ion reacts with bis-sulfosalophen to form a binuclear manganese (II) complex. The binuclear complex then self-assembles with bis-phenanthroline-glutaraldehyde to form the supramolecular polymer, resulting in the production of strong resonance light scattering signal. The amount of manganese was detected by measuring the resonance light scattering intensity. Under optimal conditions, a linear range was found to be 0.5–50.0 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL. The method has been successfully applied to determine manganese in vegetable and tea samples with relative standard deviations of less than 5% and recoveries of 95.8–105.7%.</p></div

Diagnostic Potential of microRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Pneumonia&mdash;A Preliminary Report

Current clinical needs require the development and use of rapid and effective diagnostic indicators to accelerate the identification of pneumonia and the process of microbiological diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become attractive candidates for novel biomarkers to evaluate the presence and progress of many diseases. We assessed their performance as biomarkers of pneumonia. Patients were divided into the pneumonia group (with pneumonia) and the control group (without pneumonia). We identified and compared two upregulated miRNAs in EVs derived from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF-EVs) between the two groups (PmiR&ndash;17&ndash;5p = 0.009; PmiR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p = 0.031). Interestingly, in cell-debris pellets and EVs-free supernatants derived from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF-cell-debris pellets and BALF-EVs-free supernatants), total plasma, and EVs derived from plasma (plasma-EVs), the expression of miR&ndash;17&ndash;5p and miR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p showed no difference between pneumonia group and control group. In vitro experiments revealed that miR&ndash;17&ndash;5p and miR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p were strikingly upregulated in EVs derived from macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. MiR&ndash;17&ndash;5p (area under the curve, AUC: 0.753) and miR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p (AUC: 0.692) in BALF-EVs are not inferior to procalcitonin (AUC: 0.685) in the diagnosis of pneumonia. Furthermore, miR&ndash;17&ndash;5p and miR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p in BALF-EVs had a significantly higher specificity compared to procalcitonin and could be served as a potential diagnostic marker. MiR&ndash;17&ndash;5p and miR&ndash;193a&ndash;5p in EVs may be involved in lung inflammation by influencing the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. This study is one of the few studies which focused on the potential diagnostic role of miRNAs in BALF-EVs for pneumonia and the possibility to use them as new biomarkers for a rapid and early diagnosis

Knockout of Sema4D alleviates liver fibrosis by suppressing AOX1 expression

Liver fibrosis can occur in many chronic liver diseases, and no effective treatments are available due to the poorly characterized molecular pathogenesis. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) has immune functions and serves important roles in T cell priming. Here, we found that Sema4D was highly expressed in fibrotic liver, and the expression of Sema4D increased with hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. Knockout of Sema4D alleviated liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, knockout of Sema4D alleviated liver fibrosis by suppressing the expression of AOX1 in retinol metabolism. Further investigation demonstrated that retinoic acid receptor α (RARA), an important nuclear receptor of retinoic acid, was reduced by Sema4D knockout during liver fibrogenesis. Sema4D knockout-mediated suppression of liver fibrosis was partly mediated by regulating the balance of Th1, Th2, Th17, and T-bet+Treg cells via inhibiting AOX1/RARA. Thus, targeting Sema4D may hold promise as a potential therapeutic approach for treating liver fibrosis