Principles of orthodontic treatment planning in angle class I malocclusion

Introduction. Angle class I, also known as neutrocclusion, is the most common form of malocclusion. This dento-maxillary anomaly is characterized by a normal antero-posterior intermaxillary relationship, the presence of misaligned teeth, with or without minor skeletal changes. Aim of study. Research for an optimal method of diagnosis and development of an effective treatment plan for Angle class I malocclusion. Methods and materials. The study is based on data collected from 20 patients with frontal dental crowding. Each patient was diagnosed by performing the clinical and complementary examination - photostatic examination, analysis of study models, orthopantomography and teleradiography. An individualized treatment plan has been established to treat this malocclusion. Two types of treatments depending on the severity of the crowding were chosen. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I: fixed orthodontic treatment. Group II: orthodontic treatment with removable aligners. Results. For group I, consisting of 12 patients, with a moderate degree of frontal crowding, the orthodontic treatment with fixed adhesive system lasted about 1.5 years. Whereas for group II, consisting of 8 patients, with a mild crowding, they wore detachable devices for up to 12 months. Following the analysis of the preliminary and final results of the treatment in the total group of 20 patients, changes of dento-facial parameters were observed. In group I patients, fixed orthodontic treatment had an efficiency of 90%. The 10% errors are due to the lack of systematic presentation to the orthodontist. In group II patients, the use of removable systems was 70% efficient. The 30% errors represent the patient's neglect to follow the special regimen established by changing the aligners every 2 weeks. Conclusion. Over the last few years, it has been proven that removable orthodontic appliances allow for predictable results related to mild-degree crowding of teeth in Angle class I malocclusion

Oral cavity manifestations of malignant tumors in children

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Patologia tumorală în special tumorile maligne la copii sunt în creștere. Tot mai mulți copii sunt supuși tratamentului chimioterapeutic. Efectele adverse ale tratamentului chimioterapeutic sunt diverse. Cele manifestate în cavitatea bucală sunt cele mai frecvente și prezintă o problemă dificilă a copiilor atât în perioada de tratament, cât și după tratamentul chimioterapeutic. Scopul lucrării. Evaluarea manifestărilor orale la copii provocate de tumori si efectele secundare ale chimioterapiei. Materiale și metode. Au fost examinați clinic 30 de copii cu tumori maligne care se aflau internați în secția de oncologie pediatrică Institutul Oncologic. Toți copii primeau tratament chimioterapeutic. Vârstele au fost cuprinse între 1și 18 ani. Rezultate. În total au fost examinați 30 copii(11 fete și 19 băieți). 14 pacienți cu leucemie si 16 cu alte tumori. La toți copiii s-a examinat statutul dentar cât și mucoasa cavității bucale. Indicele de frecvență (IF) a cariei în acest grup de pacienți a constituit un nivel mediu, IF = 70. Pentru leucozele acute s-a constatat leziuni ulcero-necrotice pe mucoasa gingivală, palatină, linguală și jugală. Mai frecvent au fost depistate gingivitele hipertrofice. Concluzii. Severitatea acestor simptome variază in funcție de durata terapiei, dozajele prescrise si istoricul medical personal. Efectele secundare sunt temporare. Pacienții supuși chimioterapiei pentru tratarea leucemiei sunt cel mai expuși infecțiilor grave.Introduction. Tumor pathology, especially malignant tumors in children, is increasing. More and more children are undergoing chemotherapy treatment. The adverse effects of chemotherapy treatment are diverse. Those manifested in the oral cavity are the most frequent and present a difficult problem for children both during the treatment period and after the chemotherapeutic treatment. Objective of the study. Estimation of the side effects in the oral cavity in children with malignant tumor undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment. Materials and methods. 30 children with malignant tumors who were hospitalized in the pediatric oncology department of the Oncological Institute were clinically examined. All children were receiving chemotherapy treatment. The ages were between 1 and 18 years. Results. A total of 30 children (11 girls and 19 boys) were examined. 14 patients with leukemia and 16 with other tumors. In all children, the dental status and the mucosa of the oral cavity were examined. The frequency index (FI) of cavities in this group of patients was an average level, FI = 70. For acute leukemia, ulcero-necrotic lesions were found on the gingival, palatal, lingual and jugal mucosa. Hypertrophic gingivitis was detected more frequently. Conclusions. The severity of these symptoms varies depending on the duration of the therapy, the prescribed dosages and the personal medical history. Side effects are temporary. Patients undergoing chemotherapy to treat leukemia are most at risk of serious infections