Making Green Real – How to Promote Greenery in Real Estate Development

Climate change and rising temperatures particularly affect the built environment and intensify the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in cities. Nature-based solutions can have a balancing function and reduce overheating. However, greenery still receives too little attention in architecture and is added as an additional element at the end of the planning phase or even after the building has been constructed. For a climate resilient urban development in the future, in addition to a change in processes, a change in real estate development and in the project management is necessary. At least, three preconditions must be met for this to happen: • Sound knowledge base: Many studies already exist proving the positive effects of nature-based solutions for densely built cities. However, the knowledge transfer to real estate companies is still insufficient as they require precise and site-specific information showing effectiveness of greenery on microclimate, building envelope and indoor temperature. At best, analyses apply a system view and consider interrelations with water and energy. • Greenery-friendly planning framework: Real estate development takes place in compliance with local planning standards and procedures. Planning strategies and regulations, standards, urban development contracts and funding programmes strongly influence urban design and development and hereby have great potential to promote greening. • Integrated mindset: In architecture and real estate development, it is still not standard to include greenery and nature-based solutions in design, planning and construction. Building optimization also includes greening. Thus, it needs an integrated mindset regarding greenery as natural part of architecture. This requires more awareness and knowledge about climate change and the benefits of nature-based solutions on quality of life and value of real estates in the long run. The paper summarizes the experience of an interdisciplinary cooperation in the research project GreenDeal4Real and addresses all three aspects in detail. Analyses of the planning framework in Vienna and impacts of greening measures on the microclimate are described and general conclusions for more green in real estate development are drawn

Stratigraphy and facies at the south margin of the Archean Noranda Caldera

La région de Rouyn-Noranda se trouve à la limite de la zone archéenne d'Abitibi, dans la province Supérieure du Bouclier Canadien. Les formations comprennent une partie du groupe supérieur de Blake River laquelle est caractérisée, à Rouyn-Noranda, par des volcans calc-alcalins recouvrant une plaine de basalte tholéitique. Les plutons granitoïdes Flavrian et Lac Dufault occupent maintenant l'axe d'un synclinorium le long duquel une éruption de rhyolite a eu lieu progressivement vers l'est, à partir de centres d'éruption au-dessus d'une chambre commune de magma. La région étudiée couvre une superficie d1approximativement 5km2, autour des dykes de Quémont, situés à la marge sud-est de la caldeira archéenne de Noranda. Les dykes de Quémont ont nourri la coulée Quémont, qui se trouve restreinte au bloc de soulèvement. Les andésites de la formation de Powell remplissent la zone d'effondrement au nord-ouest des dykes de Quémont. L'ensemble volcanique est recouvert de la formation de rhyolite Heré. Deux coulées pyroclastiques, interlities avec les coulées de l'andésite Powell, démontrent une évolution de textures sédimentaires proximale à distale. La coulée inférieure présente une séquence de granoclassement inverse à normale et enfin stratifié sur^une longueur de 1.1km; son origine provient de la retombée rapide des débris d'une éruption phréatique sub-acqueuse sur la crête de la caldeira. Autour de la cheminée on retrouve des débris pyroclastiques grossiers (la Brèche de Quémont) ayant été abandonnés lors du passage de la coulée pyroclastique. La coulée pyroclastique supérieure est enracinée dans une brèche in-situ à l'intérieur d'un des dykes de Quémont et a été initiée par une éruption phréatique. La séquence latérale primaire présente des caractéristiques de coulée de débris typiques d'un courant de haute densité, évoluant dans un courant de faible densité avec dépôt de turbidites. Dans la formation Powell, le membre rhyolitique à été mis en place peu après le commencement de l'activité pyroclastique ce qui a donné naissance au membre tufacé de la formation. Ce tuf comprend des cendres, des cendres grossières, des tufs à lapillis, des tufs remobilisés et des turbidites grossières. Excepté quand le tuf est directement recouvert par la rhyolite Héré, les fragments sont typiques de la formation Powell, c'est-à-dire, des fragments rhyolitiques à porphyres de quartz. Les fragments sont angulaires, sans vésicularité, ce qui suggère un processus phréatique avec peu de composante magmatique. La déformation syn-sédimentaire et 1'interlitageé des coussins indiquent que les tufs se sont déposés en milieu sub-acqueux. Les évidences de remobilisation (rides, dunes, lits-entrecroisés, chenaux) indiquent un courant unidirectionnel ("vague de fond"?) provenant du sud-est, c'est-à-dire, la crête de la caldeira. Le sommet de la formation Powell est caractérisé par un assemblage de lits granoclassés, composés de fragments de rhyolite Powell et de rhyolite Héré. Le début de l'activité Héré met fin à la caldeira: les coulées rhyolite Héré couvrent la formation Powell située dans l'ancien bassin, ainsi que les formations sur la crête de la caldeira

Age-friendly Urban Living Environment and Quality of Public Space

Due to the corona crisis and its consequences for the target group 65+, the term autonomy and self-determination in old age was assigned a further great meaning and is becoming extremely important. 43 percent of corona deaths in Austria are residents of retirement and nursing homes. Mental illnesses as a result, caused by isolation, such as restrictions on going out and visiting by others and the fear of dying alone. All of these are factors that drastically reduce the demand for the traditional nursing home as a residence for the 65+ target group. And still, we are right in the middle of the age shift due to demographic change, which increase the need for adaptation of the living environment. The over 65-year-old population in Europe is forecast to increase by an average of up to 55% by 2050. Housing in connection with the urban environment is an essential factor to remain autonomous.Housing must not be considered in isolation, but in context. Here, not only one's own home plays an important role, but also public space and open space. This paper will use the research survey of 307 people of the 65+ target group living in Graz to investigate what conditions need to be met in order to create an age-friendly district where people 65+ can live autonomously. Questions were asked in the areas of digitalisation, social life, infrastructure and mobility, in relation to habit and relevance. 86% would not think of changing their residence, the idea of leaving one's own home to become dependent is not widely accepted. Here, the public space in the immediate vicinity of the housing situation is a decisive factor because it is a place of social interaction. A place where collective life is created. Loneliness in old age is often accompanied by the lack of accessibility to public spaces. How should public space be designed for the daily walk? What distances are manageable for daily errands? Living in connection with the external context, such as a barrier-free accessible green space, is important for over 95 percent of the target group. The daily route must be barrier-free and easily manageable. Infrastructure, mobility and public space play a major role here. Homes and their associated open spaces must have alternative concepts to strengthen connections and promote community. Using the survey results as a foundation for a senior-friendly city, this paper looks at factors for a better quality of life. In view of demographic change, urban development must go hand in hand with the requirements of public space. Based on the survey a principle recommendation for the transformation of public space are suggested. It means high-quality designed public spaces in combination with easily accessible, barrier-free mobility and infrastructure

Development and mining of a database of historic European paper properties

A database of historic paper properties was developed using 729 samples of European origin (1350–1990), analysed for acidity, degree or polymerisation (DP), molecular weight of cellulose, grammage, tensile strength, as well as contents of ash, aluminium, carbonyl groups, rosin, protein, lignin and fibre furnish. Using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and principal component analysis, the data were examined with respect to methods of manufacture, as well as chemical stability of paper. Novel patterns emerged related to loss of DP and accumulation of carbonyl groups and acidity with time and the role of lignin and rosin, as well as rate of degradation (k = 10−5 year−1) at room conditions. In-depth understanding of long-term degradation of lignin and rosin is needed to better understand the relationships between composition and degradation of historic paper. This study highlights the importance of mining significant volumes of analytical data, and its variability, obtained from real historic objects