The economics of debt clearing mechanisms

We examine the evolution of decentralized clearinghouse mechanisms from the 13th to the 18th century; in particular, we explore the clearing of non- or limitedtradable debts like bills of exchange. We construct a theoretical model of these clearinghouse mechanisms, similar to the models in the theoretical matching literature, and show that specific decentralized multilateral clearing algorithms known as rescontre, skontrieren or virement des parties used by merchants were efficient in specific historical contexts. We can explain both the evolutionary self-organizing emergence of late medieval and early modern fairs, and its robustness during the 17th and 18th century

Analysis of the behaviour of flexibility parameters in intralogistics systems

Today's logistics systems are characterized by uncertainty and constantly changing requirements. Rising demand for customized products, short product life cycles and a large number of variants increases the complexity of these systems enormously. In particular, intralogistics material flow systems must be able to adapt to changing conditions at short notice, with little effort and at low cost. To fulfil these requirements, the material flow system needs to be flexible in three important parameters, namely layout, throughput and product. While the scope of the flexibility parameters is described in literature, the respective effects on an intralogistics material flow system and the influencing factors are mostly unknown. This paper describes how flexibility parameters of an intralogistics system can be determined using a multi-method simulation. The study was conducted in the learning factory “Werk150” on the campus of Reutlingen University with its different means of transport and processes and validated in terms of practical experiments

Development and implementation of an autonomous control system for target-optimised use of intralogistics transport systems in the Learning Factory Werk 150 at Reutlingen University

Rapidly changing market conditions and global competition are leading to an increasing complexity of logistics systems and require innovative approaches with respect to the organisation and control of these systems. In scientific research, concepts of autonomously controlled logistics systems show a promising approach to meet the increasing requirements for flexible and efficient order processing. In this context, this work aims to introduce a system that is able to adjust order processing dynamically, and optimise intralogistics transportation regarding various generic intralogistics target criteria. The logistics system under consideration consists of various means of transport for autonomous decision-making and fulfilment of transport orders with defined source-sink relationships. The context of this work is set by introducing the Learning Factory Werk 150 with its existing hardware and software infrastructure and its defined target figures to measure the performance of the system. Specifically, the important target figures cost and performance are considered for the transportation system. The core idea of the system’s logic is to solve the problem of order allocation to specific means of transport by linking a Genetic Algorithm with a Multi-Agent System. The implementation of the developed system is described in an application scenario at the learning factory

Explorative investigation of application scenarios for smart bin systems

Increasing flexibility, greater transparency and faster adaptability play a key role in the development of future intralogistics. Ever-changing environmental conditions require easy extensibility and modifiability of existing bin systems. This research project explores approaches to transfer the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm to intralogistics. This allows a synchronization of the material and information flow. The bin is enabled by the implementation of adequate hardware and software components to capture, store, process and forward data to selected system subscribers. Monitoring the processes in the intralogistics by means of the smart bin system ensures the implementation of appropriate actions in case of defined deviations. By using explorative expert interviews with representatives from the automotive and pharmaceutical industries, seven practical application scenarios were defined. On this basis, the requirements of smart bin systems were examined. For each individual case of application, a system model was created in order to obtain an overview of the system components and thus reveal similarities and differences. Based on the similarities of the system models, a general requirement profile was derived. After the hardware components of the bin system had been determined, a utility analysis was carried out to find the adequate IoT software. The utility analysis was conducted with a focus on data acquisition and data transfer, data storage, data analysis, data presentation as well as authorization management and data security. The results show that there is great interest in easily expandable and modifiable bin systems, as in all cases, the necessary information flow in the existing bin system has to be improved by means of new IoT hardware and software components

SoundToll Registers Online

The Sound Toll Registers (STR) are the accounts of the toll which the king of Denmark levied on the shipping through the Sound, the strait between Sweden and Denmark. They have been conserved (with gaps in the first decades) for the period from 1497 to 1857, when the toll was abolished. From 1574 on, the series is almost complete. The STR are being kept by the Danish National Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.Sound Toll Registers online (short: STR online) is the electronic database of the complete Sound Toll Registers (STR). STR online is essentially an instrument of historical analysis. It is a reduction of an organic historical source. It is an interpretation of the STR and not a direct copy or a source edition. Sound Toll Registers Online consists of two databases: Database 1 for all years before 1634 and Database 2 for all years after 1633. Additional e-mail address: [email protected]

SoundToll Registers Online

The Sound Toll Registers (STR) are the accounts of the toll which the king of Denmark levied on the shipping through the Sound, the strait between Sweden and Denmark. They have been conserved (with gaps in the first decades) for the period from 1497 to 1857, when the toll was abolished. From 1574 on, the series is almost complete. The STR are being kept by the Danish National Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.Sound Toll Registers online (short: STR online) is the electronic database of the complete Sound Toll Registers (STR). STR online is essentially an instrument of historical analysis. It is a reduction of an organic historical source. It is an interpretation of the STR and not a direct copy or a source edition. Sound Toll Registers Online consists of two databases: Database 1 for all years before 1634 and Database 2 for all years after 1633. Additional e-mail address: [email protected]

SoundToll Registers Online

The Sound Toll Registers (STR) are the accounts of the toll which the king of Denmark levied on the shipping through the Sound, the strait between Sweden and Denmark. They have been conserved (with gaps in the first decades) for the period from 1497 to 1857, when the toll was abolished. From 1574 on, the series is almost complete. The STR are being kept by the Danish National Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.Sound Toll Registers online (short: STR online) is the electronic database of the complete Sound Toll Registers (STR). STR online is essentially an instrument of historical analysis. It is a reduction of an organic historical source. It is an interpretation of the STR and not a direct copy or a source edition. Sound Toll Registers Online consists of two databases: Database 1 for all years before 1634 and Database 2 for all years after 1633. Additional e-mail address: [email protected]

SoundToll Registers Online

The Sound Toll Registers (STR) are the accounts of the toll which the king of Denmark levied on the shipping through the Sound, the strait between Sweden and Denmark. They have been conserved (with gaps in the first decades) for the period from 1497 to 1857, when the toll was abolished. From 1574 on, the series is almost complete. The STR are being kept by the Danish National Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.Sound Toll Registers online (short: STR online) is the electronic database of the complete Sound Toll Registers (STR). STR online is essentially an instrument of historical analysis. It is a reduction of an organic historical source. It is an interpretation of the STR and not a direct copy or a source edition. Sound Toll Registers Online consists of two databases: Database 1 for all years before 1634 and Database 2 for all years after 1633. Additional e-mail address: [email protected]

SoundToll Registers Online

The Sound Toll Registers (STR) are the accounts of the toll which the king of Denmark levied on the shipping through the Sound, the strait between Sweden and Denmark. They have been conserved (with gaps in the first decades) for the period from 1497 to 1857, when the toll was abolished. From 1574 on, the series is almost complete. The STR are being kept by the Danish National Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.Sound Toll Registers online (short: STR online) is the electronic database of the complete Sound Toll Registers (STR). STR online is essentially an instrument of historical analysis. It is a reduction of an organic historical source. It is an interpretation of the STR and not a direct copy or a source edition. Sound Toll Registers Online consists of two databases: Database 1 for all years before 1634 and Database 2 for all years after 1633. Additional e-mail address: [email protected]