Knowledge and basic skills in Singapore

In a country that encourages the development of a knowledge-based economy, the educational investment is the essential source of prosperity. The national program aims to ensure the success of the school student learning while including them optimize their provisions. This is to form citizens capable of more independent thinking creatively to meet the economic challenges and teach educational content related to specific knowledge, while taking into account the needs of individual students and enhancing the capacities and talents. This implies a redefinition of the concepts of knowledge and learning, enhancement of the learning process, exceeding the results culture. The implementation of these provisions is not without contradictions, ambiguities and resistances. It also requires the modification and diversification of evaluation methods

Optimizing de novo transcriptome assembly from short-read RNA-Seq data: a comparative study

With the fast advances in nextgen sequencing technology, high-throughput RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful and cost-effective way for transcriptome study. De novo assembly of transcripts provides an important solution to transcriptome analysis for organisms with no reference genome. However, there lacked understanding on how the different variables affected assembly outcomes, and there was no consensus on how to approach an optimal solution by selecting software tool and suitable strategy based on the properties of RNA-Seq data. To reveal the performance of different programs for transcriptome assembly, this work analyzed some important factors, including k-mer values, genome complexity, coverage depth, directional reads, etc. Seven program conditions, four single k-mer assemblers (SK: SOAPdenovo, ABySS, Oases and Trinity) and three multiple k-mer methods (MK: SOAPdenovo-MK, trans-ABySS and Oases-MK) were tested. While small and large k-mer values performed better for reconstructing lowly and highly expressed transcripts, respectively, MK strategy worked well for almost all ranges of expression quintiles. Among SK tools, Trinity performed well across various conditions but took the longest running time. Oases consumed the most memory whereas SOAPdenovo required the shortest runtime but worked poorly to reconstruct full-length CDS. ABySS showed some good balance between resource usage and quality of assemblies. Our work compared the performance of publicly available transcriptome assemblers, and analyzed important factors affecting de novo assembly. Some practical guidelines for transcript reconstruction from short-read RNA-Seq data were proposed. De novo assembly of C. sinensis transcriptome was greatly improved using some optimized methods

Cogging Torque Reduction of Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors by Finite-Element Method

The cogging torque of a permanent-magnet motor is an oscillatory torque that always induces vibration, acoustic noise, possible resonance and speed ripples, and its minimization is a major concern for electric motor designers. This paper presents an effective approach for the cogging torque reduction of interior permanent-magnet motors by modifying the magnet span angle of the rotor and the shoe depth and shoe ramp of the stator. The cogging torque is calculated by employing a commercial finite-element analysis software Ansoft/Maxwell. The results show that the peak value of the cogging torque for the modified design decreases 50% in comparison with that of the original design

LEG STIFFNESS CHANGES IN DROP JUMPS WITH DIFFERENT STRETCH AMPLITUDE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adjustment of leg stiffness and the relative electromyography (EMG) magnitude of different phases with shallow and deep drop jump (DJ) in order to understand the neuromuscular and contraction characteristics of different stretch amplitudes of SSC movement. There were 12 subjects tested in this experiment including jumpers and volleyball players whose ages are 20.5±1.93, heights are 181.01±6.23cm and weights are 71.95±4.93Kg. Kistler forceplatform, PEAK high speed video camera and EMG Biovision system were used to record the ground reaction force, kinematics data and the EMG signals of gastrocnemius and rectus femoris. The results of this study were that the leg stiffness between two different drops jump had the significant difference at the concentric and transmission phases in the progressive loads (

Bethe states of the trigonometric SU(3) spin chain with generic open boundaries

By combining the algebraic Bethe ansatz and the off-diagonal Bethe ansatz, we investigate the trigonometric SU(3) model with generic open boundaries. The eigenvalues of the transfer matrix are given in terms of an inhomogeneous T-Q relation, and the corresponding eigenstates are expressed in terms of nested Bethe-type eigenstates which have well-defined homogeneous limit. This exact solution provides a basis for further analyzing the thermodynamic properties and correlation functions of the anisotropic models associated with higher rank algebras.Comment: 17 pages, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1705.0947