Green Pathways for the Enzymatic Synthesis of Furan-Based Polyesters and Polyamides

The attention towards the utilization of sustainable feedstocks for polymer synthesis has grown exponentially in recent years. One of the spotlighted monomers derived from renewable resources is 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), one of the most promising bio-based monomers, due to its resemblance to petroleum-based terephthalic acid. Very interesting synthetic routes using this monomer have been reported in the last two decades. Combining the use of bio-based monomers and non-toxic chemicals via enzymatic polymerizations can lead to a robust and favorable approach towards a greener technology of bio-based polymer production. In this chapter, a brief introduction to FDCA-based monomers and enzymatic polymerizations is given, particularly focusing on furan-based polymers and their polymerization. In addition, an outline of the recent developments in the field of enzymatic polymerizations is discussed. </p

Generalized skew derivations with centralizer conditions on multilinear polynomials

Let R be a noncommutative prime ring of characteristic not 2 with extended centroid C, the maximal right ring of quotients Q and a nonzero generalized skew derivation d. Assume that f (X-1, center dot center dot center dot ,X-n) is amultilinear polynomial over C that is not central-valued on R and f (R) is the set of all evaluations of the multilinear polynomial f (X-1, center dot center dot center dot ,X-n) in R. Denote the set S := {delta(u)u | u is an element of f (R)}. The goal of the paper is to study C-R(S), the centralizer of S in R. To be precise, given a noncentral element b is an element of R it is proved that if b is an element of C-R(S), i.e.