Computer simulation of the thermal profiles developed during magnetite oxidation in a traveling grate pellet plant

A mathematical model which describes heat and mass transfer in the packed bed of a traveling grate pelletizing machine has been written. This mathematical model enables the temperature profiles which develop in the packed bed of a traveling grate pelletizing machine while magnetite oxidation occurs to be simulated. The model was written by formulating differential heat and mass balances for a thin slice of the bed which travels through the pelletizing furnace

Student Reports of Time Spent on Homework: Results from 20 Years Of National Samples

As part of the Monitoring the Future annual survey, researchers from the University of Michigan have been asking representative national samples of high school seniors about the number of hours they spend on homework each week. Here are the results for the past 20 years, from 1976 to 1995.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66983/2/10.1177_019263659708159115.pd

Trends in Non-Assigned Reading by High School Seniors

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66634/2/10.1177_019263659608058417.pd

P‐11: DC/AC Electrical Instability of R.F. Sputter Amorphous In‐Ga‐Zn‐O TFTs

The paper presents the study of electrical instability of RF sputter amorphous In‐Ga‐Zn‐O (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) induced by negative steady‐state (or D.C.) bias‐temperature‐stress (BTS). Similarly to positive BTS results [8], the stress time evolution of the threshold voltage shift (Δ V th ) induced by negative BTS under different stress voltages and temperatures can all be described by the stretched‐exponential model. for the first time, we also present the results for Δ V th under pulse (or A.C.) BTS. The Δ V th for positive A.C. BTS is found to have a pulse‐period dependence while a huge reduction of Δ V th is found for all negative A. C. BTS results. This might suggest the time for holes to accumulate near the a‐IGZO/ SiO 2 interface is much longer than the time for electrons. The effect of bi‐polar stressing is also discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92026/1/1.3256481.pd

Students and Their Meetings with Guidance Counselors: Findings From a National Study

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66655/2/10.1177_019263659407856516.pd

Friction surface structure of a Cf/C–SiC composite brake disc after bedding testing on a full-scale dynamometer

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Tribology International and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.03.010.We have examined friction surface structure of a carbon ceramic brake disc tested on a full-scale dynamometer with microscopy techniques. The bedded friction surface is composed of two types of regions: transferred materials (TM) and SiC. The TM regions were formed through the deposition of wear debris into surface voids, followed by compaction and crystallite refinement during braking. A thin friction layer (FL) was developed on top of TM and SiC regions with nano-sized copper/iron oxide crystallites as the primary constituent. Analysis shows that debris generated from pad is the main source of TM and FL. No evidence shows chemical diffusion bonding between TM and composite constituent. On silicon carbide surface, dislocations were activated as the sources of surface fracture

Carly: The Miniature Autonomous Vein Injection Robot

Vein injection is the process by which a needle is mechanically inserted into the vein of a subject, and is the basis for which either medicine delivery or blood withdrawal can occur. Classically, vein injection has been performed by trained nurses or doctors. However, the success rate for such trained professionals is only at 70% [1], and the aim of this research is to provide a more accurate and robust solution by leveraging the best that robotics has to offer. This report covers the design, construction and testing of a continuous autonomous roto-linear γ bot (CARLY, where γ is the process of vein searching and injection). If successful, it will be the first and smallest one of its kind–no current state of the art fully autonomous vein injection robot has ever been built before. Idea and principle is prioritized over granular detail; the aim of this report is to convey the creativity behind the iterative design process rather than a precise delineation of all steps conducted; the former assumes less knowledge on the part of the reader and conveys essence rather than substance. Organization is provided along three main axes: design, construction and testing, thus highlighting the critical components of the design iteration process. Special emphasis is given to design however, since the most insight and original thinking occurs at this stage in development process. Along these three axes, the report is further broken down into separate hardware, electrical and software modules given the wide scope of the project. Overall 3+ design iterations were obtained before obtaining the final design configuration. The final design configuration contains patent pending bi-axial roto-linear actuation with an infrared based vein imaging system and adaptive self-correcting laser alignment system. Robot architecture is supported by custom control system (optimal control based) as well as a CAN bus network for robust medical grade node to node communication within the machine (supported by custom PCB development). It is shown that Carly succesfully meets design specifications where testing is available

Carly: The Miniature Autonomous Vein Injection Robot

Vein injection is the process by which a needle is mechanically inserted into the vein of a subject, and is the basis for which either medicine delivery or blood withdrawal can occur. Classically, vein injection has been performed by trained nurses or doctors. However, the success rate for such trained professionals is only at 70% [1], and the aim of this research is to provide a more accurate and robust solution by leveraging the best that robotics has to offer. This report covers the design, construction and testing of a continuous autonomous roto-linear γ bot (CARLY, where γ is the process of vein searching and injection). If successful, it will be the first and smallest one of its kind–no current state of the art fully autonomous vein injection robot has ever been built before. Idea and principle is prioritized over granular detail; the aim of this report is to convey the creativity behind the iterative design process rather than a precise delineation of all steps conducted; the former assumes less knowledge on the part of the reader and conveys essence rather than substance. Organization is provided along three main axes: design, construction and testing, thus highlighting the critical components of the design iteration process. Special emphasis is given to design however, since the most insight and original thinking occurs at this stage in development process. Along these three axes, the report is further broken down into separate hardware, electrical and software modules given the wide scope of the project. Overall 3+ design iterations were obtained before obtaining the final design configuration. The final design configuration contains patent pending bi-axial roto-linear actuation with an infrared based vein imaging system and adaptive self-correcting laser alignment system. Robot architecture is supported by custom control system (optimal control based) as well as a CAN bus network for robust medical grade node to node communication within the machine (supported by custom PCB development). It is shown that Carly succesfully meets design specifications where testing is available