Rydberg states of hydrogen-like ions in braneworld

It has been argued that precise measurements of optical transition frequencies between Rydberg states of hydrogen-like ions could be used to obtain an improved value of the Rydberg constant and even to test Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) theory more accurately, by avoiding the uncertainties about the proton radius. Motivated by this perspective, we investigate the influence of the gravitational interaction on the energy levels of Hydrogen-like ions in Rydberg states within the context of the braneworld models. As it is known, in this scenario, the gravitational interaction is amplified in short distances. We show that, for Rydberg states, the main contribution for the gravitational potential energy does not come from the rest energy concentrated on the nucleus but from the energy of the electromagnetic field created by its electrical charge, which is spread in space. The reason is connected to the fact that, when the ion is in a Rydberg state with high angular momentum, the gravitational potential energy is not computable in zero-width brane approximation due to the gravitational influence of the electrovacuum in which the lepton is moving. Considering a thick brane scenario, we calculate the gravitational potential energy associated to the nucleus charge in terms of the confinement parameter of the electric field in the brane. We show that the gravitational effects on the energy levels of a Rydberg state can be amplified by the extra dimensions even when the compactification scale of the hidden dimensions is shorter than the Bohr radius

Xenosaurus platyceps

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Xenosaurus

Number of Pages: 3Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Xenosaurus newmanorum

Number of Pages: 2Integrative BiologyGeological Science

Xenosaurus grandis

Number of Pages: 4Integrative BiologyGeological Science

The Two-Dimensional Analogue of General Relativity

General Relativity in three or more dimensions can be obtained by taking the limit $\omega\rightarrow\infty$ in the Brans-Dicke theory. In two dimensions General Relativity is an unacceptable theory. We show that the two-dimensional closest analogue of General Relativity is a theory that also arises in the limit $\omega\rightarrow\infty$ of the two-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, preprint DF/IST-17.9

O direito na perspectiva dos autores da sociologia clássica: Durkheim, Weber e Marx

Trata do Direito na perspectiva dos principais autores da Sociologia clássica. Analisa, de acordo com a visão de Durkheim, as influências da sociedade sobre o Direito e sua formação, a solidariedade social, os fatos sociais como o objeto da sociologia e suas características. Discorre, conforme a concepção de Weber, o individualismo metodológico e os tipos de dominação na História. Expõe, conforme Marx, o Estado e o Direito como intermediários e o Direito como ideologia a serviço da exploração capitalista