Genetically modified soybean expressing insecticidal protein (Cry1Ac): Management risk and perspectives

A Bt soybean has been recently developed, thus, efficiently regulating the populations of major lepidopteran pests. However, in other cases, these benefits have been reduced or lost because of the rapid evolution of pest resistance to the Bt toxins in transgenic crops. When pest populations are exposed to Bt crops and to refuges (non-Bt plants), the evolution of resistance is governed by the fitness of resistant individuals relative to susceptible individuals for both the presence and absence of Bt toxins. One major ecological concern regarding the biosafety of Bt crops on the environment is their potential effects on non-target organisms, especially predators and parasitoids that play an important role in pest control. This information is important for supporting insect resistance management (IRM) programs and for improving agricultural practices in a crop production system with Bt plants. Before the use of Bt plants for insect pest control in Brazil is adopted, IRM programs should be established to ensure the sustainability of this technology for integrated pest management (IPM). This review presents data on Bt soybean and lepidopteran pests as well as on the importance of natural enemies as a form of biological control, and applications for IPM and IRM

Microbial, physical and chemical properties of irrigation water in rice fields of Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of microbiological, physical and chemical parameters related to the quality of the water used in rice fields in Southern Brazil. Data were collected during three consecutive crop years, within structure of a comprehensive monitoring program. The indicators used were: potential hydrogen, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, total and fecal coliforms. Principal Component and Discriminant Analysis showed consistent differences between the water irrigation and drainage, as the temporal variation demonstrated a clear reduction in the concentration of most of the variables analyzed. The pattern of this reduction is not the same in the two regions - that is, the importance of each of the different variables in the observed differentiation is modified in two locations. These results suggested that the variations in the water quality utilized for rice irrigation was influenced by certain specific aspects of each rice region in South Brazilian - such as anthropic action or soil/climate conditions in each hydrographic basin

1601P Ideal cardiovascular health (ICVH) in patients with a recent diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC)

Background: Cardiovascular events are an important cause of mortality in patients cured of colorectal cancer and are also potential complications of new therapies for metastatic CRC. The American Heart Association’s “Simple 7” offers a practical public health conceptualization of cardiovascular health. They include healthy behaviours: non-smoking, active physical activity (MVPA > 150 min/w), healthy diet and low body mass index (BMI); and health factors: no hypertension, no diabetes, no hypercholesterolemia. Whereas factors are non-modifiable, behaviours can be changed. Studies have shown that prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in the US is only 0.1%. Methods: Patients with a recent diagnosis of CRC who accepted to participate were prospectively evaluated. BMI, blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol were measured at the hospital. Physical activity was objectively evaluated with accelerometers. Adherence to a healthy diet was evaluated through the PREDIMED (adherence to Mediterranean diet) questionnaire. Information about smoking and past cardiovascular disease or risk factors was obtained from the clinical record. Results: 91 patients were recruited between March 15 and March 17. 36% were metastatic. Age 65 (25-81), 69% male 31% female, BMI 26.2 ±3.6, Waist 95,6 ±12 cm, mean MVPA 350±248 min/wk, mean sedentarism 3394±1123. 9% had a history of CV disease (ischemic, cerebrovascular, heart failure). 34% were classified as high CV risk. Only one patient showed an ICVH. Conclusions: The prevalence of ICVH in a population of Spanish CRC patients was 1%. This population was overall compliant with PA recommendations, adhered to a healthy diet and less than 10% smoke in the last year. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor. Overweight was the most prevalent unhealthy behaviour. Interventions should be aimed at reducing BMI. Interventions exploring programs with vigorous physical activity and diet modifications in CRC survivors are warranted.Sin financiación13.930 JCR (2017) Q1, 9/223 Oncology5.599 SJR (2017) Q1, 4/134 Hematology, 35/2878 Medicine (miscellaneous), 9/378 OncologyNo data IDR 2017UE