Intrapulmonary Percussive Wntilation as a Lung Recruitment Strategy in Brain Dead Organ Donors

Objective: To determine the strength of the evidence evaluating the effectiveness of IPV as a safe alternative or adjunctive therapy to traditional CPT among potential organ donors . Data Sources: Literature search conducted February 2015-November 2015 using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and bibliographies of pertinent articles. Search terms: intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, chest physiotherapy, chest wall oscillation, organ donors, and ventilation . Study Selection: Articles in English from 1994 to present directly compared IPV to CPT or conventional (no) therapy . Data Extraction: AACN Levels of Evidence was used to determine the strength of evidence . Level B and Level C articles were used . Data Synthesis: No studies were found utilizing IPV in the donor population. Results from studies utilizing IPV in other populations indicated IPV had no adverse effects, improved sputum clearance, oxygenation, and reduced atelectasis and pneumonia in patients with artificial airways Conclusions: IPV may be a safe, and effective alternative or adjunctive CPT therapy and improve the number of lungs available for transplantation. Clinical research is essential to determine the effectiveness of this therapy for lung recruitment in the donor population . Key Words: chest physiotherapy, intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, lung recruitment, organ donor, ventilatio

Fanny Isensee / Andreas Oberdorf / Daniel Töpper (Hrsg.): Transatlantic encounters in history of education. Translations and trajectories from a German-American perspective. Routledge studies in cultural history. New York: Routledge 2020 (310 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Fanny Isensee / Andreas Oberdorf / Daniel Töpper (Hrsg.): Transatlantic encounters in history of education. Translations and trajectories from a German-American perspective. Routledge studies in cultural history. New York: Routledge 2020 (310 S.; ISBN 978-0-367-27677-5; 135,95 EUR)

Concentrator Photovoltaic System: Optical Characterisation

In this study, the optical characteristics of an ultra-high concentrator photovoltaic (UHCPV) system such as the uniformity of flux distribution, spillage loss, solar concentration ratio (SCR), tolerance angle against suntracking error, tolerance length against focal distance deviation and tolerance angle against slope error of NIDC quadrant have been explored using the raytracing software TracePro. In the simulation, the UHCPV system has a primary optical element (POE) consisting of 480 facet mirrors forming the non-imaging dish concentrator (NIDC) and a secondary optical element (SOE) consisting of a 2 × 2 array of B270 Schott glass crossed compound parabolic concentrator (CCPC). The NIDC can focus the sunlight into a uniformly illuminated area of 3

Academic Freedom In America: Gilded Age Beginnings And World War I Legacies

The early decades of the twentieth century proved pivotal for defining academic freedom in America. The challenges of World War I ultimately strengthened the use and understanding of the concept specifically for the U.S. context. During the last third of the nineteenth century, a number of developments in higher learning had converged. bringing academic independence urgently to the forefront. Growth and professionalization meant a new role for universities in American society;big-business philanthropy saw sciences flourish, but it also introduced a new market-orientated organization to college administration. Gilded Age and Progressive Era debates over individual rights, social responsibilities, and public and political capital caused much controversy on campuses across the country. German academic institutions, long cherished models in U.S.reform-rhetoric, had begun to lose their appeal, and by 1914, they were fully discredited. Hence, even before the United States entered into the conflict, World War I forced the academic community to define their position between society, government, and professional ethos. During this process, two very different notions of academic freedom emerged: one favoring individual liberties, the other one prioritizing institutional integrity. These distinctive and potentially adverse interpretations continued to function as the basis for legal and public arguments as the twentieth century progressed

New Perspectives on Actors and Practices in Diplomatic History

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History of Intellectual Culture : International Yearbook of Knowledge and Society

The second issue of the yearbook History of Intellectual Culture (HIC) dedicates a thematic section to modes of publication. This volume addresses recent advances in publication studies and stresses the cultural formation of knowledge. By exploring and analyzing layers of presenting, sharing, and circulating knowledge, we invite readers to critically engage with questions of media uses and publishing practices and structures, both historically and in our contemporary digital age.The articles in this volume attest to the great variety of publication modes and perspectives, from the potential and limits of digitizing newspapers such as the New York Times to questions of positionality in building and using Wikipedia, from translation policies and female participation to the genre of university histories

History of Intellectual Culture : International Yearbook of Knowledge and Society

With concepts of participation discussed in multiple disciplines from media studies to anthropology, from political sciences to sociology, the first issue of the new yearbook History of Intellectual Culture (HIC) dedicates a thematic section to the way knowledge can and arguably must be conceptualized as "participatory".Introducing and exploring "participatory knowledge", the volume aims to draw attention to the potential of looking at knowledge formation and circulation through a new lens and to open a dialogue about how and what concepts and theories of participation can contribute to the history of knowledge. By asking who gets to participate in defining what counts as knowledge and in deciding whose knowledge is circulated, modes of participation enter into the examination of knowledge on various levels and within multiple cultural contexts.The articles in this volume attest to the great variety of approaches, contexts, and interpretations of "participatory knowledge", from the sociological projects of the Frankfurt School to the Uppsala-based Institute for Race Biology, from the Argentinian National Folklore Survey to current hashtag activism and Covid-19-archive projects. HIC sees knowledge as rooted in social and political structures, determined by modes of transfer and produced in collaborative processes. The notion of "participatory knowledge" highlights in a compelling way how knowledge is rooted in cultural practices and social configurations