Voltage-induced strain clocking of nanomagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropies

Nanomagnetic logic (NML) has attracted attention during the last two decades due to its promise of high energy efficiency combined with non-volatility. Data transmission in NML relies on Bennett clocking through dipole interaction between neighboring nanomagnetic bits. This paper uses a fully coupled finite element model to simulate Bennett clocking based on strain-mediated multiferroic system for Ni, CoFeB and Terfenol-D with perpendicular magnetic anisotropies. Simulation results demonstrate that Terfenol-D system has the highest energy efficiency, which is 2 orders of magnitude more efficient than Ni and CoFeB. However, the high efficiency is associated with switching incoherency due to its large magnetostriction coefficient. It is also suggested that the CoFeB clocking system is slower and has lower bit-density than in Ni or Terfenol-D systems due to its large dipole coupling. Moreover, we demonstrate that the precessional perpendicular switching and the Bennett clocking can be achieved using the same strain-mediated multiferroic architecture with different voltage pulsing. This study opens new possibilities to an all-spin in-memory computing system

Gender Determination using Fingerprint Features

Several previous studies have investigated the gender difference of the fingerprint features. However, regarding to the statistical significance of such differences, inconsistent results have been obtained. To resolve this problem and to develop a method for gender determination, this work proposes and tests three fingertip features for gender determination. Fingerprints were obtained from 115 normal healthy adults comprised of 57 male and 58 female volunteers. All persons were born in Taiwan and were of Han nationality. The age range was18-35 years. The features of this study are ridge count, ridge density, and finger size, all three of which can easily be determined by counting and calculation. Experimental results show that the tested ridge density features alone are not very effective for gender determination. However, the proposed ridge count and finger size features of left little fingers are useful, achieving a classification accuracy of 75% (P-valu

A Comparative Study for 2D and 3D Computer-aided Diagnosis Methods for Solitary Pulmonary Nodules

Many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods, including 2D and 3D approaches, have been proposed for solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). However, the detection and diagnosis of SPNs remain challenging in many clinical circumstances. One goal of this work is to investigate the relative diagnostic accuracy of 2D and 3D methods. An additional goal is to develop a two-stage approach that combines the simplicity of 2D and the accuracy of 3D methods. The experimental results show statistically significant differences between the diagnostic accuracy of 2D and 3D methods. The results also show that with a very minor drop in diagnostic performance the two-stage approach can significantly reduce the number of nodules needed to be processed by the 3D method, streamlining the computational demand

THE EFFECTS OF CORE STABILITY TRAINING ON THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN AND POSTURAL STABILITY IN COLLEGIATE STUDENTS

This study evaluated effects of core stability training (CST) on the functional movement screen (FMS) and postural stability (PS) in healthy young collegiate students. 28 healthy collegiate female students were assigned to an experimental (CST exercises twice a week for six weeks) or control group (equal time of warm-up and stretching exercises only). The CST combined Pilates and Swiss ball exercise for fifty minutes, twice per week, for six weeks. FMS scores were evaluated by a certified professional. The PS was evaluated by the 8-direction limits of stability (LOS) test using the Biodex Balance System. Repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed the FMS and LOS performances in the experiment group were significantly improved after training. It was concluded that regular CST can improve the performance of FMS and dynamic postural stability in healthy young students

THE EFFECTS OF CORE STABILITY TRAINING ON DYNAMIC BALANCE IN HEALTHY YOUNG STUDENTS

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of core stability training (CST) on dynamic balance in healthy young students. 24 healthy collegiate female students volunteered and underwent a series of CST exercise. Dynamic balance was evaluated by the 8-direction limits of stability (LOS) test. The CST combined the Pilates mat and Swiss ball exercise, ninety minutes, twice per week, for six weeks. The LOS performance in right and backward-right directions at level 3 was significant improved in post-training than pre-training. Furthermore, The LOS performance in overall, forward, right, forward,left, backward-right, and backward-left directions at level 6 were significant improved in post-training than pre-training. It is concluded that regular CST can improve the dynamic postural stability in healthy young students

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN AND THE POSTURAL STABILITY IN COLLEGIATE ATHLETES

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a tool developed recently not only to aid in the prevention of injury by objectively measuring dysfunction and asymmetries within movement patterns, but also could be used as a baseline for further strength, conditioning, or athletic development. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the scores of FMS in relation to the postural stability (PS) in collegiate athletes. A total of 30 male, basketball athletes volunteered to join this study. The PS were measured by the Biodex Balance System as the displacements of the center of foot pressure (COP) in the limits of stability. The score of FMS were evaluated by one certified professional experts. The results showed that the score of FMS has relation to the performance of the PS in a certain extent, especially in the FMS-shoulder mobility to the LOS overall level 6 (r=.26-.41), in the FMS-active straight leg raise to the LOS forward, backward, right, right-back level 6 (r=.30-.39), and in the FMS-trunk stability push-up to the LOS right, back, and right-forward. It was concluded that the score of FMS might be used to evaluate and/or predict the performance of the PS in young, collegiate athletes

Multi-band Slot Antenna

A small-size printed antenna is developed for the application of mobile phones. The architecture of antenna bases on the concept of coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding with slot design. The antenna is planned by an inverted triangular monopole structure with the overall size of 50 mm×120 mm(shown in Fig.1). The proposed antenna was fabricated on PCB with FR4 dielectric substrate. The substrate thickness is 1.6 mmwith the relative permittivity of ~ 4.45. The slots are added to adjust resonance frequency and achieve characteristic of multi-band, which may cover the applications of GPS, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), and LTE (Long Term Evolution). By the trial of simulation to tune the design of slots, an optimum design of antenna can be obtained. Fig.2 presents the simulated and measured return loss of the antenna. Even though, there are few minor differences between the simulation and measured data. The measured and simulated results still can agree with each other. The achieved bandwidths are 0.54 to 1.01 GHz, 1.34 to 2.28 GHz, and 2.55 to 2.90 GHz, while the return loss ( ) is limited more than 6 dB. This antenna is well suitable for the using of mobile phone applications

Effects of natto extract on endothelial injury in a rat model

Vascular endothelial damage has been found to be associated with thrombus formation, which is considered to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A diet of natto leads to a low prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of natto extract on vascular endothelia damage with exposure to laser irradiation. Endothelial damage both in vitro and in vivo was induced by irradiation of rose bengal using a DPSS green laser. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay, and the intimal thickening was verified by a histological approach. The antioxidant content of natto extract was determined for the free radical scavenging activity. Endothelial cells were injured in the presence of rose bengal irradiated in a dose-dependent manner. Natto extract exhibits high levels of antioxidant activity compared with purified natto kinase. Apoptosis of laser-injured endothelial cells was significantly reduced in the presence of natto extract. Both the natto extract and natto kinase suppressed intimal thickening in rats with endothelial injury. The present findings suggest that natto extract suppresses vessel thickening as a synergic effect attributed to its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis properties

NOVA, a Noncommutative-ring Based Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar Signature Scheme with Key-randomness Alignment

In this paper, we propose a noncommutative-ring based unbalanced oil and vinegar signature scheme with key-randomness alignment: NOVA (Noncommutative Oil and Vinegar with Alignment). Instead of fields or even commutative rings, we show that noncommutative rings can be used for algebraic cryptosystems. At the same or better level of security requirement, NOVA has a much smaller public key than UOV (Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar), which makes NOVA practical in most situations. We use Magma to actually implement and give a detailed security analysis against known major attacks