Coupling Coordination Degree of Ecological-Economic and Its Influencing Factors in the Counties of Yangtze River Economic Belt

The rapid economic development (ED) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) has had a significant negative impact on regional ecosystem services (ES). Accurately understanding and properly handling the relationship between ES and ED is critical to achieving coordinated regional development of the YREB. Restricted by a minimal number of research units, traditional studies have not fully considered the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors, leading to results with poor accuracy and applicability. To address these problems, this paper introduces a spatial econometric model to explore the impact of influencing factors on the level of coordinated development in the YREB. For the 1013 counties in the YREB, we used the value equivalent method, the entropy weight method, and the coupling coordination model to quantify the coupling coordination relationship between the ecosystem services value (ESV) and ED from 2010 to 2020. The multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) was adopted to analyze the role of influencing factors. The results showed the following: (1) The coupling coordination degree (CCD) of ESV and ED along the YREB demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity, with Sichuan and Anhui provinces forming a low-value lag. The average CCD from high to low were found in the Triangle of Central China (TOCC), the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA), and the Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA). (2) There was spatial autocorrelation in the distribution of CCD, with high–high clustering mainly distributed in Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang provinces. The counties with high–high clustering were expanding, mainly centering on Kunming City in Yunnan Province and expanding outward. (3) There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the impact of each influencing factor on CCD. Per capita fiscal expenditure was sensitive to low–low clustering areas of CCD; per capita, food production was a negative influence, and the rate of urbanization transitioned from negative to positive values from west to east.Forestry, Faculty ofNon UBCForest and Conservation Sciences, Department ofReviewedFacultyGraduateUndergraduat

Study on the impact of industrial structure upgrading on soil conservation in the Yellow River basin counties

The problem of soil and water loss in the Yellow River Basin has been impacting the local high-quality development. The upgrading of industrial structure is a method to alleviate the issue of soil and water loss. In order to address the soil and water loss problem in the Yellow River Basin, this study investigates the internal mechanisms of how the upgrading of industrial structure impacts soil conservation, promoting coordinated development in the region. This research utilizes the entropy weight method, the InVEST model, and the fixed spatial Durbin model to explore how the greening, upgrading, and rationalization of industries affect the average soil conservation. The main conclusions of this study are: (1) For every 0.1 increase in the greening index, it effectively increases the local average soil conservation by 17.25 (t/hm2) and 49.61 (t/hm2). It is necessary to reduce the emission of pollutants in the upstream region in order to effectively improve the average soil conservation; (2) For every 0.1 decrease in the industry upgrading index, it will lead to a decrease in the average soil conservation in surrounding areas by 2.82 (t/hm2). Only by continuously increasing the financial investment in the upgrading of industries in the downstream region can the average soil conservation be increased. (3) An increase in the rationalization of industries in the upstream and midstream regions will lead to a decrease in the average soil conservation in surrounding areas, while in the downstream region, it will increase the local average soil conservation

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Microsatellite markers from tea green leafhopper Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii: a powerful tool for studying genetic structure in tea plantations

Number of alleles and heterozygosity in each E. (M.) onukii. population. (XLS 29 kb

Additional file 4: Figure S1. of Microsatellite markers from tea green leafhopper Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii: a powerful tool for studying genetic structure in tea plantations

Estimated number of genetic clusters obtained with Structure for K value ranging from 1 to 10 using 18 microsatellite markers for all populations. a graph of estimated mean log likelihood (L(K)). b graph of ad hoc statistic (ΔK). The most likely value of K was 4. (PDF 568 kb

Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Simulation Study of Composite-Material-Modified Loess Improving High-Speed Railway Subgrade

Construction of high-speed railway subgrade on loess soils in the Loess Plateau is risky because such soil is susceptible to differential settlements. Various soil-improvement methods have been used to enhance the mechanical properties of loess. Lime-ash soil and cement-lime soil are the most commonly used methods in the improvement of loess subgrade, while few studies have been found on loess subgrade improvement by using composite material consisting of traditional materials and new materials. A series of direct shear tests and unconfined compressive tests were conducted on the loess specimen with the addition of three kinds of composite materials: traditional material cement, new material polypropylene fiber and SCA-2 soil curing agent. The numerical simulation was conducted on loess subgrade in an actual engineering practice. The experimental results show that cement, polypropylene fiber and SCA-2 soil curing agent can effectively improve the shear strength and compressive strength of loess, and the influence degree is cement > fiber > curing agent. Additionally, based on the relative strength characteristics of the improved loess, an optimal improvement scheme for the composite-material-modified loess was obtained: 16% cement content + 0.5% fiber content + 4% curing agent content. The numerical simulation results revealed that the compressive strength index of the improved loess has a significant impact on the subgrade settlement, and the optimal improvement scheme obtained from comprehensive analysis can effectively improve the settlement of high-speed railway subgrade under vibration load

Additional file 5: Table S4. of Microsatellite markers from tea green leafhopper Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii: a powerful tool for studying genetic structure in tea plantations

AMOVA result of five E. (M.) onukii populations among two groups. (XLS 20 kb

Clarification of the Identity of the Tea Green Leafhopper Based on Morphological Comparison between Chinese and Japanese Specimens.

Tea green leafhopper is one of the most dominant pests in major tea production regions of East Asia. This species has been variously identified as Empoasca vitis (Goëthe), Jacobiasca formosana (Paoli) and Empoasca onukii Matsuda in Mainland China, Taiwan and Japan, respectively. Recent study of DNA sequence data suggested that treatment of this pest as different species in these three adjacent regions is incorrect and that they were a single species; but the correct scientific name for the species has remained unclear. Consistent with the prior molecular evidence, morphological study shows that the male genital characters of Chinese specimens are the same as those of specimens from Japan, so the correct scientific name of tea green leafhopper in China is Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda

Exploring Alloy Design Pathway Through Directed Energy Deposition of Powder Mixtures: A Study of Stainless Steel 316L and Inconel 718

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a tool for rapid prototyping with complex geometry. However, the cyclic heating and cooling in laser melting processes often cause large columnar grains that dominate the as-printed microstructure, resulting in a strong texture and anisotropic properties that limit the application of AM. In this work, we apply powder-based directed energy deposition to discover new alloys using mixtures of Inconel 718 (IN718) and Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L). We discovered that the 77 wt.% IN718 alloy mixture, with the highest configurational entropy, demonstrated an intriguingly fine grain structure in the as-built condition and after homogenization at 1180°C. Residual stress from the laser melting process was identified as the primary cause of the observed grain refinement phenomenon. Although, a quantitative analysis of the changes in grain size after homogenization in the alloy mixtures of IN718 and SS316L requires further research. The discovery of this unique microstructural behavior shows how in-situ mixing of commercially available powders can be used to develop next-generation feedstock materials for AM and improve the understanding of fundamental process-microstructure-property relationships