Определение радиационной стойкости ИС с помощью низкоэнергетического излучения

Предложен метод определения мощности дозы излучения по ионизационному току в p—n-переходе и радиационной стойкости МДП интегральных схем с помощью низкоэнергетического (10—40 кэВ) рентгеновского излучения.Запропоновано метод визначення потужності дози випромінення за іонізаційним струмом в p—n-пере-ході та радіаційної стійкості МДН інтегральних схем за допомогою низькоенергетичного (10—40 кеВ) рентгенівського випромінювання.A method is proposed for determination of radiation dose via the ionization current in the p—n-junction and of radiation resistance of MIS integrated circuits with the use of low-energy (10—40 keV) X-rays

Does public service motivation matter? A study of participation in various volunteering domains

This article examines the extent to which public service motivation (PSM), more specifically the PSM dimension commitment to the public interest (CPI), is related to volunteering. The claims for the relationship between PSM and volunteering have rarely been supported by evidence based on direct measurements of PSM. Using data from a large representative sample of public and semi-public sector employees in the Netherlands, we show that CPI is positively related to volunteering. This relationship is stronger for participation in some volunteering domains than in others. We suggest that public interest committed employees seek out volunteering opportunities that match their motivation and that the extent to which voluntary organizations espouse public service ideals may explain the differential strength of the relationship between employees’ CPI and their participation in different volunteering domains. This finding is relevant for voluntary and nonprofit organizations which need to attract volunteers to keep up welfare services

Shared Perceptions of Supervisor Support: What Processes Make Supervisors and Employees See Eye to Eye?

This paper aims to find out what processes contribute to horizontal (between employees) and vertical (between employees and their supervisor) shared perceptions of supervisor support by public frontline supervisors. Informed by a multilevel qualitative study among supervisors and teachers in public secondary schools, we develop theoretical propositions regarding these processes. We propose that employees’ expectations based on experiences with previous supervisors can decrease horizontal shared perceptions. Subsequently, a contingent or consistent approach to supporting employees contribute to the development of horizontal and vertical shared perceptions, depending on the legitimacy attributed by employees to the reason behind this approach. Over time, supervisor support experienced by employees at meaningful work-life events contributes to the emergence of horizontal and vertical shared perceptions. This research shows that instead of merely looking for correlates of shared perceptions, scrutinizing the processes that contribute to horizontal and vertical shared perceptions increases our understanding of this complex phenomenon