29,988 research outputs found
Magnetic Component of Quark-Gluon Plasma
We describe recent developments of the "magnetic scenario" of sQGP. We show
that at there is a dense plasma of monopoles, capable of
supporting metastable flux tubes. Their existence allows to quantitatively
explained the non-trivial -dependence of the static potential
energy calculated on the lattice. By molecular dynamics simulation we derived
transport properties (shear viscosity and diffusion constant) and showed that
the best liquid is given by most symmetric plasma, with 50%-50% of electric and
magnetic charges. The results are close to those of the ``perfect liquid''
observed at RHIC.Comment: Contribution to the 20th International Conference on Nucleus Nucleus
Collisions (Quark Matter 2008
Interaction of cosmic background neutrinos with matter of periodic structure
We study coherent interaction of cosmic background neutrinos(CBNs) with
matter of periodic structure. The mixing and small masses of neutrinos
discovered in neutrino oscillation experiments indicate that CBNs which have
very low energy today should be in mass states and can transform from one mass
state to another in interaction with electrons in matter. We show that in a
coherent scattering process a periodic matter structure designed to match the
scale of the mass square difference of neutrinos can enhance the conversion of
CBNs from one mass state to another. Energy of CBNs can be released in this
scattering process and momentum transfer from CBNs to electrons in target
matter can be obtained.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, publication versio
Interactions between cadmium and lead with acidic soils: Experimental evidence of similar adsorption patterns for a wide range of metal concentrations and the implications of metal migration
The importance of high- and low-affinity surface sites for cadmium and lead adsorption in typical European and Asian soils was investigated. Adsorption experiments on surface and deep horizons of acidic brown (Vosges, France) and red loess soils (Hunan, China) were performed at 25 ◦C as a function of the pH (3.5–8) and a large range of metal concentrations in solution (10−9–10−4 mol l−1). We studied the adsorption kinetics using a Cd2+-selective electrode and desorption experiments as a function of the solid/solution ratio and pH. At a constant solution pH, all samples exhibited similar maximal adsorption capacities (4.0 ± 0.5 µmol/g Cd and 20 ± 2 µmol/g Pb). A constant slope of adsorbed–dissolved concentration dependence was valid over 5 orders of magnitude of metal concentrations. Universal Langmuir and Freundlich equations and the SCM formalism described the adsorption isotherms and the pH-dependent adsorption edge over very broad ranges of metal concentrations, indicating no high- or low-affinity sites for metal binding at the soil surface under these experimental conditions. At pH 5, Cd and Pb did not compete, in accordance with the SCM. The metal adsorption ability exceeded the value for soil protection by two orders of magnitude, but only critical load guarantees soil protection since metal toxicity depends on metal availability
InGaAs implant-free quantum-well MOSFETs: performance evaluation using 3D Monte Carlo simulation
In this paper we use numerical simulations to evaluate the performance of III-V Implant-Free Quantum-Well
(IFQW) MOSFET devices that offer simultaneously high channel mobility, high drive current and excellent
electrostatic integrity. Using 3D Monte Carlo simulations we show that to fully understand the performance of
this device architecture, Fermi-Dirac statistics and quantum-corrections must be considered to account for the
impact of low density-of-states and quantum confinement in the channel layer respectively
Non-standard interactions of solar neutrinos in dark matter experiments
Non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) affect both their propagation
through matter and their detection, with bounds on NSI parameters coming from
various astrophysical and terrestrial neutrino experiments. In this paper, we
show that NSI can be probed in future direct dark matter detection experiments
through both elastic neutrino-electron scattering and coherent neutrino-nucleus
scattering, and that these channels provide complementary probes of NSI. We
show NSI can increase the event rate due to solar neutrinos, with a sharp
increase for lower nuclear recoil energy thresholds that are within reach for
upcoming detectors. We also identify an interference range of NSI parameters
for which the rate is reduced by approximately 40\%. Finally, we show that the
"dark side" solution for the solar neutrino mixing angle may be discovered at
forthcoming direct detection experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
From the chiral magnetic wave to the charge dependence of elliptic flow
The quark-gluon plasma formed in heavy ion collisions contains charged chiral
fermions evolving in an external magnetic field. At finite density of electric
charge or baryon number (resulting either from nuclear stopping or from
fluctuations), the triangle anomaly induces in the plasma the Chiral Magnetic
Wave (CMW). The CMW first induces a separation of the right and left chiral
charges along the magnetic field; the resulting dipolar axial charge density in
turn induces the oppositely directed vector charge currents leading to an
electric quadrupole moment of the quark-gluon plasma. Boosted by the strong
collective flow, the electric quadrupole moment translates into the charge
dependence of the elliptic flow coefficients, so that
(at positive net charge). Using the latest quantitative simulations of the
produced magnetic field and solving the CMW equation, we make further
quantitative estimates of the produced splitting and its centrality
dependence. We compare the results with the available experimental data.Comment: Contains 12 pages, 6 figures, written as a proceeding for the talk of
Y. Burnier at the conference "P and CP-odd Effects in Hot and Dense Matter
2012" held in BN
Angular Dependence of Jet Quenching Indicates Its Strong Enhancement Near the QCD Phase Transition
We study dependence of jet quenching on matter density, using "tomography" of
the fireball provided by RHIC data on azimuthal anisotropy of high
hadron yield at different centralities. Slicing the fireball into shells with
constant (entropy) density, we derive a "layer-wise geometrical limit"
which is indeed above the data . Interestingly, the
limit is reached only if quenching is dominated by shells with the entropy
density exactly in the near- region. We show two models that
simultaneously describe the high and data and conclude
that such a description can be achieved only if the jet quenching is few times
stronger in the near- region relative to QGP at . One possible
reason for that may be recent indications that the near- region is a
magnetic plasma of relatively light color-magnetic monopoles.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Final version published as PRL102,202302(2009
- …