1,078 research outputs found
Charge Qubit Storage and Its Engineered Decoherence via Microwave Cavity
We study the entanglement of the superconducting charge qubit with the
quantized electromagnetic field in a microwave cavity. It can be controlled
dynamically by a classical external field threading the SQUID within the charge
qubit. Utilizing the controllable quantum entanglement, we can demonstrate the
dynamic process of the quantum storage of information carried by charge qubit.
On the other hand, based on this engineered quantum entanglement, we can also
demonstrate a progressive decoherence of charge qubit with quantum jump due to
the coupling with the cavity field in quasi-classical state.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
A compact laser shearography system for on-site robotic inspection of wind turbine blades
Shearography is an optical technique in the field of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of various materials. Its main advantages are that it is non-contact type and can cover a large area in a single inspection. As a result, although it has been widely acknowledged as an effective technique particularly for NDE of composite materials to detect subsurface defects such as delamination, disbond, cracks and impact damages, the use of shearography for on-site inspection of wind turbine blades (WTBs) has not been reported. This is due to wind causing structural vibration in the WTB. The solution in this paper is to make the shearography sit on the WTB during inspection when the WTB is parked, so that the relative motion between the shearography and the WTB is minimized within the tolerance of the shearography system. The ultimate goal of the solution is to enable a robot assisted shearography system to inspect the WTB on-site. This paper presents the research work on a new shearography design for integration with a robotic climber for on-site WTB inspection. The approach is tested and evaluated in experimental settings, and comparative assessment of the approach with other robotic NDE techniques is carried out. The results demonstrate the potential benefits and suitability of the approach for on-site robotic inspection of WTBs
Interference-induced gain in Autler-Townes doublet of a V-type atom in a cavity
We study the Autler-Townes spectrum of a V-type atom coupled to a
single-mode, frequency-tunable cavity field at finite termperature, with a
pre-selected polarization in the bad cavity limit, and show that, when the mean
number of thermal photons and the excited sublevel splitting is very
large (the same order as the cavity linewidth), the probe gain may occur at
either sideband of the doublet, depending on the cavity frequency, due to the
cavity-induced interference.Comment: Minor changes are mad
A review of solar photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid system for electricity generation
Solar energy application in a wider spectrum has the potential for high efficiency energy conversion. However, solar cells can only absorb photon energy of the solar spectrum near the solar cell band-gap energy, and the remaining energy will be converted into thermal energy. The thermoelectric generator is a good choice to utilize this thermal energy. This paper analyses the feasibility of photovoltaic-thermoelectric (PV-TE), and reviews the current types and performance of PV-TE. Furthermore, it presents the optimization and development of PV-TE. In addition, this paper presents the challenge and efficient improvement of PV-TE in actual application. Therefore, this paper would provide a valuable reference for further research into the field of PV-TE and its applications
Controlling laser spectra in a phaseonium photonic crystal using maser
We study the control of quantum resonances in photonic crystals with
electromagnetically induced transparency driven by microwave field. In addition
to the control laser, the intensity and phase of the maser can alter the
transmission and reflection spectra in interesting ways, producing hyperfine
resonances through the combined effects of multiple scattering in the
superstructure.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Energy performance analysis of a novel solar PVT loop heat pipe employing a microchannel heat pipe evaporator and a PCM triple heat exchanger
This study presents a numerical analysis of the energy efficiency for a novel solar PVT Loop Heat Pipe (PVT-LHP) employing a novel Micro-channel evaporator and a novel PCM heat storage exchanger. It presents a description of the different sub-models in the PVT-LHP system (the PVT model, the microchannel heat collector model and the novel PCM triple heat exchanger model) and the integrated model of the system. The integrated model of the system was solved by ensuring a heat balance at the condenser and the evaporator. A parametric analysis has been performed in order to assess the influence of the environmental parameters (i.e. solar radiation, air temperature, wind velocity), structural parameters (i.e. glazing cover, the number of absorbing microchannel heat pipes, PV cell packing factor), the circulating fluid variables (i.e. cold-water inlet temperature and water mass flow rate) on the energy performance of the system. The novel PVT-LHP has been compared with a onventional Solar PVT-LHP system. It was found that lower solar radiation, lower ambient air temperature, higher wind speed, higher packing factor, lower cold-water inlet temperature and a smaller cover number led to an enhanced electrical efficiency, but a reduced thermal efficiency of the module; whereas a higher coldwater mass flow rate and a greater number of microchannel heat pipes gave rise to both thermal and electrical efficiencies of the module. It was also found that an increase of solar radiation, ambienttemperature, cover number, microchannel heat pipe number and packing factor are favourable factors for the overall COP (Coefficient Of Performance) of the system, whereas an increase of wind velocity and cold water mass flow rate are unfavourable. The study indicated the existence of an optimal cover number, number of microchannel heat pipes and mass flowrate. Under the given design conditions, the electrical, thermal and overall efficiency of the PV/LHP module were 12.2%, 55.6% and 67.8% respectively and the novel system can achieve 28% higher overall energy efficiency and 2.2 times higher COP compared to a conventional system. The integrated computer model developed in this study can be used to design and optimize the novel PVT-LHP heating system
Simulation and experiment on thermal performance of a micro-channel heat pipe under different evaporator temperatures and tilt angles
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd For a solar collector with a heat pipe, the tilt angle is an important factor which has a direct impact on the orientation (surface azimuth angle) and affects the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the collector. The performance of the microchannel heat pipe (MCHP), as a highly efficient heat transfer device, can be influenced by gravity and two-phase flow pattern. The relationship between the performance of the MCHP and the tilt angles is nonlinear. In this paper, the effect of the evaporator temperature and tilt angle on the thermal performance of the MCHP, especially the temperature distribution along the heat pipe wall and the effective thermal conductivity, will be investigated. An experimental study with different evaporator temperatures and tilt angles is carried out. Additionally, thermal characteristics of the MCHP have been simulated and verified by the experimental results. In addition, the temperature distribution along the MCHP and the effective thermal conductivity for different working conditions have been performed. These results would provide many references for the solar collector with MCHP system design, optimization, and installation
Optimal Energy Dissipation in Sliding Friction Simulations
Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, of crucial importance in
sliding friction, are hampered by arbitrariness and uncertainties in the
removal of the frictionally generated Joule heat. Building upon general
pre-existing formulation, we implement a fully microscopic dissipation approach
which, based on a parameter-free, non-Markovian, stochastic dynamics, absorbs
Joule heat equivalently to a semi-infinite solid and harmonic substrate. As a
test case, we investigate the stick-slip friction of a slider over a
two-dimensional Lennard-Jones solid, comparing our virtually exact frictional
results with approximate ones from commonly adopted dissipation schemes.
Remarkably, the exact results can be closely reproduced by a standard Langevin
dissipation scheme, once its parameters are determined according to a general
and self-standing variational procedure
Sharp changes of solar wind ion flux and density within and outside current sheets
Analysis of the Interball-1 spacecraft data (1995-2000) has shown that the
solar wind ion flux sometimes increases or decreases abruptly by more than 20%
over a time period of several seconds or minutes. Typically, the amplitude of
such sharp changes in the solar wind ion flux (SCIFs) is larger than 0.5x10^8
cm^-2 s^-1. These sudden changes of the ion flux were also observed by the
Solar Wind Experiment (SWE), on board the WIND spacecraft, as the solar wind
density increases and decreases with negligible changes in the solar wind
velocity. SCIFs occur irregularly at 1 AU, when plasma flows with specific
properties come to the Earth's orbit. SCIFs are usually observed in slow,
turbulent solar wind with increased density and interplanetary magnetic field
strength. The number of times SCIFs occur during a day is simulated using the
solar wind density, magnetic field, and their standard deviations as input
parameters for a period of 5 years. A correlation coefficient of ~0.7 is
obtained between the modelled and the experimental data. It is found that SCIFs
are not associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), corotating interaction
regions (CIRs), or interplanetary shocks; however, 85% of the sector boundaries
are surrounded by SCIFs. The properties of the solar wind plasma for days with
5 or more SCIF observations are the same as those of the solar wind plasma at
the sector boundaries. One possible explanation for the occurrence of SCIFs
(near sector boundaries) is magnetic reconnection at the heliospheric current
sheet or local current sheets. Other probable causes of SCIFs (inside sectors)
are turbulent processes in the slow solar wind and at the crossings of flux
tubes.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, Solar Physics 2011, in pres
Noise-assisted classical adiabatic pumping in a symmetric periodic potential
We consider a classical overdamped Brownian particle moving in a symmetric
periodic potential. We show that a net particle flow can be produced by
adiabatically changing two external periodic potentials with a spatial and a
temporal phase difference. The classical pumped current is found to be
independent of the friction and to vanish both in the limit of low and high
temperature. Below a critical temperature, adiabatic pumping appears to be more
efficient than transport due to a constant external force.Comment: six pages, 3 figure
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