Y-27632 treatment increases cloning efficiency of prostate stem cells in the prostate sphere assay and prostate regeneration assay.

<p>(A) Bar graph shows the sphere-forming units of primary and secondary prostate sphere cultures with and without Y-27632. Error bars represent means and STD from 3 wells. * <i>P</i><0.005, ** <i>P</i><0.05. (B) Images show the prostate tissues regenerated from dissociated prostate cells treated with and without Y-27632 prior to prostate regeneration. White bar  = 2 mm, black bars  = 100 µm. Bar graph shows the weight of regenerated tissues. Error bars represent means and STD from 4 grafts. * <i>P</i><0.005.</p

Y-27632 treatment confers prostate colony cells with replating capacity.

<p>Primary prostate colony cells were dissociated by trypsin and plated on collagen-coated 12-well plates in a dilution series ranging from 1,000 to 4,000 cells per well with and without Y-27632. (A) Trypan blue staining of secondary prostate colonies in the absence and presence of Y-27632. (B) Graph shows the number of colonies grown at each dilution plotted versus the input cell number. The slopes represent colony-forming units.</p

Efficient Conversion of Light Cycle Oil into High-Octane-Number Gasoline and Light Olefins over a Mesoporous ZSM‑5 Catalyst

Producing high-octane-number (ON) gasoline and light olefins is a promising route to valorize light cycle oil (LCO). In this work, the LCO was mildly hydrogenated and then catalytically cracked to produce high-ON gasoline and light olefins. Mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite (meso-ZSM-5) was prepared and, for the first time, was applied in this process to crack the hydrogenated LCO (hydro-LCO). The catalytic performance of meso-ZSM-5 was evaluated in detail under different reaction temperatures and weight hourly space velocities (WHSVs). The results showed that, in comparison to less than 64 wt % hydro-LCO conversion over the conventional ZSM-5 catalyst, the novel catalyst exhibited excellent performance in cracking hydro-LCO with quite a high conversion of 84.8 wt %, affording a gasoline yield of 56.4 wt % and light olefin yield of 19.3 wt % at 560 °C and 10 h^–1. In addition, the conversion behaviors of hydro-LCO components were analyzed over both the conventional ZSM-5 and meso-ZSM-5 catalysts. Finally, on the basis of the study of the acid and pore properties of both catalysts, a detailed intrinsic reason for enhanced performance was elucidated. It demonstrated that the remarkable catalytic performance of the meso-ZSM-5 catalyst was closely related to the high diffusion of reactants and the accessibility of acid sites

Y-27632 treatment increases the cloning efficiency of prostate stem cells in an in vitro prostate colony assay.

<p>(A) Trypan blue staining of prostate colonies grown in 12-well plates coated with collagen, matrigel and mitomysin-treated Swiss3T3 feeder layer with or without Y-27632. (B) Bar graphs compare the colony-forming activity. *P<0.05, **P<0.0005.</p

Simultaneous down-regulation of ROCK1 and ROCK2 expression increases the cloning efficiency of prostate colony cells.

<p>(A) Bar graph compares the colony-forming activity of WT and ROCK1 KO prostate colonies grown in 12-well collagen-coated plates with or without Y-27632. *<i>P</i><0.005, **<i>P</i><0.05. (B) Western Blot analysis of ROCK2 expression in ROCK1 null prostate colony cells treated with siRNAs targeting ROCK2 or the scrambled siRNA. (C) Bar graph compares the replating efficiency of the scambled siRNA- and ROCK2 siRNAs-treated ROCK1 null prostate colony cells. *<i>P</i><0.001.</p

Y-27632 treatment increases the prostate colony-forming activity of LSC (Lin⁻Sca-1⁺CD49f^high) basal cells by 8 fold. FACS sorted LSC cells from dsRED mice were plated on mitomysin-treated Swiss3T3 layer cells in a dilution series ranging from 133 to 2,667 cells per well with and without Y-27632.

<p>Graph shows the number of colonies grown at each dilution plotted versus the input cell number. The slopes represent colony-forming units.</p

Genome-Wide Identification of Small RNAs in <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> KLDS 2.0603 and Their Regulation Role in the Adaption to Gastrointestinal Environment

<div><p>Objective</p><p><i>Bifidobacteria</i> are one of the predominant bacterial species in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and play a vital role in the host’s health by acting as probiotics. However, how they regulate themselves to adapt to GIT of their host remains unknown.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Eighteen <i>bifidobacterial</i> strains were used to analyze their adaptive capacities towards simulated GIT environment. The strain with highest survival rate and adhesion ability was selected for comparative genome as well as transcriptomic analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>The <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> KLDS 2.0603 strain was demonstrated to have the highest survival rate and adhesion ability in simulated GIT treatments. The comparative genome analysis revealed that the KLDS 2.0603 has most similar whole genome sequence compared with BB-12 strain. Eleven intergenic sRNAs were identified after genomes prediction and transcriptomic analysis of KLDS 2.0603. Transcriptomic analysis also showed that genes (mainly sRNAs targeted genes) and sRNAs were differentially expressed in different stress conditions, suggesting that sRNAs might play a crucial role in regulating genes involved in the stress resistance of this strain towards environmental changes.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This study first provided deep and comprehensive insights into the regulation of KLDS 2.0603 strain at transcription and post-transcription level towards environmental.</p></div

The sRNA regulation network of KLDS 2.0603 strain.

<p>The sRNA regulation network was constructed by Cytoscape. The yellow rhombuses represent sRNAs, the circles pointed by arrows represent the target genes. As many hypothetical proteins (like the one labeled by BAD_1128) in KLDS 2.0603 genome have homologous genes in ATCC-15703 genome, the hypothetical genes were represented by the homologous genes in this network.</p

The genetic information of predicted sRNA in KLDS 2.0603.

<p>The genetic information of predicted sRNA in KLDS 2.0603.</p

The genomic information of KLDS 2.0603 and other 9 reference strains.

<p>The genomic information of KLDS 2.0603 and other 9 reference strains.</p