An unusual morphology and crystallization behavior in in situ formed polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 blends

Novel polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 (PPO/ PA6) blends were synthesized via in situ polymerization of e-caprolactam with PPO dissolved in it. The introduction of 10 wt% PPO into PPO/PA6 led to phase inversion of the blends, which was nearly completed by incorporating 15 wt% PPO into the blends. A single crystallization temperature (Tc) of PA6 was detected for PPO/PA6 with 1–4 wt% PPO, while double Tc existed in the blends with 6–15 wt% PPO. After eliminating previous thermal his tory, PPO/PA6 containing no more than 6 wt% PPO gave a single melting point (Tm), but the blends with 10–15 wt% PPO exhibited double Tm. Increasing PPO content in PA6 resulted in the transformation of its crystal form from a-crystal to c-crystal, which might be attributed to hin drance of crystallization of PA6 particles in PPO-rich phase.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Conserved Gene Structure and Expression Regulation of miR-433 and miR-127 in Mammals

MicroRNAs play essential roles in many cellular processes. However, limited information is available regarding the gene structure and transcriptional regulation of miRNAs. We explored the gene cluster encoding miR-433/127 in mammalian species using bioinformatics and in vitro “gene” expression approaches. Multiple sequence alignments (MSA) showed that the precursors of miR-433 and of miR-127 exhibited 95% and 100% similarity, respectively, in human, chimpanzee, horse, dog, monkey, rat, cow, and mouse. MSA of the promoter sequences of miR-433 and of miR-127 revealed lower sequence similarity among these mammalian species. However, the distance between miR-433 and miR-127 was strikingly similar, which was between 986 and 1007 bp and the position of transcription factor (TF) binding motifs, including estrogen related receptor response element (ERRE), was well conserved. Transient transfection assays showed that promoters of miR-433 and of miR-127 from human, rat, and dog were activated by estrogen related receptor gamma (ERRγ) and inhibited by small heterodimer partner (SHP). ChIP assays confirmed the physical association of ERRγ with the endogenous promoters of miR-433 and miR-127. In vitro over-expression of the human, rat, or dog miR-433/127 loci in cells, using an expression vector containing miR-433/127 and their promoter regions, markedly induced a differential expression of both primary and mature miR-433 and miR-127, indicating that miR-433 and miR-127 were possessed from their independent promoters. Our studies for the first time demonstrate a conserved gene structure and transcriptional regulation of miR-433 and miR-127 in mammals. The data suggest that the miR-433/127 loci may have evolved from a common gene of origin

MiR-433 and miR-127 Arise from Independent Overlapping Primary Transcripts Encoded by the miR-433-127 Locus

MicroRNAs play significant roles in development, metabolism and carcinogenesis, however, limited information is available about their primary transcripts and the transcriptional regulation of the microRNA genes. We report here the cloning of two primary miRNAs (pri-miR-433 and pri-miR-127) encoded by the miR-433-127 locus. Using both database mining and experimental methods, we isolated the full-length primary transcripts of the mouse miR-433 and miR-127 and demonstrated that they overlapped in a 5′-3′ unidirectional way. These two miRNA genes are expressed in a compact space by using overlapping coding regions. This is the first report to identify an economical structure for miR-433 and miR-127 genes, which may be a novel way of miRNA gene to maximize the genetic information in order to fit the complex physiological function of mammalian organism

MIMO-OFDM channel estimation in the presence of carrier frequency offset

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is expected to be a promising scheme. However, the estimation of the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and the channel parameters is a great challenging task. In this paper, a maximum-likelihood- (ML-) based algorithm is proposed to jointly estimate the frequency-selective channels and the CFO in MIMO-OFDM by using a block-type pilot. The proposed algorithm is capable of dealing with the CFO range nearly ±1/2 useful OFDM signal bandwidth. Furthermore, the cases with timing error and unknown channel order are discussed. The Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for the problem is developed to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Computer simulations show that the proposed algorithm can exploit the gain from multiantenna to improve effectively the estimation performance and achieve the CRB in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). © 2005 Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Supply Chain Joint Inventory Management and Cost Optimization Based on Ant Colony Algorithm and Fuzzy Model

With the advancement of the marketization process, inventory management has transformed from a single backup protection function to an essential function for enterprises, which helps to survive and develop. Inventory control in supply chain management is the important content of supply chain management. The new management mode makes inventory management present many new characteristics and problems compared with traditional inventory management. From the view of system theory and integration theory, it is imperative to re-examine the problem of inventory control, put forward new inventory management strategies adapted to integrated supply chain management, and improve the integration of the whole supply chain, which can enhance the agility and market response speed of enterprises. Based on the in-depth study of the joint inventory management model, this paper analyzed the current situation of the joint inventory management to optimize the inventory. In view of the achievements and shortcomings of the current research, a more systematic and improved optimization model of the supply chain inventory was proposed by using the basic ideas of ant colony algorithm and fuzzy model

MedChatZH: a Better Medical Adviser Learns from Better Instructions

Generative large language models (LLMs) have shown great success in various applications, including question-answering (QA) and dialogue systems. However, in specialized domains like traditional Chinese medical QA, these models may perform unsatisfactorily without fine-tuning on domain-specific datasets. To address this, we introduce MedChatZH, a dialogue model designed specifically for traditional Chinese medical QA. Our model is pre-trained on Chinese traditional medical books and fine-tuned with a carefully curated medical instruction dataset. It outperforms several solid baselines on a real-world medical dialogue dataset. We release our model, code, and dataset on https://github.com/tyang816/MedChatZH to facilitate further research in the domain of traditional Chinese medicine and LLMs.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure