Preference of food saltiness and willingness to consume low-sodium content food in a Chinese population

OBJECTIVE: To compare the preference of food saltiness and the willingness to consume low‐sodium food among hypertensive older people, non‐hypertensive older people and non‐hypertensive young people in a Chinese population. DESIGN: A cross‐sectional study based on a quota sample. Three saltiness options (low‐sodium, medium-sodium and high‐sodium) of soup and bread were offered to each participant who rated the taste of each food on a 5‐point Likert scale. Then, the participants rated their willingness to consume the low-sodium content foods on a 5‐point Likert scale, given they were informed of the benefit of the low-sodium option. Generalised linear mixed model and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the data. SETTING: Elderly centres and community centres in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty hypertensive older people, 49 non‐hypertensive older people and 60 non-hypertensive young people were recruited from June to August 2014. Measurements: The tastiness score and the willingness score were the primary outcome measures. The Chinese Health Literacy Scale for Low Salt Consumption – Hong Kong population (CHLSalt‐HK) was also assessed. RESULTS: The tastiness rating of the high‐sodium option of soup was significantly lower than the medium‐sodium option (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the low‐sodium and the medium‐sodium options (p=0.204). For bread, tastiness rating of the low‐sodium option and the high‐sodium option were significantly lower than the medium‐sodium option (p<0.001 for both options). The tastiness score of soup did not have significant difference across the groups (p=0.181), but that of bread from the hypertensive older adults (p=0.012) and the non‐hypertensive older adults (p=0.006) was significantly higher than the non‐hypertensive young adults. Higher willingness rating to consume the low‐sodium option was significantly (p<0.001) associated with higher tastiness rating of the low-sodium option of soup and bread, and weakly associated with higher health literacy of low salt intake (soup: p=0.041; bread: p=0.024). Hypertensive older adults tended to be more willing to consume the low‐sodium option than non‐hypertensive older adults for soup (p=0.009), there was insignificant difference between non‐hypertensive older adults and non‐hypertensive young adults (p=0.156). For bread, there was insignificant difference in willingness rating to consume low‐sodium option (p=0.375). CONCLUSION: Older people are at a higher risk of hypertension, reduction of salt intake is important for them to reduce their risk of cardiovascular diseases. There is room for reducing the sodium content of soup, while the sodium in bread should be reduced progressively. Improving the taste of low‐sodium food may help to promote reduction in dietary sodium intake.postprin

A pilot study on assessing dietary salt intake among older people in Hong Kong

Concurrent Session 5: Chronic Disease Prevention and Care(2): no. CSV-2Conference Theme: Excellence in Nursing Practice, Education and Research Across Life Spanpublished_or_final_versio

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Promoting prediabetes health literacy via mobile application: A new cut-off point in FINDRISC for Chinese population

Poster session B - no. PB.1

The role of pain sensitivity, pain catastrophizing level and personality traits in prehospital delay of acute myocardial infarction patients

Poster presentation - Nurse & Tech Sessio

Make a change through Photovoice (MCPv): Engaging diabetic and hypertensive patients in physical activity

Poster presentation: Health Promotion - no. P92-PF001

From the lens of older adults with diabetes or hypertension: barriers and facilitators to physical activities through photovoice

Conference Theme: Excellence in Nursing Practice, Education and Research across Life SpanPoster Presentations: no. P1

Family-based smoking cessation intervention for smoking fathers and nonsmoking mothers with a child: a randomized controlled trial

© 2016 Elsevier Inc.Objective To examine whether a family-based intervention targeting both smoking fathers and nonsmoking mothers in well-child health clinics is effective in increasing fathers' abstinence from cigarette smoking. Study design This parallel 2-arm randomized controlled trial recruited a total of 1158 families with a daily-smoking father, a nonsmoking mother, and a child aged 0-18 months from the 22 maternal and child health centers in Hong Kong. The intervention group received the family-based intervention, including 6 nurse-led individual face-to-face and telephone counseling sessions within 1 month after recruitment and a voluntary face-to-face family counseling session (FCS). The control group received a leaflet, a self-help booklet, and brief quitting advice only. Father-reported 7-day and 6-month abstinence, smoking reduction, quit attempts, mother-reported help and support, and child salivary cotinine level were assessed at 12 months. Generalized estimating equation models were used to compare these outcomes between the 2 study groups. Results Compared with the control group, the intervention group reported a greater prevalence of 7-day (13.7% vs 8.0%; OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.16-3.17; P < .01) and 6-month self-reported abstinence (13.4% vs. 7.5%; OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.30-3.40; P < .01). Within the intervention group, compared with receipt of individual counseling only, participation in the FCS was associated with increases in fathers' self-reported abstinence (20.2% vs 12.3%; P = .02), mothers' help (66.1% vs 43.8%; P < .01), and support to the fathers (55.0% vs 45.4%; P < .01). Conclusions The family-based smoking cessation intervention for the families in the well-child healthcare setting was effective in increasing the fathers' self-reported abstinence. Additional participation in the FCS increased mothers' help and support to the fathers. Trial registration Controlled-trials.com: ISRCTN99111655; Hkuctr.com: HKUCTR-465

A randomized controlled trial of a tailored intervention compared to usual care to promote smoking cessation and improve glycaemic control on type 2 diabetic patients who smoked

Poster and abstract presentation: no. P2-0156Background: Tobacco smoking not only leads to adverse health problems but also undesirable complications for smokers with diabetes mellitus (DM). Providing brief smoking cessation advices to diabetic smokers should be a part of standard care. More rigorous empirical evidence of its effectiveness is required. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a brief stage-matched smoking cessation intervention in enhancing glycemic control and smoking abstinence for type 2 DM smokers in Hong Kong. Methods: This was a large randomized controlled trial with 557 type 2 DM smokers randomized into an intervention group (n=283) to receive brief individualized face-to-face stage-matched smoking cessation counseling (around 20 minutes) by a trained smoking cessation nurse counsellor and a diabetes-specific smoking cessation leaflet, or a control group (n=274) who received usual care. Subjects were then followed up at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months by telephone and assessed for smoking status. Results: Above 70% of the subjects were in the pre-contemplation stage of quitting smoking. On average, they smoked 14 cigaretes per day for over 37 years. By intention to treat analysis, both intervention and control groups had similar 7-day point-prevalence smoking abstinence (9.2% vs. 13.9%, p = 0.08), biochemically validated quit rates (3.2% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.25), and HbA1c level (7.95% [63 mmol/mol] vs. 8.05% [64 mmol/mol], p = 0.49) at 12 months. Although the control group had a statistically significantly higher rate of self-reported smoking reduction by at least 50% than the intervention group at 3 months (excluding quitters in numerator: 16.8% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.02; excluding quitters in both numerator and denominator: 18.5% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.02), no significant differences were observed between the two groups at the 6-(excluding quitters in numerator: 13.4% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.78; excluding quitters in both numerator and denominator 16.1% vs. 15.1%, p = 0.77) and 12-month follow-ups (excluding quitters in numerator : 14.8% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.94; excluding quitters in both numerator and denominator: 17.0% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.84). Conclusion: The results showed that a brief stage-matched smoking cessation intervention was not effective in increasing the rates of quitting or smoking reduction in DM patients who smoked. The intervention was also not effective in improving glycemic control. The quit rate was very low, suggesting that most of these patients were hardcore smokers. More RCTs on more intensive interventions are needed to motivate DM patients to quit smoking. Project Number: 0809106

Relative risk of developing to diabetes among prediabetic patients compare to people with normoglycaemia: Meta-analysis

Organizer: The International Academic Forum (IAFOR)Poster Presentation II - no. 36386Background: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world especially in older adults. Older adults with diabetes are likely to have higher mortality and reduced functional status. The precursor stage of diabetes is called prediabetes. This study is to assess the overall relative risk of diabetes in individuals with prediabetes compare to people with normoglycemia. The results will provide epidemiological evidence to the process of developing diabetes to inform appropriate treatment for reducing the incidence of diabetes among elders. Methods: Studies were identified from PubMed, EBSCOhost, ProQuest Medical Library, Web of Science databases. Random effect model was used to pool the relative risk. The heterogeneity between studies was assessed by the p-value from Cochran's Q statistic and I2. Funnel plot and Egger’s test was used to examine publication bias. All statistical analysis was performed by R. Results: 39 studies published from 1999 to 2016 were included in this meta-analysis which included 195,000 individuals with a broad range of ethnicities and nationalities. The overall estimated relative risk for diabetes among all kinds of prediabetes as compared to normoglycemic people was 6.46 (95% CI: 5.29, 7.89), with high heterogeneity between studies. Conclusion: Prediabetes is a high risk state for diabetes development and is gradually becoming more and more common among elders. Older adults with any category of prediabetes should pay attention to their health condition to prevent them from being true diabetic patients