Strained tetragonal states and Bain paths in metals

Paths of tetragonal states between two phases of a material, such as bcc and fcc, are called Bain paths. Two simple Bain paths can be defined in terms of special imposed stresses, one of which applies directly to strained epitaxial films. Each path goes far into the range of nonlinear elasticity and reaches a range of structural parameters in which the structure is inherently unstable. In this paper we identify and analyze the general properties of these paths by density functional theory. Special examples include vanadium, cobalt and copper, and the epitaxial path is used to identify an epitaxial film as related uniquely to a bulk phase.Comment: RevTeX, 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Plasma proteomic profiles from disease-discordant monozygotic twins suggest that molecular pathways are shared in multiple systemic autoimmune diseases*

Introduction: Although systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID) share many clinical and laboratory features, whether they also share some common features of pathogenesis remains unclear. We assessed plasma proteomic profiles among different SAID for evidence of common molecular pathways that could provide insights into pathogenic mechanisms shared by these diseases. Methods: Differential quantitative proteomic analyses (one-dimensional reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) were performed to assess patterns of plasma protein expression. Monozygotic twins (four pairs discordant for systemic lupus erythematosus, four pairs discordant for juvenile idiopathic arthritis and two pairs discordant for juvenile dermatomyositis) were studied to minimize polymorphic gene effects. Comparisons were also made to 10 unrelated, matched controls. Results: Multiple plasma proteins, including acute phase reactants, structural proteins, immune response proteins, coagulation and transcriptional factors, were differentially expressed similarly among the different SAID studied. Multivariate Random Forest modeling identified seven proteins whose combined altered expression levels effectively segregated affected vs. unaffected twins. Among these seven proteins, four were also identified in univariate analyses of proteomic data (syntaxin 17, a-glucosidase, paraoxonase 1, and the sixth component of complement). Molecular pathway modeling indicated that these factors may be integrated through interactions with a candidate plasma biomarker, PON1 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Conclusions: Together, these data suggest that different SAID may share common alterations of plasma protein expression and molecular pathways. An understanding of the mechanisms leading to the altered plasma proteomes common among these SAID may provide useful insights into their pathogeneses

Geometric Features Informed Multi-person Human-object Interaction Recognition in Videos

Human-Object Interaction (HOI) recognition in videos is important for analyzing human activity. Most existing work focusing on visual features usually suffer from occlusion in the real-world scenarios. Such a problem will be further complicated when multiple people and objects are involved in HOIs. Consider that geometric features such as human pose and object position provide meaningful information to understand HOIs, we argue to combine the benefits of both visual and geometric features in HOI recognition, and propose a novel Two-level Geometric feature-informed Graph Convolutional Network (2G-GCN). The geometric-level graph models the interdependency between geometric features of humans and objects, while the fusion-level graph further fuses them with visual features of humans and objects. To demonstrate the novelty and effectiveness of our method in challenging scenarios, we propose a new multi-person HOI dataset (MPHOI-72). Extensive experiments on MPHOI-72 (multi-person HOI), CAD-120 (single-human HOI) and Bimanual Actions (two-hand HOI) datasets demonstrate our superior performance compared to state-of-the-arts.Comment: Accepted by ECCV 202

The Discovery of A Luminous Broad Absorption Line Quasar at A Redshift of 7.02

Despite extensive efforts, only two quasars have been found at $z>7$ to date due to a combination of low spatial density and high contamination from more ubiquitous Galactic cool dwarfs in quasar selection. This limits our current knowledge of the super-massive black hole (SMBH) growth mechanism and reionization history. In this letter, we report the discovery of a luminous quasar at $z=7.021$, DELS J003836.10$-$152723.6 (hereafter J0038$-$1527), selected using photometric data from DESI Legacy imaging Survey (DELS), Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) imaging Survey, as well as Wide-field Infrared Survey Explore ($WISE$) mid-infrared all-sky survey. With an absolute magnitude of $M_{1450}$=$-$27.1 and bolometric luminosity of $L_{\rm Bol}$=5.6$\times$10$^{13}$ $L_\odot$, J0038$-$1527 is the most luminous quasar known at $z>7$. Deep optical to near infrared spectroscopic observations suggest that J0038-1527 hosts a 1.3 billion solar mass BH accreting at the Eddington limit, with an Eddington ratio of 1.25$\pm$0.19. The CIV broad emission line of J0038$-$1527 is blue-shifted by more than 3000 km s$^{-1}$ to the systemic redshift. More detailed investigations of the high quality spectra reveal three extremely high velocity CIV broad absorption lines (BALs) with velocity from 0.08 to 0.14 times the speed of light and total balnicity index of more than 5000 km s$^{-1}$, suggesting the presence of relativistic outflows. J0038$-$1527 is the first quasar found at the epoch of reionization (EoR) with such strong outflows and provides a unique laboratory to investigate AGN feedback on the formation and growth of the most massive galaxies in the early universe.Comment: ApJL in pres

The Disappearing Act of KH 15D: Photometric Results from 1995 to 2004

We present results from the most recent (2002-2004) observing campaigns of the eclipsing system KH 15D, in addition to re-reduced data obtained at Van Vleck Observatory (VVO) between 1995 and 2000. Phasing nine years of photometric data shows substantial evolution in the width and depth of the eclipses. The most recent data indicate that the eclipses are now approximately 24 days in length, or half the orbital period. These results are interpreted and discussed in the context of the recent models for this system put forward by Winn et al. and Chiang & Murray-Clay. A periodogram of the entire data set yields a highly significant peak at 48.37 +/- 0.01 days, which is in accord with the spectroscopic period of 48.38 +/- 0.01 days determined by Johnson et al. Another significant peak, at 9.6 days, was found in the periodogram of the out-of-eclipse data at two different epochs. We interpret this as the rotation period of the visible star and argue that it may be tidally locked in pseudosynchronism with its orbital motion. If so, application of Hut's theory implies that the eccentricity of the orbit is e = 0.65 +/- 0.01. Analysis of the UVES/VLT spectra obtained by Hamilton et al. shows that the v sin(i) of the visible star in this system is 6.9 +/- 0.3 km/sec. Using this value of v sin(i) and the measured rotation period of the star, we calculate the lower limit on the radius to be R = (1.3 +/- 0.1), R_Sun, which concurs with the value obtained by Hamilton et al. from its luminosity and effective temperature. Here we assume that i = 90 degrees since it is likely that the spin and orbital angular momenta vectors are nearly aligned.Comment: 55 pages, 18 figures, 1 color figure, to appear the September issue of the Astronomical Journa

Green Tea Induces Annexin-I Expression in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells: Involvement of Annexin-I in Actin Remodeling

Green tea polyphenols exhibit multiple antitumor activities in various in vitro and in vivo tumor models, and the mechanisms of action are not clear. Previously, we found that green tea extract (GTE) regulates actin remodeling in different cell culture systems. Actin remodeling plays an important role in cancer cell morphology, cell adhesion, motility, and invasion. Using proteomic approaches, we found GTE-induced expression of annexin-I, a multifunctional actin binding protein, in these cell lines. In this study, we aimed to further define the functional role of GTE-induced annexin-I expression in actin remodeling, cell adhesion, and motility in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. We found that GTE stimulates the expression of annexin-I in a dose-dependent fashion. The GTE-induced annexin-I expression appears to be at the transcription level, and the increased annexin-I expression mediates actin polymerization, resulting in enhanced cell adhesion and decreased motility. Annexin-I specific interference resulted in loss of GTE-induced actin polymerization and cell adhesion, but not motility. In fact, annexin-I specific interference itself inhibited motility even without GTE. Together, annexin-I plays an important role in GTE-induced actin remodeling, and it may serve as a potential molecular target associated with the anticancer activities of green tea. © 2007 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved

Racial Disparities in In-hospital Mortality and Discharge Disposition among Trauma Patients in Massachusetts

Background: Population-based data on trauma care are important to a solid understanding of racial disparities in the care and outcomes of trauma patients. Methods: Data on inpatient hospitalizations for trauma were obtained from the Massachusetts (MA) Statewide Trauma Registry which conducts annual census of trauma-related hospitalizations in MA. This analysis included patients who were MA residents and admitted to a MA hospital between 2008 and 2010, and 15 years and older at the time of admission. Patients were grouped as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian, and other or unknown race. Injury severity, discharge disposition and mortality of the first hospitalization of the patients were compared among the groups while adjusting for sex, age and severity. Results: The data were from 23,666 patients with a mean age of 63.8 years. The patients included 51.8% women, 86.1% whites, 4.3% blacks, 5.6% Hispanics, 1.2% Asians and 2.7% other or unknown races. In total, 597 (2.52%) died in the hospital. Asians and other races had higher risk for death (OR=2.96, p Conclusions: Remarkable racial/ethnic disparities in inhospital mortality and discharge dispositions were seen among trauma patients in MA. The determinants of the disparities and related policy implications are under investigation by a study supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities

Translocation t(3;8)(p14.2;q24.1) in renal cell carcinoma affects expression of the common fragile site at 3p14(FRA3B) in lymphocytes

The common fragile site at 3p14(FRA3B) is cytogenetically close to the positions of translocation and deletion breakpoints frequently observed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and small cell carcinoma of the lung. Possible involvement of this fragile site in the familial RCC t(3;8)(p14.2;q24.1) was investigated. Expression of FRA3B, induced by treatment of lymphocytes with aphidicolin, is altered by the translocation. These results suggest that the fragile site is very close to, if not coincident with, the translocation breakpoint.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27374/1/0000401.pd

Effects of Impurities with Singlet-Triplet Configuration on Multiband Superconductors

Roles of multipole degrees of freedom in multiband superconductors are investigated in a case of impurities whose low-lying states consist of singlet ground and triplet excited states, which is related to the experimental fact that the transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ is increased by Pr substitution for La in LaOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$. The most important contribution to the $T_{\rm c}$ increase comes from the inelastic interband scattering of electrons coupled to quadrupole or octupole moments of impurities. It is found that a magnetic field modifies an effective pairing interaction and the scattering anisotropy appears in the field-orientation dependence of the upper critical field $H_{{\rm c}2}$ in the vicinity of $T_{\rm c}$, although a uniaxial anisotropic field is required for experimental detection. This would be proof that the Pr internal degrees of freedom are relevant to the stability of superconductivity in (La$_{1-x}$Pr$_x$)Os$_4$Sb$_{12}$.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jp