A tápanyagpótlás és gyomirtás értékelése a helyspecifikus növénytermelési technológiában

A Szent István Egyetem Józsefmajori tangazdaságának relatív jó talajadottságokkal rendelkező tábláiban a precíziós tápanyagpótlás alkalmazásával akár hektáronként 60 kg nitrogénhatóanyag-megtakarítás is elvárható a konvencionális technológiához képest. A precíziós tápanyagpótlási technológiával, a vizsgált táblák 50%-ánál tapasztalható anyagköltség-megtakarítás. Az anyagmegtakarítás mellett célszerű számolni a működési költségek növekedésével. A Szegedi Gabonakutató Kft. segítségével végzett szántóföldi kísérletek adatai alapján megállapítható, hogy kukoricatermelésnél 48,85% őszi gyomborítottság felett ökonómiailag indokolt a precíziós gyomirtás. ----------------------------------- By applying precision nutrient supplementation rather instead of conventional technology, as much as 60 kg of nitrogen active substance can be saved per hectare in the Józsefmajor study farm of Szent István University, which has relatively good soil. Precision nutrient supplementation enabled lower material costs in 50% of the parcels studied, provided that parcel level yield potential was ignored. In addition to saving on materials, though, increased operating costs should also be taken into consideration. Field tests performed with the assistance of Szegedi Gabonakutató Kft. showed that in maize production, precision weed control was economically justifi ed when autumn weed coverage exceeded 48.85%

A PRECÍZIÓS GAZDÁLKODÁS ÖKONÓMIAI ÉRTÉKELÉSE

The competitive agriculture is needed for higher productivity, technological and technical renewal. The one form of the technical renewal may is the precision agriculture. Precision agriculture reduce the environmental load of agriculture apart from the fact that higher investment and operation costs. This is the reason why the carefully thought-out investment strategy is necessary. A wrong investment strategy is wavering the company. In the centre of my analysis of precision agriculture there are the costs of necessary equipments or cost of supply. The main cornerstones of the analysis are: income and cost analysis, comparison of extra costs, and break-even point analysis. During my research I give countenance to that suitable to install the precision agriculture (required productivity level and crop rotation). A mezőgazdaság versenyképességének, a termelés javításához, technológiai, technikai megújulásra van szükség. A technikai megújulás egyik formája lehet a precíziós gazdálkodás, ami azon túl, hogy csökkenti a gazdálkodás környezetterhelését többlet beruházási ill. működési költségeket is eredményez. Éppen ezért szükséges egy jól átgondolt beruházási stratégia. Hiszen egy nem kellően átgondolt nagy értékű beruházás megingathatja az egész gazdaság stabilitását. A precíziós gazdálkodási rendszerben végzett ökonómiai vizsgálataim középpontjában az ahhoz szükséges eszközök beruházásának, ill. idegen szolgáltatás igénybevételének többletköltsége, ill. méretgazdaságossági vizsgálatok állnak. Vizsgálataim alapján arra a következtetésre jutottam, hogy akár nagyobb akár kisebb gazdáságokról legyen szó célszerű a technológia bevezetése (megfelelő termelési színvonal, termés összetétel mellett)

A PRECÍZIÓS GAZDÁLKODÁS ÖKONÓMIAI ÉRTÉKELÉSE

The competitive agriculture is needed for higher productivity, technological and technical renewal. The one form of the technical renewal may is the precision agriculture. Precision agriculture reduce the environmental load of agriculture apart from the fact that higher investment and operation costs. This is the reason why the carefully thought-out investment strategy is necessary. A wrong investment strategy is wavering the company. In the centre of my analysis of precision agriculture there are the costs of necessary equipments or cost of supply. The main cornerstones of the analysis are: income and cost analysis, comparison of extra costs, and break-even point analysis. During my research I give countenance to that suitable to install the precision agriculture (required productivity level and crop rotation).beruházás, megtérülés, méretgazdaságosság, együttműködési formák, return on investment, size-economy, cooperation forms, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Production Economics,

A tápanyagpótlás és gyomirtás értékelése a helyspecifikus növénytermelési technológiában

A Szent István Egyetem Józsefmajori tangazdaságának relatív jó talajadottságokkal rendelkezÅ‘ tábláiban a precíziós tápanyagpótlás alkalmazásával akár hektáronként 60 kg nitrogénhatóanyag-megtakarítás is elvárható a konvencionális technológiához képest. A precíziós tápanyagpótlási technológiával, a vizsgált táblák 50%-ánál tapasztalható anyagköltség-megtakarítás. Az anyagmegtakarítás mellett célszerű számolni a működési költségek növekedésével. A Szegedi Gabonakutató Kft. segítségével végzett szántóföldi kísérletek adatai alapján megállapítható, hogy kukoricatermelésnél 48,85% Å‘szi gyomborítottság felett ökonómiailag indokolt a precíziós gyomirtás. ----------------------------------- By applying precision nutrient supplementation rather instead of conventional technology, as much as 60 kg of nitrogen active substance can be saved per hectare in the Józsefmajor study farm of Szent István University, which has relatively good soil. Precision nutrient supplementation enabled lower material costs in 50% of the parcels studied, provided that parcel level yield potential was ignored. In addition to saving on materials, though, increased operating costs should also be taken into consideration. Field tests performed with the assistance of Szegedi Gabonakutató Kft. showed that in maize production, precision weed control was economically justifi ed when autumn weed coverage exceeded 48.85%.precíziós gazdálkodás (növényvédelem, tápanyagpótlás), jövedelem, árváltozás, precision farming (plant protection, nutrient supplementation), income, price change, Crop Production/Industries, Farm Management, Production Economics,

CHANGES IN COSTS OF PRECISION NUTRITION DEPENDING ON CROP ROTATION

By applying precision nutrition the yield heterogeneity owing to the different features of soil spots can be taken into consideration. The planned and sprayed fertilizer adjusted to the expected yield rendered to soil spots can reduce the negative effects of artificial chemicals on soil and environment. The aim of this paper is to examine how the quantity and the cost of fertilizer (material and operational) will change on spot level on a certain plot during a five-year period, considering crop rotation, too. The following crops are in the rotation: winter wheat, corn and sunflower. Precision nutrition can be used in all the cultures mentioned above. Our earlier (static) model calculations have revealed that the threshold price of precision production was lower by 31% than in conventional technology. So it is necessary to explore for a longer period how the profitability of precision nutrition reacts to the changes in input and yield prices in different crops. The risk receptivity of precision nutrition can be characterized with the help of price sensitive analyses. Effects on profitability of other technological elements are not analysed in this paper

CHANGES IN COSTS OF PRECISION NUTRITION DEPENDING ON CROP ROTATION

By applying precision nutrition the yield heterogeneity owing to the different features of soil spots can be taken into consideration. The planned and sprayed fertilizer adjusted to the expected yield rendered to soil spots can reduce the negative effects of artificial chemicals on soil and environment. The aim of this paper is to examine how the quantity and the cost of fertilizer (material and operational) will change on spot level on a certain plot during a five-year period, considering crop rotation, too. The following crops are in the rotation: winter wheat, corn and sunflower. Precision nutrition can be used in all the cultures mentioned above. Our earlier (static) model calculations have revealed that the threshold price of precision production was lower by 31% than in conventional technology. So it is necessary to explore for a longer period how the profitability of precision nutrition reacts to the changes in input and yield prices in different crops. The risk receptivity of precision nutrition can be characterized with the help of price sensitive analyses. Effects on profitability of other technological elements are not analysed in this paper.cost of fertilizer, long-term model calculation, price-sensitivity, Crop Production/Industries, Land Economics/Use,

Economic benefits of precision weed control and why its uptake is so slow

Innovation in agriculture ensures the widespread use of the most up-to-date technology. One such technology is precision crop protection, which meets the requirement of environmental and economic sustainability. The applicability of precision crop protection has been verified by several studies and in practice, but its uptake is very slow. Examining the economic relationships between potential savings and pests at the European Union level, this paper shows that the savings in pesticide use following the adoption of precision plant protection can be 30,000 tonnes (calculated using the current dose levels) per annum. If approximately 30 per cent of the crop producing and mixed farms larger than 16 ESU apply this new technology, the environmental burden will be reduced by 10-35 per cent. From a survey of 72 Hungarian farmers we found a positive correlation between the size of the farm and the adoption of precision farming technology, and those farmers in the survey that had implemented precision crop production estimated that the consequent change in income had been positive. Thus, at a certain farm size and farming intensity, precision crop production is a real, environmental friendly farming strategy option, through which each farm can generate an income that covers at least the economic conditions of simple production. By encouraging environmentally friendly farming practice, precision crop production can meet the requirements of the proposed green component of Pillar 1 of the Common Agricultural Policy for the period 2014-2020