Establishment of a validation and benchmark database for the assessment of ship operation in adverse conditions

The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), introduced by the IMO [1] is applicable for various types of new-built ships since January 2013. Despite the release of an interim guideline [2], concerns regarding the sufficiency of propulsion power and steering devices to maintain manoeuvrability of ships in adverse conditions were raised. This was the motivation for the EU research project SHOPERA (Energy Efficient Safe SHip OPERAtion, 2013-2016 [3-6]). The aim of the project is the development of suitable methods, tools and guidelines to effectively address these concerns and to enable safe and green shipping. Within the framework of SHOPERA, a comprehensive test program consisting of more than 1,300 different model tests for three ship hulls of different geometry and hydrodynamic characteristics has been conducted by four of the leading European maritime experimental research institutes: MARINTEK, CEHIPAR, Flanders Hydraulics Research and Technische Universität Berlin. The hull types encompass two public domain designs, namely the KVLCC2 tanker (KRISO VLCC, developed by KRISO) and the DTC container ship (Duisburg Test Case, developed by Universität Duisburg-Essen) as well as a RoPax ferry design, which is a proprietary hull design of a member of the SHOPERA consortium. The tests have been distributed among the four research institutes to benefit from the unique possibilities of each facility and to gain added value by establishing data sets for the same hull model and test type at different under keel clearances (ukc). This publication presents the scope of the SHOPERA model test program for the two public domain hull models – the KVLCC2 and the DTC. The main particulars and loading conditions for the two vessels as well as the experimental setup is provided to support the interpretation of the examples of experimental data that are discussed. The focus lies on added resistance at moderate speed and drift force tests in high and steep regular head, following and oblique waves. These climates have been selected to check the applicability of numerical models in adverse wave conditions and to cover possible non-linear effects. The obtained test results with the KVLCC2 model in deep water at CEHIPAR are discussed and compared against the results obtained in shallow water at Flanders Hydraulics Research. The DTC model has been tested at MARINTEK in deep water and at Technische Universität Berlin and Flanders Hydraulics Research in intermediate/shallow water in different set-ups. Added resistance and drift force measurements from these facilities are discussed and compared. Examples of experimental data is also presented for manoeuvring in waves. At MARINTEK, turning circle and zig-zag tests have been performed with the DTC in regular waves. Parameters of variation are the initial heading, the wave period and height

Effektivierung des Einsatzes der Sozialheime Abschlussbericht zum Forschungsauftrag 310-68 (wissenschaftlich begruendete Betreuungsorganisation fuer aeltere Buerger)

UuStB Koeln(38)-950106082 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Zur Wirksamkeit des Pflege- und Sozialdienstes des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik bei der Betreuung aelterer Buerger

HUB (B11) - 90 HB 4368 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Integration der Buerger im Rentenalter in die Gesellschaft Abschlussbericht zum Forschungsauftrag 310-68 (wissenschaftlich begruendete Betreuungsorganisation fuer Buerger im Rentenalter)

UuStB Koeln(38)-950106080 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Semen cryopreservation and radical reduction capacity of seminal fluid in captive African lion ( Panthera leo )

Optimizing cryopreservation protocols for nondomestic felids contributes to the successful development of assisted reproduction techniques and genetic resource banking. In this study, we describe a simple cryopreservation procedure for African lion (Panthera leo) ejaculates, which was tested with different packaging options and different sperm numbers per dose. By applying urethral catheterization and electroejaculation, 17 ejaculates with greater than 20% motile and greater than 5% progressively motile sperm were collected. A lyophilized extender (a modified egg yolk-Tes-Tris-fructose-glycerol medium) was rehydrated and added in one step at ambient temperature (∼25 °C) to semen, which was prediluted in cell culture medium M199. After slow cooling of insulated samples to 15 °C in a refrigerator (4 °C), the samples were fast frozen over the surface of liquid nitrogen or in a dry shipper. Aliquots of 300 μL containing 20 × 106 sperm were frozen in cryovials and in 0.5-mL straws. Differences were observed in the total motility after thawing between vial (31.5 ± 14.1%) and straw freezing (20.1 ± 8.6%). However, the subpopulations of vital (22.7 ± 7.8% for vial and 19.8 ± 8.5% for straw) and progressively motile (10.0 ± 7.9% for vial and 10.0 ± 6.4% for straw) sperm after washing and 1 hour incubation at 38 °C were of similar magnitude, velocity, and linearity for both packaging options. After freezing of five ejaculates with 20, 60, and 100 × 106 sperm per dose, best results were achieved at the lowest concentration. In general, post-thaw results were highly variable (2.2% and 56.5% total motility) and not correlated to motility or morphology of the fresh semen. To further characterize semen quality, we assessed the protective potential of seminal fluid against oxidative stress, which might be challenged on freeze thawing. The capacity of seminal fluid to reduce radicals was measured in 10 semen samples by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and a spin-labeled fatty acid as a radical probe. Moreover, we determined the lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) as potential lipid oxidation products in the sperm and erythrocytes of the males. Individuals with a high radical reduction capacity in the seminal fluid and a low LPC content in their erythrocytes showed a better cryosurvival of sperm. This is a first indication that seminal fluid may affect the freezing potential of African lion ejaculates.The German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Number 033L046) and by a grant of the German Research Council to J. S. and K. M. (DFG SCHI 476/12–1&2 and MU 1520/4–1&2).http://www.theriojournal.com2018-02-27hj2017Paraclinical Science