4,853 research outputs found
Fast DGT Based Receivers for GFDM in Broadband Channels
Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) is a recent multicarrier
5G waveform candidate with flexibility of pulse shaping filters. However, the
flexibility of choosing a pulse shaping filter may result in inter carrier
interference (ICI) and inter symbol interference (ISI), which becomes more
severe in a broadband channel. In order to eliminate the ISI and ICI, based on
discrete Gabor transform (DGT), in this paper, a transmit GFDM signal is first
treated as an inverse DGT (IDGT), and then a frequency-domain DGT is formulated
to recover (as a receiver) the GFDM signal. Furthermore, to reduce the
complexity, a suboptimal frequency-domain DGT called local DGT (LDGT) is
developed. Some analyses are also given for the proposed DGT based receivers.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figure
Design Features and Academic Emotions in Educational Games
The purpose of this study is to investigate how the design features affect the players’ academic emotions in educational games. As a sample, 36 players were recruited to evaluate six electronic games on training players’ abilities to use the games. The researchers averaged their evaluation scores and considered related scales of three games concerning “Balance”, “Rescue” and “Gates of Logic.” Forty participants (19 female and 21 male) were tested on academic emotions and on the Learners’ Psychological Pleasure Scale. Results of this study reveal significant differences in educational games design features and academic emotions, such as a positive correlation between control and positive-high arousal emotions/ concentration and positive-high arousal emotions; a negative correlation between concentration and negative-low arousal emotions/ challenge; and a negative-high arousal emotions/immersion and negative emotions. Therefore, these results may contribute to the emotional design embedded in educational games
Electrocardiogram Baseline Wander Suppression Based on the Combination of Morphological and Wavelet Transformation Based Filtering
One of the major noise components in electrocardiogram (ECG) is the baseline wander (BW). Effective methods for suppressing BW include the wavelet-based (WT) and the mathematical morphological filtering-based (MMF)algorithms. However, the T waveform distortions introduced by the WTand the rectangular/trapezoidal distortions introduced by MMF degrade the quality of the output signal. Hence, in this study, we introduce a method by combining the MMF and WTto overcome the shortcomings of both existing methods. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, artificial ECG signals containing a clinicalBW are used for numerical simulation, and we also create a realistic model of baseline wander to compare the proposed method with
other state-of-the-art methods commonly used in the literature. /e results show that the BW suppression effect of the proposed method is better than that of the others. Also, the new method is capable of preserving the outline of the BW and avoiding waveform distortions caused by the morphology filter, thereby obtaining an enhanced quality of ECG
Regional non-intrusive electric vehicle monitoring based on graph signal processing
Electricity network is leading to a low carbon future with high penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (EVs). However, it is extraordinarily difficult to acquire detailed information on regional EV electrification with an incomplete monitoring system for network operators. In this study, a flexible graph signal processing (GSP)-based non-intrusive monitoring on aggregated EVs is proposed to enhance the EVs visibility for operating power system safely and cost-efficiently. It can deduce the individual EV charging status with the highest possibility iteratively from the limited dataset using a GSP-based possibility calculation after processing a daytime EV characteristic charging patterns. The experiment is developed with realistic EV charging datasets collected in London, and the results show the daily EVs number in a specific region of 500 EVs daily aggregation can be estimated efficiently with an around 4.77% value of relative mean absolute deviation applying the proposed method.</p
AttributionBench: How Hard is Automatic Attribution Evaluation?
Modern generative search engines enhance the reliability of large language
model (LLM) responses by providing cited evidence. However, evaluating the
answer's attribution, i.e., whether every claim within the generated responses
is fully supported by its cited evidence, remains an open problem. This
verification, traditionally dependent on costly human evaluation, underscores
the urgent need for automatic attribution evaluation methods. To bridge the gap
in the absence of standardized benchmarks for these methods, we present
AttributionBench, a comprehensive benchmark compiled from various existing
attribution datasets. Our extensive experiments on AttributionBench reveal the
challenges of automatic attribution evaluation, even for state-of-the-art LLMs.
Specifically, our findings show that even a fine-tuned GPT-3.5 only achieves
around 80% macro-F1 under a binary classification formulation. A detailed
analysis of more than 300 error cases indicates that a majority of failures
stem from the model's inability to process nuanced information, and the
discrepancy between the information the model has access to and that human
annotators do
Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-3 mRNA in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and in carotid artery after balloon angioplasty
AbstractMonocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3) is a CC chemokine that functions in chemoattraction and activation of monocytes, T lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, natural killer cells and dendritic cells. The activation of the target cells by MCP-3 is via specific chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR3, of which CCR2 is shared with MCP-1. MCP-1 and CCR2 have been implicated in vascular diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis, that are known to be involved in inflammation (accumulation of T lymphocytes and monocytes) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) activation (proliferation, migration and matrix deposition). To investigate a potential role of MCP-3 in vascular injury, the present work examined its mRNA expression in rat aortic SMCs stimulated with various inflammatory stimuli including LPS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ and TGF-β. A time- and concentration-dependant induction of MCP-3 mRNA in SMCs was observed by means of Northern analysis. A strikingly similar expression profile was observed for MCP-3 and MCP-1 mRNA in SMCs. Furthermore, MCP-3 mRNA expression was induced in rat carotid artery after balloon angioplasty. A significant induction in MCP-3 mRNA was observed in the carotid artery at 6 h (41-fold increase over control, P<0.001), 1 day (13-fold increase, P<0.001) and 3 days (6-fold increase, P<0.01) after balloon angioplasty as quantitated by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. These data provide evidence for the cytokine-induced expression of MCP-3 in SMCs and in carotid artery after balloon angioplasty, suggesting a potential role of MCP-3 in the pathogenesis of restenosis and atherosclerosis
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