Attitudes Toward Contraception Among Fourth Wave College-Aged Women

This research examines how college-aged women today view contraception in comparison to the ways it has been viewed by previous generations of women, as well as what they view the future of contraception in the United States to look like. This has been done through a lens of political action and advocacy, which has defined the fight for access to contraception and reproductive justice throughout history. In light of the recent threats on contraception and the corresponding responsive social movements, such as the Women’s March, women in the United States are shifting their views on the matter, but what actions are they taking?Reproductive health is highly politicized, yet college-aged/millennial women are not accustomed to an administration that attacks contraception and their access to it. In response to the current American political climate, we\u27ve seen an embracing of feminism in the mainstream media and feminist organization, such as the Women\u27s March, but have yet to see any policy change. The question this has led me to explore is whether or not attacks on access to contraception will politically mobilize and unite women. This research is based in interviews with women on the Gettysburg College campus and the analysis of data on racial, geographic, and class disparities in health care/access in order to understand the politicization of contraception in women\u27s lives

Fearless Friday Naima Scott & Caroline Lewis

In this week’s edition of Fearless Friday, SURGE is honoring Naima Scott and Caroline Lewis for all the work they have done in our community as well as working on this year’s Vagina Monologues. [excerpt

Identification and characterisation of novel marker proteins involved in X-linked muscular dystrophy

Progressive X-linked muscular dystrophy represents the most commonly inherited neuromuscular disorder in humans. Although the primary abnormality lies with the loss of dystrophin and reduction of its associated glycoprotein complex, secondary alterations in metabolic pathways, cellular signalling and ion homeostasis regulation cause fibre degeneration leading to severe muscle weakness. Skeletal muscle deteriorates to the extent that sufferers are wheelchair bound by early adulthood and severe diaphragm degeneration can lead to respiratory failure. Therapy in this area has lengthened life-span but at a more advanced stage of the disease, most Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients suffer cardiomyopathic complications. The purpose of this study was to carry out proteomic profiling on differentially affected dystrophic tissues. Differences in protein concentration levels of the severely affected cardiac muscle and the naturally protected extraocular muscle were used to explore pathogenesis of the disease. A mass spectrometry-based approach combined with the highly sensitive difference in-gel electrophoresis technique was used to reveal changes and identify novel biomarkers in the dystrophic tissues. Following the pathogenesis of the disease the naturally protected tissue displayed only moderate changes in protein concentration expression. With a replacement of dystrophin with its homologue utrophin, restoration of β-dystroglycan was observed along with an increased concentration in heat shock proteins. While the severely affected cardiac muscle exhibited drastic decreases in the expression levels of many proteins involved in energy metabolism including adenylate kinase and many ATP synthase isoforms. Reduced concentrations were also observed in numerous contractile proteins and intermediate filament proteins. With the loss of these structural elements, a drastic increase in stress proteins was observed within dystrophic myofibrils compared to normal fibres. This thesis has successfully identified novel biomarkers that may be used to determine suitability of new treatments or therapies of muscular dystrophy

Some factors in readmission of patients to the Metropolitan State Hospital

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Fourth Amendment Infringement Is Afoot: Revitalizing Particularized Reasonable Suspicion for Terry Stops Based on Vague or Discrepant Suspect Descriptions

In Terry v. Ohio, the Supreme Court granted law enforcement broad power to perform a limited stop and search of someone when an officer has reasonable suspicion that the person is engaged in criminal activity. The resulting “Terry stop” created a way for police officers to investigate a suspicious person without requiring full probable cause for an arrest. The officer need only have “reasonable suspicion supported by articulable facts” based on the circumstances and the officer’s policing “experience that criminal activity may be afoot.” Reasonable suspicion is—by design—a broad standard, deferential to police officers’ judgment. Law enforcement officers across the United States employ this powerful tool extensively, performing millions of Terry stops each year. But what if that suspect description is vague, consisting of few descriptors? Or what if there are many discrepancies between the description given and the appearance of the person the officers eventually stop under suspicion that he is the perpetrator? When reasonable suspicion to stop and frisk someone is based largely on a physical description of a criminal suspect, how “particularized” must that description be? This Note examines this specific reasonable suspicion factor: the resemblance of a person stopped under Terry to an active suspect description of someone who has very recently committed a crime. Exploring this scenario, this Note seeks to analyze courts’ varying tolerance levels for vague or discrepant suspect descriptions creating reasonable suspicion, discuss the detrimental and unconstitutional impacts of an overly broad standard for this reasonable suspicion factor, and propose a new standard for courts to employ

NHS Tayside Assurance and Advisory Group : third progress report

Publisher PD

Proteomic profiling of naturally protected extraocular muscles from the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most frequent neuromuscular disorder of childhood. Although this x-linked muscle disease is extremely progressive, not all subtypes of skeletal muscles are affected in the same way. While extremities and trunk muscles are drastically weakened, extraocular muscles are usually spared in Duchenne patients. In order to determine the global protein expression pattern in these naturally protected muscles we have performed a comparative proteomic study of the established mdx mouse model of x-linked muscular dystrophy. Fluorescence difference in-gel electrophoretic analysis of 9-week-old dystrophin-deficient versus age-matched normal extraocular muscle, using a pH 4-7 gel range, identified out of 1088 recognized protein spots a moderate expression change in only seven protein species. Desmin, apolipoprotein A-I binding protein and perilipin-3 were found to be increased and gelsolin, gephyrin, transaldolase, and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase were shown to be decreased in mdx extraocular muscles. Immunoblotting revealed a drastic up-regulation of utrophin, comparable levels of beta-dystroglycan and key Ca(2+)-regulatory elements, and an elevated concentration of small stress proteins in mdx extraocular muscles. This suggests that despite the lack of dystrophin only a limited number of cellular systems are perturbed in mdx extraocular muscles, probably due to the substitution of dystrophin by its autosomal homolog. Utrophin appears to prevent the loss of dystrophin-associated proteins and Ca(2+)-handling elements in extraocular muscle tissue. Interestingly, the adaptive mechanisms that cause the sparing of extraocular fibers seem to be closely linked to an enhanced cellular stress response

Proteomic profiling of naturally protected extraocular muscles from the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most frequent neuromuscular disorder of childhood. Although this x-linked muscle disease is extremely progressive, not all subtypes of skeletal muscles are affected in the same way. While extremities and trunk muscles are drastically weakened, extraocular muscles are usually spared in Duchenne patients. In order to determine the global protein expression pattern in these naturally protected muscles we have performed a comparative proteomic study of the established mdx mouse model of x-linked muscular dystrophy. Fluorescence difference in-gel electrophoretic analysis of 9-week-old dystrophin-deficient versus age-matched normal extraocular muscle, using a pH 4-7 gel range, identified out of 1088 recognized protein spots a moderate expression change in only seven protein species. Desmin, apolipoprotein A-I binding protein and perilipin-3 were found to be increased and gelsolin, gephyrin, transaldolase, and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase were shown to be decreased in mdx extraocular muscles. Immunoblotting revealed a drastic up-regulation of utrophin, comparable levels of beta-dystroglycan and key Ca(2+)-regulatory elements, and an elevated concentration of small stress proteins in mdx extraocular muscles. This suggests that despite the lack of dystrophin only a limited number of cellular systems are perturbed in mdx extraocular muscles, probably due to the substitution of dystrophin by its autosomal homolog. Utrophin appears to prevent the loss of dystrophin-associated proteins and Ca(2+)-handling elements in extraocular muscle tissue. Interestingly, the adaptive mechanisms that cause the sparing of extraocular fibers seem to be closely linked to an enhanced cellular stress response

Birth and fertility rates by education, 1980 and 1985

By Caroline Lewis and Stephanie Ventura."October 1990."Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 10)

Laundering Police Lies

Police officers—like ordinary people—are regularly dishonest. Officers lie under oath (testilying), on police reports (reportilying), and in a myriad of other situations. Despite decades of evidence about police lies, the U.S. Supreme Court regularly believes police stories that are utterly implausible. Either because the Court is gullible, willfully blind, or complicit, the justices have simply rubber-stamped police lies in numerous high-profile cases. For instance, the Court has accepted police claims that a suspect had bags of cocaine displayed in his lap at the end of a police chase (Whren v. United States), that officers saw marijuana through a covered greenhouse from a moving helicopter hundreds of feet in the air (Florida v. Riley), and that a secretive drug dealer just happened to be standing on the front porch holding a bag of drugs at the moment the police showed up (United States v. Santana). In the famous case of Terry v. Ohio, the Court ignored the fact that the officer changed his story multiple times. And in less-famous cases like Ornelas v. United States, the Court has been unfazed when police officers were caught lying about the appearance of crucial evidence. This Article explores the prevalence of police lying and examines the U.S. Supreme Court’s unquestioning acceptance of police lies. In addition to identifying the Court’s gullibility and possible complicity, this Article examines criminal procedure doctrines that enable police to bake lies into cases at an early stage. This Article recognizes that the Court cannot eradicate police dishonesty, but advocates for heightened judicial alertness for police lies and an increased willingness to reverse convictions based on them. The Court should additionally utilize its educational function to signal to lower courts, police departments, and the general public—which is more attuned to police misconduct than ever before—that police lying is present and will not be tolerated