The Study of Main Physical-chemical Parameters of Chaenomeles and Products of Its Processing

In the article were considered the topical problems, connected with health worsening and human existence. The use of vegetable raw material as a source of biologically active components is prospective in production foodstuff. There were offered the rational methods of processing of chaenomeles for getting juice and puree. There were carried out an analysis of expedience of using chaenomeles and products of its processing for enrichment foodstuff. It was established, that maximal amount of phenol substances is contained in fruit peel and L-ascorbic acid - in flesh. It was determined, that apple acid prevails among organic ones, fructose - among sugars and phenol substances are mainly presented by procyanidins. Using chromotographic analysis in the products of chaenomeles processing were identified 48 names of aromatic compounds, alcohols, acids, ethers and unsaturated carbohydrates prevail among them. There were studied the physical-chemical parameters of fruit sauces and flour products with addition of chaenomeles processing products. The received results prove that the ready foodstuff that contain puree and juice of chaemomeles have the high organoleptic, physical-chemical parameters and also heightened biological value

Optimization of International Road Transportation of Cargoes in the Management of Enterprises of Agricultural Sector and Road Transport Enterprises

To enhance the efficiency of management of enterprises in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to improve logistic processes of delivery of livestock and crop production in the implementation of International road transportation. Delivery of cargo "just in time" is very important, so transportation time planning is relevant and allows reducing costs. The process of planning the delivery of perishable goods was described. The spread of the required time is presented for transportation with a varied degree of stochasticity. It was found that the specifics of customs clearance affect the availability of a certain minimum time required for such a procedure. The time of customs clearance of cargo and delay time affect the deadline for cargo registration in International road transportation. The widest spread of time is observed by the procedure of customs clearance of cargoes that takes from 12 to 25 hours, and the probability of customs clearance is only 0.435. Accordingly, this affects a decrease in indicators of "just in time" delivery. The functional dependence of the probability of transit time not exceeding the planned time was compared, depending on the data of the specified route. Based on probabilistic analysis, the possibility of unplanned deviations from the estimated terms of each stage was taken into account and the optimal set of time intervals, which allow obtaining the optimal probability of "just in time" delivery, was proposed. The total cargo delivery time does not change. The recommendations on formulating the requirements for road transport enterprises were given. Namely, to strengthen the requirements for the time of cargo transit. These requirements include the average speed of motion, the choice of appropriate transport, planning the route in terms of the speed mode of highways, etc