1,928 research outputs found
Coherent acceleration of material wavepackets in modulated optical fields
We study the quantum dynamics of a material wavepacket bouncing off a
modulated atomic mirror in the presence of a gravitational field. We find the
occurrence of coherent accelerated dynamics for atoms beyond the familiar
regime of dynamical localization. The acceleration takes place for certain
initial phase space data and within specific windows of modulation strengths.
The realization of the proposed acceleration scheme is within the range of
present day experimental possibilities
Isolated resonances in conductance fluctuations in ballistic billiards
We study numerically quantum transport through a billiard with a classically
mixed phase space. In particular, we calculate the conductance and Wigner delay
time by employing a recursive Green's function method. We find sharp, isolated
resonances with a broad distribution of resonance widths in both the
conductance and the Wigner time, in contrast to the well-known smooth
conductance fluctuations of completely chaotic billiards. In order to elucidate
the origin of the isolated resonances, we calculate the associated scattering
states as well as the eigenstates of the corresponding closed system. As a
result, we find a one-to-one correspondence between the resonant scattering
states and eigenstates of the closed system. The broad distribution of
resonance widths is traced to the structure of the classical phase space.
Husimi representations of the resonant scattering states show a strong overlap
either with the regular regions in phase space or with the hierarchical parts
surrounding the regular regions. We are thus lead to a classification of the
resonant states into regular and hierarchical, depending on their phase space
portrait.Comment: 2 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.,
proceedings Localisation 2002 (Tokyo, Japan
Regular-to-chaotic tunneling rates using a fictitious integrable system
We derive a formula predicting dynamical tunneling rates from regular states
to the chaotic sea in systems with a mixed phase space. Our approach is based
on the introduction of a fictitious integrable system that resembles the
regular dynamics within the island. For the standard map and other kicked
systems we find agreement with numerical results for all regular states in a
regime where resonance-assisted tunneling is not relevant.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Time-independent approximations for periodically driven systems with friction
The classical dynamics of a particle that is driven by a rapidly oscillating
potential (with frequency ) is studied. The motion is separated into a
slow part and a fast part that oscillates around the slow part. The motion of
the slow part is found to be described by a time-independent equation that is
derived as an expansion in orders of (in this paper terms to the
order are calculated explicitly). This time-independent equation
is used to calculate the attracting fixed points and their basins of
attraction. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with numerical
solutions of the original time-dependent problem.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Revised version. Minor change
When can Fokker-Planck Equation describe anomalous or chaotic transport?
The Fokker-Planck Equation, applied to transport processes in fusion plasmas,
can model several anomalous features, including uphill transport, scaling of
confinement time with system size, and convective propagation of externally
induced perturbations. It can be justified for generic particle transport
provided that there is enough randomness in the Hamiltonian describing the
dynamics. Then, except for 1 degree-of-freedom, the two transport coefficients
are largely independent. Depending on the statistics of interest, the same
dynamical system may be found diffusive or dominated by its L\'{e}vy flights.Comment: 4 pages. Accepted in Physical Review Letters. V2: only some minor
change
Degeneracy Between the Regge Slope of Mesons and Baryons from Supersymmetry
We consider the degeneracy between the Regge slope of mesons and baryons in
QCD. We argue that within the "orientifold large-N approximation"
asymptotically massive mesons and baryons become supersymmetric partners and
hence degenerate. To this end, we generalize QCD by a SU(N) theory with a quark
in the two-index antisymmetric representation. We show that in this framework
the meson is represented by an oriented bosonic QCD-string and the baryon is
represented by an un-oriented fermionic QCD-string. At large-N, due to an
equivalence with super Yang-Mills, the tensions of the bosonic and the
fermionic strings coincide. Our description of mesons and baryons as oriented
and un-oriented bosonic and fermionic QCD-strings is in full agreement with the
spectra of open strings in the dual type 0' string theory.Comment: v2: extended version. Appendices and references adde
Drastic facilitation of the onset of global chaos in a periodically driven Hamiltonian system due to an extremum in the dependence of eigenfrequency on energy
The Chirikov resonance-overlap criterion predicts the onset of global chaos
if nonlinear resonances overlap in energy, which is conventionally assumed to
require a non-small magnitude of perturbation. We show that, for a
time-periodic perturbation, the onset of global chaos may occur at unusually
{\it small} magnitudes of perturbation if the unperturbed system possesses more
than one separatrix. The relevant scenario is the combination of the overlap in
the phase space between resonances of the same order and their overlap in
energy with chaotic layers associated with separatrices of the unperturbed
system. One of the most important manifestations of this effect is a drastic
increase of the energy range involved into the unbounded chaotic transport in
spatially periodic system driven by a rather {\it weak} time-periodic force,
provided the driving frequency approaches the extremal eigenfrequency or its
harmonics. We develop the asymptotic theory and verify it in simulations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX, to appear PR
Bose-Einstein Condensate Driven by a Kicked Rotor in a Finite Box
We study the effect of different heating rates of a dilute Bose gas confined
in a quasi-1D finite, leaky box. An optical kicked-rotor is used to transfer
energy to the atoms while two repulsive optical beams are used to confine the
atoms. The average energy of the atoms is localized after a large number of
kicks and the system reaches a nonequilibrium steady state. A numerical
simulation of the experimental data suggests that the localization is due to
energetic atoms leaking over the barrier. Our data also indicates a correlation
between collisions and the destruction of the Bose-Einstein condensate
fraction.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
Web-assisted tunneling in the kicked harmonic oscillator
We show that heating of harmonically trapped ions by periodic delta kicks is
dramatically enhanced at isolated values of the Lamb-Dicke parameter. At these
values, quasienergy eigenstates localized on island structures undergo avoided
crossings with extended web-states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
A classical scaling theory of quantum resonances
The quantum resonances occurring with delta-kicked particles are studied with
the help of a fictitious classical limit, establishing a direct correspondence
between the nearly resonant quantum motion and the classical resonances of a
related system. A scaling law which characterizes the structure of the resonant
peaks is derived and numerically demonstrated.Comment: 4 pages, 2 Fig
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